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<td class="title">Demonstrations</td>
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<h1>mmdlabeltext
<br>
<span class="subtitle">Segmenting letters, words and paragraphs.
</span>
</h1>
<div class="descr">
<H2>Description</H2>
<div class="H2">
<p>
In this example, a digitized text is processed to identify the letters, words and paragraphs. This demonstration uses only the
<span class="fun">mmlabel</span> function with different connectivity parameters.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="script">
<H2>Demo Script</H2>
<div class="H2">
<div class="slide">
<H3>Reading</H3>
<div class="H3">
<p>
<p>
The text image is read.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="listing">
<pre class="user">>>> f = mmreadgray('stext.tif')</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> mmshow(f)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
</div>
<table class="images">
<tbody align="center">
<tr class="image" valign="bottom">
<td><img width="320" src="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_001.jpg"></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="title" valign="baseline">
<td><a href="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_001.jpg">f</a></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<H3>First, label the letters.</H3>
<div class="H3">
<p>
<p>
The letters are the main connected components in the image. So we use the classical 8-connectivity criteria for identify each letter.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="listing">
<pre class="user">>>> fl=mmlabel(f,mmsebox())</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> mmlblshow(fl)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
</div>
<table class="images">
<tbody align="center">
<tr class="image" valign="bottom">
<td><img width="320" src="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_002.jpg"></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="title" valign="baseline">
<td><a href="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_002.jpg">fl</a></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<H3>Second, label the words.</H3>
<div class="H3">
<p>
<p>
The words are made of closed letters. In this case we use a connectivity specified by a rectangle structuring element of 7 pixels high and 11 pixels width, so any two pixels that can be hit by this rectangle, belong to the same connected component. The values 7 and 11 were chosen experimentally and depend on the font size.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="listing">
<pre class="user">>>> from Numeric import ones</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> sew = mmimg2se(mmbinary(ones((7,11))))</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> mmseshow(sew)</pre>
<pre class="computer">array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]],'1')</pre>
<pre class="user">>>> fw=mmlabel(f,sew)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> mmlblshow(fw)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
</div>
<table class="images">
<tbody align="center">
<tr class="image" valign="bottom">
<td><img width="320" src="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_003.jpg"></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="title" valign="baseline">
<td><a href="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_003.jpg">fw</a></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<H3>Finally, label the paragraphs.</H3>
<div class="H3">
<p>
<p>
Similarly, paragraphs are closed words. In this case the connectivity is given by a rectangle of 35 by 20 pixels.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="listing">
<pre class="user">>>> sep = mmimg2se(mmbinary(ones((20,35))))</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> fp=mmlabel(f,sep)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
<pre class="user">>>> mmlblshow(fp)</pre>
<pre class="computer"></pre>
</div>
<table class="images">
<tbody align="center">
<tr class="image" valign="bottom">
<td><img width="320" src="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_004.jpg"></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="title" valign="baseline">
<td><a href="../images/img_mmdlabeltext_004.jpg">fp</a></td>
<td class="spare"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="seealso">
<H2>See also</H2>
<div class="H2">
<table class="deflist">
<tbody valign="baseline">
<tr>
<td class="term"><a href="../morph/mmlabel.html">mmlabel</a></td>
<td class="def">Label a binary image.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
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<td class="copyright">Copyright (c) 2003, Roberto A. Lotufo, UNICAMP-University of Campinas; Rubens C. Machado, CenPRA-Renato Archer Research Center.</td>
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distrib
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Mandriva
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2010.0
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i586
>
media
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contrib-release
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by-pkgid
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4a71d9984febeb5a206904a5a379841a
>
files
>
627
