<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <!--Rendered using the Haskell Html Library v0.2--> <HTML ><HEAD ><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF-8" ><TITLE >Data.Tree</TITLE ><LINK HREF="haddock.css" REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" ><SCRIPT SRC="haddock-util.js" TYPE="text/javascript" ></SCRIPT ><SCRIPT TYPE="text/javascript" >window.onload = function () {setSynopsis("mini_Data-Tree.html")};</SCRIPT ></HEAD ><BODY ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="topbar" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD ><IMG SRC="haskell_icon.gif" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="16" ALT=" " ></TD ><TD CLASS="title" >containers-0.2.0.1: Assorted concrete container types</TD ><TD CLASS="topbut" ><A HREF="index.html" >Contents</A ></TD ><TD CLASS="topbut" ><A HREF="doc-index.html" >Index</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="modulebar" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD ><FONT SIZE="6" >Data.Tree</FONT ></TD ><TD ALIGN="right" ><TABLE CLASS="narrow" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="infohead" >Portability</TD ><TD CLASS="infoval" >portable</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="infohead" >Stability</TD ><TD CLASS="infoval" >experimental</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="infohead" >Maintainer</TD ><TD CLASS="infoval" >libraries@haskell.org</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="section4" ><B >Contents</B ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD ><DL ><DT ><A HREF="#1" >Two-dimensional drawing </A ></DT ><DT ><A HREF="#2" >Extraction </A ></DT ><DT ><A HREF="#3" >Building trees </A ></DT ></DL ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" >Description</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Multi-way trees (<EM >aka</EM > rose trees) and forests. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" >Synopsis</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="body" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><SPAN CLASS="keyword" >data</SPAN > <A HREF="#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a = <A HREF="#v%3ANode" >Node</A > {<TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="recfield" ><A HREF="#v%3ArootLabel" >rootLabel</A > :: a</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="recfield" ><A HREF="#v%3AsubForest" >subForest</A > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a</TD ></TR ></TABLE >}</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><SPAN CLASS="keyword" >type</SPAN > <A HREF="#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a = [<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AdrawTree" >drawTree</A > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A > -> <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AdrawForest" >drawForest</A > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A > -> <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3Aflatten" >flatten</A > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a -> [a]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3Alevels" >levels</A > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a -> [[a]]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldTree" >unfoldTree</A > :: (b -> (a, [b])) -> b -> <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldForest" >unfoldForest</A > :: (b -> (a, [b])) -> [b] -> <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldTreeM" >unfoldTreeM</A > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> b -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldForestM" >unfoldForestM</A > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> [b] -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldTreeM_BF" >unfoldTreeM_BF</A > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> b -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s8" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="#v%3AunfoldForestM_BF" >unfoldForestM_BF</A > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> [b] -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a)</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" >Documentation</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><SPAN CLASS="keyword" >data</SPAN > <A NAME="t:Tree" ><A NAME="t%3ATree" ></A ></A ><B >Tree</B > a </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="body" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="ndoc" >Multi-way trees, also known as <EM >rose trees</EM >. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section4" >Constructors</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="body" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="5" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="arg" ><A NAME="v:Node" ><A NAME="v%3ANode" ></A ></A ><B >Node</B ></TD ><TD CLASS="rdoc" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="body" COLSPAN="2" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="arg" ><A NAME="v:rootLabel" ><A NAME="v%3ArootLabel" ></A ></A ><B >rootLabel</B > :: a</TD ><TD CLASS="rdoc" >label value </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="arg" ><A NAME="v:subForest" ><A NAME="v%3AsubForest" ></A ></A ><B >subForest</B > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a</TD ><TD CLASS="rdoc" >zero or more child trees </TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section4" ><IMG SRC="minus.gif" CLASS="coll" ONCLICK="toggle(this,'i:Tree')" ALT="show/hide" > Instances</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="body" ><DIV ID="i:Tree" STYLE="display:block;" ><TABLE CLASS="vanilla" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="0" ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AFunctor" >Functor</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Data-Typeable.html#t%3ATypeable1" >Typeable1</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Data-Traversable.html#t%3ATraversable" >Traversable</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Data-Foldable.html#t%3AFoldable" >Foldable</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Control-Applicative.html#t%3AApplicative" >Applicative</A > <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Data-Eq.html#t%3AEq" >Eq</A > a => <A HREF="../base/Data-Eq.html#t%3AEq" >Eq</A > (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Data-Data.html#t%3AData" >Data</A > a => <A HREF="../base/Data-Data.html#t%3AData" >Data</A > (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Text-Read.html#t%3ARead" >Read</A > a => <A HREF="../base/Text-Read.html#t%3ARead" >Read</A > (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A HREF="../base/Text-Show.html#t%3AShow" >Show</A > a => <A HREF="../base/Text-Show.html#t%3AShow" >Show</A > (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><SPAN CLASS="keyword" >type</SPAN > <A NAME="t:Forest" ><A NAME="t%3AForest" ></A ></A ><B >Forest</B > a = [<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" ><A NAME="1" ><A NAME="1" >Two-dimensional drawing </A ></A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:drawTree" ><A NAME="v%3AdrawTree" ></A ></A ><B >drawTree</B > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A > -> <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Neat 2-dimensional drawing of a tree. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:drawForest" ><A NAME="v%3AdrawForest" ></A ></A ><B >drawForest</B > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A > -> <A HREF="../base/Data-Char.html#t%3AString" >String</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Neat 2-dimensional drawing of a forest. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" ><A NAME="2" ><A NAME="2" >Extraction </A ></A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:flatten" ><A NAME="v%3Aflatten" ></A ></A ><B >flatten</B > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a -> [a]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >The elements of a tree in pre-order. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:levels" ><A NAME="v%3Alevels" ></A ></A ><B >levels</B > :: <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a -> [[a]]</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Lists of nodes at each level of the tree. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="section1" ><A NAME="3" ><A NAME="3" >Building trees </A ></A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldTree" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldTree" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldTree</B > :: (b -> (a, [b])) -> b -> <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Build a tree from a seed value </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldForest" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldForest" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldForest</B > :: (b -> (a, [b])) -> [b] -> <A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Build a forest from a list of seed values </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldTreeM" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldTreeM" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldTreeM</B > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> b -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Monadic tree builder, in depth-first order </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldForestM" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldForestM" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldForestM</B > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> [b] -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Monadic forest builder, in depth-first order </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldTreeM_BF" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldTreeM_BF" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldTreeM_BF</B > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> b -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3ATree" >Tree</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Monadic tree builder, in breadth-first order, using an algorithm adapted from <EM >Breadth-First Numbering: Lessons from a Small Exercise in Algorithm Design</EM >, by Chris Okasaki, <EM >ICFP'00</EM >. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="decl" ><A NAME="v:unfoldForestM_BF" ><A NAME="v%3AunfoldForestM_BF" ></A ></A ><B >unfoldForestM_BF</B > :: <A HREF="../base/Control-Monad.html#t%3AMonad" >Monad</A > m => (b -> m (a, [b])) -> [b] -> m (<A HREF="Data-Tree.html#t%3AForest" >Forest</A > a)</TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="doc" >Monadic forest builder, in breadth-first order, using an algorithm adapted from <EM >Breadth-First Numbering: Lessons from a Small Exercise in Algorithm Design</EM >, by Chris Okasaki, <EM >ICFP'00</EM >. </TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="s15" ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD CLASS="botbar" >Produced by <A HREF="http://www.haskell.org/haddock/" >Haddock</A > version 2.4.2</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></BODY ></HTML >