Åëëçíéêü Lilo mini-Howto
  Cameron Spitzer (cls@truffula.sj.ca.us), Alessandro Rubini
  (rubini@linux.it).
  v2.1, 9 Éáíïõáñßïõ 1998

  Áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï äåß÷íåé ìåñéêïýò ôõðéêïýò ôñüðïõò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ
  LILO. ¸÷åé óáí óôü÷ï íá áðïôåëÝóåé óõìðëÞñùìá ôïõ åã÷åéñéäßïõ "Ïäçãüò
  ôùí ÷ñçóôþí ôïõ LILO". Ðéóôåýù üôé ôá ðáñáäåßãìáôá åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìá áêüìç
  êáé óôçí ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ ç åãêáôÜóôáóÞ óáò äåí ôáéñéÜæåé ìå ôç äéêÞ ìïõ.
  Åëðßæù üôé áõôü ôï êåßìåíï èá óáò ãëéôþóåé áðü ìðåëÜäåò.  Ìéá êáé ç
  ôåêìçñßùóç ôïõ Lilo áðü ìüíç ôçò åßíáé ðïëý êáëÞ, üðïéïò åíäéáöÝñåôáé
  ãéá ëåðôïìÝñåéåò ìðïñåß íá áíáôñÝîåé óôï  /usr/doc/lilo*
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Table of Contents


  1. ÅéóáãùãÞ

  2. Ðñïáðáéôïýìåíåò ãíþóåéò êáé ôõðéêÞ åãêáôÜóôáóç

     2.1 Ðïõ èá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Lilo;
     2.2 Ðùò ìðïñþ íá ñõèìßóù ôïõò IDE óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò ìïõ;
     2.3 Ðùò ìðïñþ íá åðÝìâù êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò åêêßíçóçò;
     2.4 Ðþò ìðïñþ íá áðåãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Lilo;

  3. Ç áðëÞ ñýèìéóç

  4. Åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï

  5. ×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï Lilo üôáí ôï BIOS äåí ìðïñåß íá äåé ôï Root partition

  6. Ðñüóâáóç óå ôåñÜóôéáò ÷ùñçôéêüôçôáò äßóêïõò üôáí äåí ìðïñåß ôï BIOS

  7. Åêêéíþíôáò áðü ìéá äéóêÝôá ÄéÜóùóçò (Rescue Floppy)

  8. Ðåñß ôçò ÅëëçíéêÞò ÌåôÜöñáóçò



  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ÅéóáãùãÞ

  ÐáñÜ ôï ãåãïíüò üôé ç ôåêìçñßùóç ðïõ âñÝèçêå óôá áñ÷åßá ðçãáßïõ êþäéêá
  ôïõ Lilo (áõôü ðïõ åãêáôáóôÜèçêå óôç /usr/doc/lilo Ýêäïóç) åßíáé ðïëý
  êáôáíïçôÞ, ïé ðåñéóóüôåñïé ÷ñÞóôåò Linux ìðïñåß íá áíôéìåôùðßóïõí
  äõóêïëßåò åÜí åðé÷åéñÞóïõí íá äçìéïõñãÞóïõí ôï äéêü ôïõò áñ÷åßï
  /etc/lilo.conf.  Áõôü ôï êåßìåíï ðñïïñßæåôáé óôï íá ôïõò õðïóôçñßîåé,
  äßíïíôáò ôéò áðáñáßôçôåò ðëçñïöïñßåò êáé äåß÷íïíôáò ðÝíôå ðáñáäåßãìáôá
  åãêáôÜóôáóçò:


  ·  To ðñþôï ðáñÜäåéãìá åßíáé áðü ôçí êëáóéêÞ åãêáôÜóôáóç ``To Linux
     êáé ïé Áëëïé''.

  ·  Ôï åðüìåíï äåß÷íåé ðþò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Lilo óå óêëçñü äßóêï
     óõíäåäåìÝíï óáí /dev/hdc ï ïðïßïò èá áñ÷ßæåé óáí /dev/hda.  Áõôü
     ÷ñåéÜæåôáé óõíÞèùò üôáí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå Ýíá íÝï äßóêï Linux áðü ôï
     äéêü óáò                          äéêü óáò ôñÝ÷ùí óýóôçìá.

  ·  Ôï ôñßôï ðáñÜäåéãìá äåß÷íåé ðþò íá îåêéíÞóåôå Ýíá óýóôçìá Linux ôïõ
     ïðïßïõ ôï root partition äåí åßíáé ðñïóâÜóéìï áðü ôï BIOS.

  ·  Ôï åðüìåíï áñ÷åßï-äåßãìá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ðñüóâáóç óå äßóêïõò
     ìåãÜëçò        ÷ùñçôéêüôçôáò, óôïõò ïðïßïõò äåí Ý÷åé ðñüóâáóç ïýôå
     ôï BIOS ïýôå ôï DOS (áõôü åßíáé êáôÜ êÜðïéï ôñüðï áðáñ÷áéùìÝíï).

  ·  Ôï ôåëåõôáßï ðáñÜäåéãìá åîçãåß ðþò íá åðéäéïñèþóåôå Ýíá ÷áëáóìÝíï
     äßóêï (ç êáôáóôñïöÞ óå áõôÞ ôçí ðåñßðôùóç äçìéïõñãÞèçêå áðü ôçí
     åãêáôÜóôáóç åíüò áëëïý ëåéôïõñãéêïý óõóôÞìáôïò).



  Ôá ôåëåõôáßá ôñßá ðáñáäåßãìáôá åßíáé ôïõ Cameron Spitzer,
  cls@truffula.sj.ca.us, ï ïðïßïò Ýãñáøå ôï áñ÷éêü êåßìåíï.  Ï ôñÝ÷ùí
  óõíôçñçôÞò äåí ôñÝ÷åé ôßðïôá Üëëï åêôüò áðü Linux, ãé' áõôü ôï ëüãï
  äåí ìðïñþ íá ôá åëÝãîù ïýôå íá ôá åíçìåñþóù.



  2.  Ðñïáðáéôïýìåíåò ãíþóåéò êáé ôõðéêÞ åãêáôÜóôáóç

  ¼ôáí ôï Lilo îåêéíÜ ôï óýóôçìá, ìðïñåß íá öïñôþóåé ìüíï data sectors
  ðïõ ìðïñïýí íá ðñïóðåëáèïýí áðü ôï bios. ÏðïéïäÞðïôå pathname âÜëåôå
  óôï /etc/lilo.conf ãßíåôáé resolved êáôÜ ôçí äéÜñêåéá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò
  (üôáí êáëåßôáé ôï lilo).  Áõôü óõìâáßíåé üôáí ôï ðñüãñáììá ÷ôßæåé
  êÜðïéá ëßóôá ðéíÜêùí ôçò ïðïßáò ôá sectors ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé áðü ôá
  áñ÷åßá.  Óáí áðïôÝëåóìá, ôá áñ÷åßá ðñÝðåé íá õðÜñ÷ïõí óå Ýíá partition
  ðïõ íá åßíáé ðñïóâÜóéìï áðü ôï BIOS. ÅðéðëÝïí, ðñÝðåé íá
  îáíáåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï loader (ð.÷., ðñÝðåé íá îáíáêáëåßôå ôï lilo) êÜèå
  öïñÜ ðïõ ôñïðïðïéåßôå ôá áñ÷åßá. ¼ðïôå îáíáìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ôïí ðõñÞíá
  óáò êáé ãñÜøåôå ðÜíù áðü ôï ðáëéü image, ðñÝðåé íá îáíáåãêáôáóôÞóåôå
  ôï Lilo).


  2.1.  Ðïõ èá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Lilo;

  Ç íôéñåêôßâá boot = óôï áñ÷åßï /etc/lilo.conf ëÝåé óôï Lilo ðïý èá
  ðñÝðåé íá ôïðïèåôÞóåé ôï primary boot loader. ÃåíéêÜ, ìðïñåßôå íá
  åðéëÝîåôå åßôå ôï master boot sector (/dev/hda) åßôå ôï root partition
  ôçò Linux åãêáôÜóôáóçò óáò (óõíÞèùò åßíáé óôï /dev/hda1 Þ óôï
  /dev/hda2).

  Áí Ý÷åôå Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá åãêáôåóôçìÝíï óôïí óêëçñü óáò äßóêï,
  èá Þôáí ðñïôéìüôåñï íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Lilo óôï root partition. Óå
  áõôÞ ôçí ðåñßðôùóç, ðñÝðåé íá ìáñêÜñåôå ôï partition óáí "bootable"
  (÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí åíôïëÞ "a" ôïõ fdisk Þ ôçí åíôïëÞ "b" ôïõ cfdisk.
  ÅÜí äåí ãñÜøåôå ðÜíù áðü ôï master boot sector, èá åßíáé ðéï åýêïëï íá
  áðåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Linux êáé ôï Lilo áí ÷ñåéáóôåß.


  2.2.  Ðùò ìðïñþ íá ñõèìßóù ôïõò IDE óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò ìïõ;

  ÐñïóùðéêÜ äåí ÷ñçóéìïðïéþ ôçí åðéëïãÞ LBA Þ LARGE óôï BIOS (áëëÜ åãþ
  ôñÝ÷ù ìüíï Linux).  ÁõôÜ åßíáé Üèëéïé ðåñéïñéóìïß ðïõ ïöåßëïíôáé óå
  ó÷åäéáóôéêÜ åëáôôþìáôá ôïõ êüóìïõ ôùí PC.  Áõôü áðáéôåß üôé ï ðõñÞíáò
  âñßóêåôáé óôïõò ðñþôïõò 1024 êõëßíäñïõò, áëëÜ áõôü äåí åßíáé ðñüâëçìá
  üóï êÜíåôå partition ôïõò óêëçñïýò óáò êáé êñáôÜôå ôï root ìéêñü (üðùò
  èá Ýðñåðå íá êÜíåôå Ýôóé êé áëëéþò).

  Áí ï óêëçñüò óáò äßóêïò Ý÷åé Þäç Ýíá Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá, äåí èá
  ìðïñÝóåôå íá áëëÜîåôå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ BIOS, áëëéþò ôï ðáëéü óýóôçìá
  äåí èá äïõëåýåé ðéá.  ¼ëåò ïé ðñüóöáôåò äéáíïìÝò Lilo åßíáé éêáíÝò íá
  ÷åéñéóôïýí LBA êáé LARGE ñõèìßóåéò äßóêùí.

  Áí Ý÷åôå ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíáí óêëçñü äßóêï êáé ìåñéêïß áðü áõôïýò
  ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé ìüíï áðü ôï Linux, áëëÜ ü÷é óôçí åêêßíçóç ôïõ
  õðïëïãéóôÞ, ìðïñåßôå íá äçëþóåôå óôï BIOS óáò üôé äåí åßíáé
  åãêáôáóôçìÝíïé.  Ôï óýóôçìá óáò èá îåêéíÜåé ðéï ãñÞãïñá êáé ôï Linux
  èá áíé÷íåýåé áõôüìáôá üëïõò ôïõò äßóêïõò óå ÷ñüíï ìçäÝí. Óõ÷íÜ óõíäÝù
  åðéðëÝïí äßóêïõò óôï óýóôçìá ìïõ, áëëÜ äåí áëëÜæù ðïôÝ ôéò ñõèìßóåéò
  ôïõ BIOS.


  2.3.  Ðùò ìðïñþ íá åðÝìâù êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò åêêßíçóçò;

  ¼ôáí äåßôå ôï Lilo prompt, ìðïñåßôå íá ðáôÞóåôå ôá ðëÞêôñá <Tab> ãéá
  íá äåßôå ôç ëßóôá ìå ôéò ðéèáíÝò åðéëïãÝò. Áí ôï Lilo äåí åßíáé
  ñõèìéóìÝíï íá åßíáé interactive, êñáôÞóôå ðáôçìÝíï ôï ðëÞêôñï <Alt> Þ
  <Shift> ðñéí åìöáíéóôåß ôï ìÞíõìá ``LILO'' .

  Áí äéáëÝîåôå íá åêêéíÞóåôå Ýíáí ðõñÞíá Linux, ìðïñåßôå íá ðñïóèÝóåôå
  ðáñáìÝôñïõò óôç ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí ìåôÜ áðü ôï üíïìá ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò ðïõ
  åðéëÝîáôå. Ï ðõñÞíáò äÝ÷åôáé ðïëëÝò ðáñáìÝôñïõò óôç ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí,
  áëëÜ äåí åßíáé ôï êáôÜëëçëï ìÝñïò ãéá íá ôéò ðáñáèÝóïõìå åäþ. ÊáôÜ ôçí
  ãíþìç ìïõ, ìåñéêÝò áðü áõôÝò åßíáé éäéáßôåñá óçìáíôéêÝò:


  ·  root=: ìðïñåßôå íá ðåßôå óôïí ðõñÞíá ôïõ Linux íá êÜíåé mount óáí
     root Ýíá äéáöïñåôéêü partition áðü Áõôü ðïõ åìöáíßæåôáé óôï
     lilo.conf.  Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, Ý÷ù Ýíá ðïëý ìéêñü partition ðïõ
     öéëïîåíåß ìéá åðßóçò ðïëý ìéêñÞ Linux åãêáôÜóôáóç, êáé Ýôóé
     êáôÜöåñá íá îåêéíÞóù ôï óýóôçìá üôáí êáôÝóôñåøá êáôÜ ëÜèïò ôï root
     partition ìïõ.

  ·  init=: ç Ýêäïóç 1.3.4 êáé íåþôåñåò ôïõ ðõñÞíá ôïõ Linux äÝ÷ïíôáé
     ôïí êáèïñéóìü áðü ôç ãñáììÞ-åíôïëþí åíüò ðñïãñÜììáôïò ðïõ
     åêôåëåßôáé áíôß ãéá ôï /sbin/init. Áí óõíáíôÞóåôå äõóêïëßåò êáôÜ
     ôçí äéÜñêåéá ôçò äéáäéêáóßáò åêêßíçóçò, ìðïñåßôå íá Ý÷åôå ðñüóâáóç
     óôï óýóôçìá êáèïñßæïíôáò ôï init=/bin/sh (üôáí åßóôå óôï shell
     prompt ðéèáíÜ íá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå íá êÜíåôå mount ôïõò äßóêïõò óáò:
     äïêéìÜóôå ôï ``/sbin/mount -w -n -o remount /; mount -a'', êáé
     èõìçèåßôå íá êÜíåôå ``/sbin/umount -a'' ðñéí êëåßóåôå ôïí
     çëåêôñïíéêü óáò õðïëïãéóôÞ).

  ·  Åíáò áñéèìüò: äßíïíôáò Ýíáí áñéèìü óôçí ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí ôïõ ðõñÞíá
     äßíåôáé åíôïëÞ óôï init íá îåêéíÞóåé óå Ýíá óõãêåêñéìÝíï run-level
     (ôï default åßíáé óõíÞèùò 3). Áíáöåñèåßôå óôçí ôåêìçñßùóç ôïõ init
     , óôï /etc/inittab êáé óôï /etc/rc.d ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ðåñáéôÝñù.


  2.4.  Ðþò ìðïñþ íá áðåãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Lilo;

  ¼ôáí ôï Lilo ãñÜöåé ðÜíù áðü ôï boot sector, êñáôÜ Ýíá áíôßãñáöï ôïõ
  áóöáëåßáò óôï /boot/boot.xxyy, üðïõ xxyy åßíáé ïé åëÜ÷éóôïé êáé
  ìÝãéóôïé áñéèìïß ôçò óõóêåõÞò, óå äåêáåîáäéêÞ ìïñöÞ. Ìðïñåßôå íá äåßôå
  ôïõò åëÜ÷éóôïõò êáé ìÝãéóôïõò áñéèìïýò ôïõ äßóêïõ Þ ôïõ partition óáò
  åêôåëþíôáò ôçí ``ls -l /dev/device''. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ôï ðñþôï sector
  ôïõ /dev/hda (ìÝãéóôï 3, åëÜ÷éóôï 0) èá óùèåß óôï /boot/boot.0300,
  åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï Lilo óôï /dev/fd0 äçìéïõñãåß ôï /boot/boot.0200 êáé
  åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï óôï /dev/sdb3 (ìÝãéóôï 8, åëÜ÷éóôï 19) äçìéïõñãåß ôï
  /boot/boot.0813. Óçìåéþóôå üôé ôï Lilo äå èá äçìéïõñãÞóåé ôï áñ÷åßï áí
  õðÜñ÷åé Þäç Ýíá. Äå ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá áíçóõ÷åßôå ãéá áíôßãñáöï áóöáëåßáò
  êÜèå öïñÜ ðïõ åãêáôáóôåßôå ôï Lilo (ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, áöïý
  îáíáìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ôïí ðõñÞíá óáò).

  Áí ðïôÝ ÷ñåéáóôåß íá áðåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Lilo (ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, óôçí
  Üôõ÷ç ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá áðåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Linux), ôï ìüíï
  ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåôáé åßíáé íá åðáíáöÝñåôå ôï áñ÷éêü boot sector. Áí ôï Lilo
  åßíáé åãêáôáóôçìÝíï óôï /dev/hda, áðëþò ãñÜøôå ``dd if=/boot/boot.0300
  of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1'' (ðñïóùðéêÜ ãñÜöù ``cat /boot/boot.0300 >
  /dev/hda'', áëëÜ äåí åßíáé ôüóï áóöáëÝò, êáèþò Áõôü èá åðáíáöÝñåé êáé
  ôï áñ÷éêü partition table , ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåß íá ôï Ý÷åôå ôñïðïðïéÞóåé
  óôï ìåôáîý). ÁõôÞ ç åíôïëÞ åßíáé ðïëý ðéï åýêïëï íá åêôåëåóôåß ðáñÜ íá
  ðñïóðáèÞóåôå ôï ``fdisk /mbr'' áðü Ýíá êÝëõöïò DOS: óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá
  áöáéñÝóåôå ôï Linux áðü Ýíá disk ÷ùñßò íá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åêêéíÞóåôå Üëëï
  ëåéôïõñãéêü.  Áöïý áöáéñÝóåôå ôï Lilo, èõìçèåßôå íá ôñÝîåôå ôï fdisk
  ôïõ Linux ãéá íá äéáãñÜøåôå ü,ôé Linux partition Ý÷åôå (ôï fdisk ôïõ
  DOS äåí ìðïñåß íá äéáãñÜøåé non-dos partitions).

  Áí Ý÷åôå åãêáôáóôÞóåé ôï Lilo óôï root partition óáò (ð.÷.,
  /dev/hda2), äå ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá êÜíåôå ôßðïôá ôï éäéáßôåñï ãéá íá
  áðåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï Lilo.  ÁðëÜ ôñÝîôå ôï fdisk ôïõ Linux ãéá íá
  äéáãñÜøåôå ôá Linux partitions áðü ôï partition table.  Åðßóçò, ðñÝðåé
  íá ìáñêÜñåôå ôï DOS partition óáí bootable.


  3.  Ç áðëÞ ñýèìéóç

  Ïé ðåñéóóüôåñåò åãêáôáóôÜóåéò ôïõ Lilo ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí Ýíá áñ÷åßï
  ñõèìßóåùí óáí ôïí åðüìåíï:


  boot = /dev/hda   # or your root partition
  delay = 0         # or specify a delay in tenth of a second
  vga = 0           # optional. Use "vga=1" to get 80x50

  image = /boot/vmlinux  # your zImage file
    root = /dev/hda1     # your root partition
    label = Linux        # or any fancy name
    read-only            # mount root read-only

  other = /dev/hda4   # your dos partition, if any
    table = /dev/hda  # the current partition table
    label = dos       # or any non-fancy name



  Ìðïñåßôå íá ðïëëáðëáóéÜóåôå, áí èÝëåôå, ôá ôìÞìáôá ``image'' êáé
  ``other''. Äåí åßíáé áóõíÞèéóôï íá Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé áñêåôÜ kernel images
  óôïlilo.conf, åéäéêÜ áí óõìâáäßæåôå ìå ôïõò ðñüóöáôïõò ðõñÞíåò õðü
  áíÜðôõîç.


  4.  Åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï hdc  ãéá íá îåêéíÜåé óáí hda

  Ôï Lilo óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá êÜíåôå map ôï image ôïõ ðõñÞíá áðü Ýíá äßóêï
  êáé íá äþóåôå åíôïëÞ óôï BIOS íá ôï áíáêôÜ áðü äéáöïñåôéêü äßóêï. Ãéá
  ðáñÜäåéãìá, åßíáé êïéíüôïðï ãéá ìÝíá íá åãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Linux óå Ýíá
  äßóêï óôïí ïðïßï óõíäÝïìáé óôï hdc (master äßóêïò ôïõ äåýôåñïõ
  controller) êáé íá ôï åêêéíÞóù óáí standalong óýóôçìá óôïí primary IDE
  controller åíüò Üëëïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ. ÁíôÝãñáøá ôçí äéóêÝôá åãêáôÜóôáóçò
  óå Ýíá ìéêñïóêïðéêü partition, þóôå íá ìðïñþ íá åêôåëþ ôï chroot óå
  ìéá virtual êïíóüëá ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóù ôï hdc åíþ ÷ñçóéìïðïéþ ôï
  óýóôçìá ãéá êÜôé Üëëï.

  Ôï áñ÷åßï lilo.conf ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéþ ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóù ôï Lilo ìïéÜæåé
  ìå:


  # This file must be used from a system running from /dev/hdc
  boot = /dev/hdc   # overwrite MBR of hdc
  disk = /dev/hdc   # tell how hdc will look like:
     bios = 0x80    #  the bios will see it as first drive
  delay = 0
  vga = 0

  image = /boot/vmlinux  # root partition is /dev/hdc1
    root = /dev/hda1         # hdc1 at boot will be hda1
    label = Linux
    read-only


  Áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï ñýèìéóçò ðñÝðåé íá äéáâáóôåß áðü Ýíá Lilo ðïõ âñßóêåôáé
  óôï /dev/hdc1.  Ïé áðåéêïíßóåéò ôïõ Lilo ðïõ ãñÜöôçêáí óôï boot sector
  (/dev/hdc) ðñÝðåé íá óåâáóôåß ôá áíôßãñáöá ôïõ vmlinux êáé ôïõ
  /boot/boot.b  ôá ïðïßá èá åßíáé äéáèÝóéìá êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá åêêßíçóçò,
  ð.÷., ôá áíôßãñáöá óôï hdc.

  ÏíïìÜæù Áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï ñýèìéóçò /mnt/etc/lilo.conf.hdc êáé åãêáèéóôþ
  ôï Lilo êáëþíôáò ôï ``cd /mnt; chroot . sbin/lilo -C
  /etc/lilo.conf.hdc'' êáèþò ôï /dev/hdc1 Ý÷åé ãßíåé mount êÜôù áðü ôï
  /mnt.


  5.  ×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï Lilo üôáí ôï BIOS äåí ìðïñåß íá äåé ôï Root
  partition

  ¸÷ù äõï äßóêïõò IDE, êáé Ýíáí äßóêï SCSI. Ôï BIOS äåí ìðïñåß íá äåé ôï
  SCSI äßóêï ìïõ.  Ï Linux Loader, ôï Lilo, ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß êëÞóåéò ôïõ
  BIOS êáé ìðïñåß íá äåé äßóêïõò ðïõ ìüíï ôï BIOS ìðïñåß íá äåé. Ôï
  êïõôü AMI BIOS ìïõ èá îåêéíÞóåé ìüíï áðü ôï "A:" Þ ôï "C:". Ôï root
  óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí ìïõ åßíáé Ýíá partition óôï SCSI äßóêï.

  Ç ëýóç Ýãêåéôáé óôçí áðïèÞêåõóç ôïõ ðõñÞíá, ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ áðåéêüíéóçò
  (map file), êáé ôïõ chain loader óå Ýíá Linux partition óôï ðñþôï IDE.
  Óçìåéþóôå üôé äåí åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï íá êñáôÜôå ôï ðõñÞíá óáò óôï root
  parition óáò.

  Ôï äåýôåñï parition ôïõ ðñþôïõ IDE äßóêïõ ìïõ (/dev/hda2, ôï Linux
  parition ðïõ ÷ñçóßìåõå ãéá ôçí åêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò) åßíáé mounted
  óôï /u2. ÐáñáêÜôù áêïëïõèåß ôï áñ÷åßï /etc/lilo.conf ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéþ.





































  #  Install LILO on the Master Boot Record
  #  on the first IDE.
  #
  boot = /dev/hda
  #  /sbin/lilo (the installer) copies the LILO boot record
  #  from the following file to the MBR location.
  install = /u2/etc/lilo/boot.b
  #
  #  I wrote a verbose boot menu.  LILO finds it here.
  message = /u2/etc/lilo/message
  #  The installer will build the following file. It tells
  #  the boot-loader where the blocks of the kernels are.
  map = /u2/etc/lilo/map
  compact
  prompt
  #  Wait 10 seconds, then boot the 1.2.1 kernel by default.
  timeout = 100
  #  The kernel is stored where BIOS can see it by doing this:
  #      cp -p /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage /u2/z1.2.1
  image = /u2/z1.2.1
          label = 1.2.1
  #  LILO tells the kernel to mount the first SCSI partition
  #  as root.  BIOS does not have to be able to see it.
          root = /dev/sda1
  #  This partition will be checked and remounted by /etc/rc.d/rc.S
          read-only
  #  I kept an old Slackware kernel lying around in case I built a
  #  kernel that doesn't work.  I actually needed this once.
  image = /u2/z1.0.9
          label = 1.0.9
          root = /dev/sda1
          read-only
  #  My DR-DOS 6 partition.
  other = /dev/hda1
          loader=/u2/etc/lilo/chain.b
          label = dos
          alias = m




  6.  Ðñüóâáóç óå ôåñÜóôéáò ÷ùñçôéêüôçôáò äßóêïõò üôáí äåí ìðïñåß ôï
  BIOS

  Ôï óýóôçìá óôï ÷þñï åñãáóßáò ìïõ Ý÷åé IDE äßóêï ÷ùñçôéêüôçôáò 1GB. Ôï
  BIOS ìðïñåß íá 'äåé' ìüíï ôá ðñþôá 504 MB ôïõ IDE.  (üðïõ MB óçìáßíåé
  2**10 bytes, êáé ü÷é 10**6 bytes).  ¸ôóé Ý÷ù Ýíá MS-DOS partition ôùí
  350 MB /dev/hda1 êáé ôï Linux root ìïõ óå Ýíá partition 120 MB
  /dev/hda2.

  Ôï MS-DOS äåí ìðïñïýóå íá åãêáôáóôáèåß ìüíï ôïõ óùóôÜ üôáí ï äßóêïò
  Þôáí êáéíïýñéïò.  Ôï Novell DOS 7 åß÷å ôï ßäéï ðñüâëçìá. Åõôõ÷þò ãéá
  ìÝíá, ç IBM îÝ÷áóå íá âÜëåé ôçí äéóêÝôá "OnTrack" óôï êïõôß ìáæß ìå ôï
  äßóêï.  Ï äßóêïò õðïôßèåôáé üôé èá åñ÷üôáí ìáæß ìå Ýíá ðñïúüí ìå ôçí
  ïíïìáóßá "OnTrack Disk Manager." Áí Ý÷åôå ìüíï MSDOS, ìÜëëïí èá ðñÝðåé
  íá ôï ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå.

  Ãé' áõôü ôï ëüãï Ýöôéáîá Ýíá partition table ìå ôï fdisk ôïõ Linux.
  Ôï MSDOS-6.2 áñíéüôáí íá åãêáôáóôáèåß ìüíï ôïõ óôï /dev/hda1.  ¸ëåãå
  êÜôé óáí ``áõôÞ ç Ýêäïóç ôïõ MS-DOS åßíáé ãéá íÝåò åãêáôáóôÜóåéò.  Ï
  õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò Ý÷åé Þäç ôï MS-DOS ãéá Áõôü ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá
  ðñïìçèåõôåßôå ìéá ðéï áíáíåùìÝíç Ýêäïóç áðü ôïí ðñïìçèåõôÞ óáò.''
  Óôçí ðñáãìáôéêüôçôá, ï äßóêïò Þôáí ïëïêáßíïõñãïò.

  Ôé âëáêåßá! ¸ôóé Ýôñåîá ôï fdisk ôïõ Linux êáé äéÝãñáøá ôï partition 1
  áðü ôï table. Áõôü éêáíïðïßçóå ôï MS-DOS 6.2 ôï ïðïßï ðñï÷þñçóå ãéá íá
  äçìéïõñãÞóåé Ýíá ïëüéäéï partition 1 óáí Áõôü ðïõ åß÷á ìüëéò äéáãñÜøåé
  êáé ôï ïðïßï ôï åß÷å åãêáôáóôÞóåé ôï ßäéï.  Ôï MS-DOS 6.2 Ýãñáøå ôï
  äéêü ôïõ Master Boot Record óôï äßóêï, ðáñüëáõôÜ äåí ìðïñïýóå íá
  îåêéíÞóåé.

  Åõôõ÷þò åß÷á Ýíá ðõñÞíá Slackware óå ìéá äéóêÝôá (äçìéïõñãçìÝíï áðü ôï
  ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ Slackware "setup") êáé Ýôóé îåêßíçóá ôï
  Linux êáé Ýãñáøá ôï LILO ðÜíù áðü ôï êáôåóôñáììÝíï MBR ôïõ MS-DOS.
  Äïýëåøå. Áõôü åßíáé ôï áñ÷åßï /etc/lilo.conf ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïßçóá:


  boot = /dev/hda
  map = /lilo-map
  delay = 100
  ramdisk = 0             # Turns off ramdisk in Slackware kernel
  timeout = 100
  prompt
  disk = /dev/hda         # BIOS only sees first 500 MB.
     bios = 0x80          # specifies the first IDE.
     sectors = 63         # get the numbers from your drive's docs.
     heads = 16
     cylinders = 2100
  image = /vmlinuz
    append = "hd=2100,16,63"
    root = /dev/hda2
    label = linux
    read-only
    vga = extended
  other = /dev/hda1
    label = msdos
    table = /dev/hda
    loader = /boot/chain.b



  Áöüôïõ åãêáôÝóôçóá áõôÜ ôá óõóôÞìáôá, åðáëÞèåõóá üôé ôï partition ðïõ
  ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá zImage, boot.b, map, chain.b êáé áñ÷åßá ìçíõìÜôùí ìðïñåß
  íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé Ýíá óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí msdos, ìå ôçí ðñïûðüèåóç üôé äåí
  Ý÷åé óõìðéåóôåß ï äßóêïò ìå êÜðïéï ðñüãñáììá "stacker" Þ
  "doublespace". ¸ôóé èá ìðïñïýóá íá Ý÷ù ôï DOS partition óôï /dev/hda1
  ìå 500 MB.

  Åðßóçò, Ýìáèá üôé ôï "OnTrack" èá ìðïñïýóå íá åß÷å ãñÜøåé Ýíá
  partition table ðïõ íá áñ÷ßæåé ìåôÜ áðü ìåñéêÝò äåêÜäåò bytes áðü ôçí
  áñ÷Þ ôïõ äßóêïõ, áíôß ãéá ôçí áñ÷Þ ôïõ, êáé ðùò åßíáé äõíáôüí íá
  "ðåéñÜîåéò" ôïí ïäçãü ôïõ Linux ãéá IDE þóôå íá îåðåñÜóåé áõôü ôï
  ðñüâëçìá.  ÁëëÜ ç åãêáôÜóôáóç èá Þôáí áäýíáôç ÷ùñßò ôïí
  ðñïìåôáãëùôôéóìÝíï ðõñÞíá Slackware.  ÔåëéêÜ, ç IBM ìïõ Ýóôåéëå ìéá
  äéóêÝôá "OnTrack".  ÊÜëåóá ôçí ôå÷íéêÞ õðïóôÞñéîç ôçò OnTrack.  Ìïõ
  åßðáí ðùò ôï Linux ÷Üëáóå ãéáôß äåí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï BIOS. ÔåëéêÜ
  ðÝôáîá ôçí äéóêÝôá ôïõò!


  7.  Åêêéíþíôáò áðü ìéá äéóêÝôá ÄéÜóùóçò (Rescue Floppy)

  Óôç óõíÝ÷åéá, åãêáôÝóôçóá ôá Windows-95 óôï óýóôçìá ôïõ ãñáöåßïõ ìïõ.
  ÅîáöÜíéóå ôï ùñáßï LILO MBR ìïõ, áëëÜ Üöçóå ôá Linux partitions ìïõ
  áðåßñá÷ôá.  Ïé ðõñÞíåò ðáßñíïõí ðïëý þñá íá öïñôùèïýí áðü äéóêÝôá, êáé
  Ýôóé Ýêáíá ìéá äéóêÝôá ìå Ýíá LILO ðÜíù ôçò, ôï ïðïßï åêêéíïýóå ôïí
  ðõñÞíá ìïõ áðü ôïí IDE.

  ¸öôéáîá ôç LILO äéóêÝôá ìïõ ùò åîÞò:




    fdformat /dev/fd0H1440      #  lay tracks on virgin diskette
    mkfs -t minix /dev/fd0 1440 #  make file system of type minix
    mount /dev/fd0 /mnt         #  mount in the standard tmp mount point
    cp -p /boot/chain.b /mnt    #  copy the chain loader over
    lilo -C /etc/lilo.flop      #  install LILO and the map on the diskette.
    umount /mnt



  Óçìåéþóôå ðùò ç äéóêÝôá ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åé ãßíåé mounted üôáí ôñÝ÷åôå ôïí
  installer Ýôóé þóôå íá ìðïñåß ôï Lilo íá ãñÜøåé ôï map áñ÷åßï ôïõ
  êáíïíéêÜ.

  Ôï áñ÷åßï åßíáé ôï /etc/lilo.flop.  Åßíáé ðåñßðïõ óáí ôï ôåëåõôáßï:


  #  Makes a floppy that can boot kernels from HD.
  boot = /dev/fd0
  map = /mnt/lilo-map
  delay = 100
  ramdisk = 0
  timeout = 100
  prompt
  disk = /dev/hda     # 1 GB IDE, BIOS only sees first 500 MB.
     bios=0x80
     sectors = 63
     heads = 16
     cylinders = 2100
  image = /vmlinuz
    append = "hd=2100,16,63"
    root = /dev/hda2
    label = linux
    read-only
    vga = extended
  other = /dev/hda1
    label = msdos
    table = /dev/hda
    loader = /mnt/chain.b



  ÔÝëïò, ÷ñåéÜóôçêá MS-DOS 6.2 óôï óýóôçìá ôïõ ãñáöåßïõ ìïõ, áëëÜ äåí
  Þèåëá íá ðåéñÜîù ôïí ðñþôï äßóêï ìïõ.  Ðñüóèåóá Ýíáí SCSI controller
  êáé Ýíá äßóêï, Ýöôéáîá Ýíá óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí msdos ðÜíù ôïõ ìå ôçí
  åíôïëÞ ôïõ Linux mkdosfs, êáé ôá Windows-95 ôï âëÝðïõí ùò "D:".  ÁëëÜ
  öõóéêÜ ôï MSDOS äåí ìðïñåß íá îåêéíÞóåé áðü ôï D:.  Áõôü äåí áðïôåëåß
  ðñüâëçìá üôáí Ý÷åôå LILO.  Ðñüóèåóá ôá áêüëïõèá óôï lilo.conf ôïõ
  Ðáñáäåßãìáôïò 2.


  other = /dev/sda1
    label = d6.2
    table = /dev/sda
    loader = /boot/any_d.b


  Ìå áõôÞí ôçí ôñïðïðïßçóç, ôï MSDOS-6.2 ôñÝ÷åé êáé ðéóôåýåé ðùò åßíáé
  óôï C: êáé ðùò ôá Windows-95 âñßóêïíôáé óôï D:.


  8.  Ðåñß ôçò ÅëëçíéêÞò ÌåôÜöñáóçò

  Ãéá ó÷üëéá, ðáñáôçñÞóåéò, äéïñèþóåéò, åíçìåñþóåéò ðåñß ôçò ÅëëçíéêÞò
  ìåôÜöñáóçò áõôïý ôïõ HOWTO, óôåßëôå email óôçí Âïýëá ÓáíéäÜ :
  voulariba@hellug.gr Þ óôïí Åõñéðßäç Ðáðáêþóôá : evris@hellug.gr êáé
  åíáëëáêôéêÜ : ep@rocketmail.com