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<h3>TMDA Pre-Configuration</h3>
<h4>MTA Configuration</h4>
You may need to make some system-wide configuration changes to your
MTA software depending on which one you are running.
First read the <a href="#general">General Prerequisites</a> section,
and then read the set of instructions corresponding to your MTA:<br>
[ <A HREF="#qmail">qmail/Courier</a>
| <A HREF="#postfix">Postfix</a> | <A HREF="#exim">Exim</a>
| <A HREF="#sendmail">Sendmail</a> ]
<br><br>
<hr>
<A name="general"><h4>General Prerequisites</h4></a>
<u>Extension Addresses</u><br><br>
TMDA is heavily based on user "extension addresses" (e.g,
username+extension@yourdomain.dom), and your MTA must be able
to understand them. Some of the supported MTAs do by default,
others must be configured to do so.<br><br>
The character that separates the username from the extension in an
extension address is often called the "recipient delimiter". The most
popular choices are <code><b>+</b></code> and <code><b>-</b></code>,
although the <a href="http://tmda.net/faq.cgi?req=all#3.5" TARGET="Resource Window">
hyphen is recommended</a>.
TMDA can support any recipient delimiter character though, just make sure you
use the same character for your <b>RECIPIENT_DELIMITER</b> setting in
<b>~/.tmda/config</b>.<br><br>
<u>Environment Variables</u><br><br>
TMDA receives much of its information about the envelope of
an incoming message from environment variables set by the MTA. Most
importantly, <strong>SENDER</strong> (the full envelope sender address),
<strong>RECIPIENT</strong> (the full envelope recipient address), and
<strong>EXT</strong> or <strong>EXTENSION</strong> (the recipient
address extension). In order to be reliable, TMDA needs these
<em>real</em> sender and recipient values. It can't rely on what
might be in the To: or From: headers.<br><br>
To use TMDA, you must make sure these variables are properly
set by the time TMDA sees the message. TMDA expects these variables
to be in the following format:
<blockquote><pre>
SENDER=sender@somedomain.dom
RECIPIENT=recipient+foo@yourdomain.dom
EXTENSION=foo
</blockquote></pre>
That is, just the e-mail address or recipient address extension, with no
trailing or leading whitespace, or any other extraneous characters.
As with extension addresses, some MTAs set these variables by default,
others must be configured to do so.<br><br>
<hr>
<a name="qmail"><h4>MTA Configuration (qmail and Courier)</h4></a>
No changes need to be made to your configuration in order to use TMDA.
<br><br>
<hr>
<a name="postfix"><h4>MTA Configuration (Postfix)</h4></a>
<ol>
<li>Enable the <strong>recipient_delimiter</strong> parameter in
Postfix's <em>main.cf</em> if it isn't already. Make sure the
character you choose matches <b>RECIPIENT_DELIMITER</b> in your
<b>~/.tmda/config</b>.
</ol>
<hr>
<a name="exim"><h4>MTA Configuration (Exim)</h4></a>
Edit your Exim run time configuration file as follows. Note: These
instructions assume Exim 4.x. According to the Exim homepage, Exim 3
and previous versions are now considered obsolete. If you are running
Exim 3 and can't upgrade, you'll have to find an old version of
this page.
<h5>MAIN CONFIGURATION</h5>
<ol>
<li>
TMDA uses sendmail's `-f' option to set the envelope sender
address on outgoing messages. By default this option is only
available to Exim's "trusted users". You can also add
<b>untrusted_set_sender = *</b> to your Exim configuration
which allows untrusted users use of the -f command line option.
<br><br>
If you cannot set this option for some reason, a workaround
is to set <strong>MAIL_TRANSPORT = "smtp"</strong> in your
~/.tmda/config, which will cause TMDA to send mail using direct
SMTP instead of the sendmail command, thus bypassing this problem.
</ol>
<h5>DIRECTOR/ROUTER CONFIGURATION</h5>
<ol>
<li>
Exim must be configured to understand extension addresses.
Add the following lines to both the <b>userforward</b> and
the <b>localuser</b> directors if they are not there already:
<blockquote><pre>
local_part_suffix = -*
# or "+*" if you prefer "user+suffix" addresses
local_part_suffix_optional
</blockquote></pre>
Make sure the character you choose matches <b>RECIPIENT_DELIMITER</b> in your
<b>~/.tmda/config</b>.<br><br>
You also might be interested in
<a href="http://mla.libertine.org/tmda-users/2002-11/msg00283.html" TARGET="Resource Window">these</a>
Exim specific instructions for a server-wide TMDA setup.
</ol>
<h5>TRANSPORTS CONFIGURATION</h5>
<ol>
<li>
Exim only sets the <strong>SENDER</strong> and <strong>RECIPIENT</strong>
environment variables by default. You must configure it to also set
<strong>EXTENSION</strong> using the <em>environment</em> pipe option.<br><br>
<li>
You must also have Exim add a Return-Path:
header to the message which it doesn't do by default. Do this
by enabling the <em>return_path_add</em> transport option.
<br><br>
Set <em>return_path_add</em> and <em>environment</em> as follows under
the <strong>address_pipe</strong> transport:
<blockquote><pre>
address_pipe:
driver = pipe
return_fail_output
return_path_add
environment = EXTENSION=${substr_1:$local_part_suffix}
</blockquote></pre>
</ol>
<hr>
<a name="sendmail"><h4>MTA Configuration (Sendmail)</h4></a>
<u>Gripes</u>
<ol>
<li>
The main difficulty with using TMDA under Sendmail, is that Sendmail
does not set any of the required environment variables as the other
supported MTAs do. In fact, as hard as this is to believe, Sendmail
does not provide <b>any</b> envelope recipient information to commands run from
a .forward file. In today's complex mail environments, full envelope
information in user-space is essential to support advanced
applications such as TMDA. It's not an accident why all the other
supported MTAs do this; it's a good idea!<br><br>
If you are stuck with
Sendmail and find this deficiency as troubling as I do, you might
consider sending a <a href="mailto:sendmail@sendmail.org">feature request</a>
to the Sendmail developers asking
that the full envelope information be made available to .forward invoked
programs in the form of environment variables (<strong>SENDER</strong>,
<strong>RECIPIENT</strong>, and <strong>EXTENSION</strong>). This
should be done regardless of whether the Sendmail installation has
procmail configured as its local mailer or not.<br><br>
<li>
Sendmail's default recipient delimiter is a plus (<code><b>+</b></code>) character, but
unlike the other supported MTAs, Sendmail doesn't allow the administrator
to change this default. You are stick with <code><b>+</b></code> even though
this presents <a href="http://tmda.net/faq.cgi?req=all#3.5" TARGET="Resource Window">
problems</a> that other recipient delimiters such as <code><b>-</b></code>
do not have. If you find this inflexibility troubling, consider sending
a <a href="mailto:sendmail@sendmail.org">feature request</a>
to the Sendmail developers asking that the recipient delimiter be made configurable.
</ol>
<u>Configuration</u><br><br>
In order to use TMDA, you need some way to obtain the necessary
envelope information and set the required environment variables. It
matters not how you do this, just as long as these variables are
properly set by the time TMDA sees the message. We provide example solutions
below for sites with
<a href="http://www.procmail.org/" TARGET="Resource Window">procmail</a>
or
<a href="http://www.flounder.net/~mrsam/maildrop/" TARGET="Resource Window">maildrop</a>
configured as the local mailer.
<br><br>
<u>Procmail</u><br><br>
If your Sendmail installation is using procmail as its local mailer,
the necessary envelope information is passed as a command line argument to
procmail, typically introduced by the "-a" flag. Your
<b>.procmailrc</b> will then be able to construct the environment
variables from this argument. The necessary Sendmail configuration
changes are covered below, and a sample .procmailrc is given on the <a
href="config-server.html">Server Configuration</a> page.
<ol>
<li>Make sure procmail is installed on your server, and then add the
following rule to your <b>sendmail.mc</b> file if it is not
already present (most Linux distributions already define this!):
<blockquote><pre>
FEATURE(`local_procmail', `/usr/bin/procmail')
</blockquote></pre>
<li>Now run <b>sendmail.mc</b> through <b>m4</b> to produce your new
<b>sendmail.cf</b> file, and restart Sendmail so the changes will take
effect.
</ol>
<u>Maildrop</u><br><br>
If your Sendmail installation is using maildrop as its local mailer,
the necessary envelope information is passed as command line arguments to
maildrop. Your <b>.mailfilter</b> will then be able to construct the environment
variables from these arguments. The necessary Sendmail configuration
changes are covered below, and a sample .mailfilter is given on the
<a href="config-server.html">Server Configuration</a> page.
<ol>
<li>Make sure maildrop is installed on your server, and then add the
following rule to your <b>sendmail.mc</b> file if it is not
already present:
<blockquote><pre>
FEATURE(local_procmail,`/usr/bin/maildrop',`maildrop -d $u $h $j $g')
</blockquote></pre>
<li>Now run <b>sendmail.mc</b> through <b>m4</b> to produce your new
<b>sendmail.cf</b> file, and restart Sendmail so the changes will take
effect.<br><br>
<li>If for some reason any of your $ macros are not set properly
please consult the Sendmail documentation. The example above was taken
from a Redhat Linux 9 system.
</ol>
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