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A Tour of NTL: Examples: Floating Point Classes </title>
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<h1> 
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A Tour of NTL: Examples: Floating Point Classes
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<p> <hr> <p>

NTL also supports arbitrary precision floating point with 
the class <tt>RR</tt>.
Additionally, it supports two specialized classes: <tt>quad_float</tt>,
which gives a form of quadruple precision, but without an extended
exponent range, 
and <tt>xdouble</tt>,
which gives double precision, but with an extended exponent range.
The advantage of the latter two classes is efficiency.

<p>

Here again is a program that reads a list of numbers from the input,
and outputs the sum of their squares, using the class <tt>RR</tt>.
<p>

<pre>
#include &lt;NTL/RR.h&gt;

int main()
{
   RR acc, val;

   acc = 0;
   while (SkipWhiteSpace(cin)) {
      cin &gt;&gt; val;
      acc += val*val;
   }

   cout &lt;&lt; acc &lt;&lt; "\n";
}
</pre>

<p>

The precision used for the computation can be set by executing 
<pre>
   RR::SetPrecision(p);
</pre>
which sets the effective precision to <tt>p</tt> bits.
By default, <tt>p=150</tt>.
All of the basic arithmetic operations compute their results
by rounding to the nearest <tt>p</tt>-bit floating point number. 
The semantics of this are exactly the same as in the IEEE floating
point standard (except that there are no special values, like 
"infinity" and "not a number").

<p>

The number of <i>decimal</i> digits of precision that are used when
printing an <tt>RR</tt> can be set be executing
<pre>
   RR::SetOutputPrecision(d);
</pre>
which sets the output precision to <tt>d</tt>.
By default, <tt>d=10</tt>.

<p>
See <a href="RR.txt"><tt>RR.txt</tt></a> for details.

<p>

By replacing the occurences of <tt>RR</tt> by either <tt>quad_float</tt>
or <tt>xdouble</tt>, one gets an equivalent program using one of the
other floating point classes.
The output precision for these two classes can be controlled just
as with <tt>RR</tt>.
See <a href="quad_float.txt"><tt>quad_float.txt</tt></a> and 
<a href="xdouble.txt"><tt>xdouble.txt</tt></a>
for details.

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