<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Tcl Built-In Commands - string manual page</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M2" NAME="L836">NAME</A> <DL><DD>string - Manipulate strings</DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M3" NAME="L837">SYNOPSIS</A> <DL> <DD><B>string </B><I>option arg </I>?<I>arg ...?</I> </DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M4" NAME="L838">DESCRIPTION</A> <DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M5" NAME="L839"><B>string compare </B><I>string1 string2</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M6" NAME="L840"><B>string first </B><I>string1 string2</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M7" NAME="L841"><B>string index </B><I>string charIndex</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M8" NAME="L842"><B>string last </B><I>string1 string2</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M9" NAME="L843"><B>string length </B><I>string</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M10" NAME="L844"><B>string match </B><I>pattern</I> <I>string</I></A> <DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M11" NAME="L845"><B>*</B></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M12" NAME="L846"><B>?</B></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M13" NAME="L847"><B>[</B><I>chars</I><B>]</B></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M14" NAME="L848"><B>\</B><I>x</I></A> </DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M15" NAME="L849"><B>string range </B><I>string first last</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M16" NAME="L850"><B>string tolower </B><I>string</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M17" NAME="L851"><B>string toupper </B><I>string</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M18" NAME="L852"><B>string trim </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M19" NAME="L853"><B>string trimleft </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M20" NAME="L854"><B>string trimright </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M21" NAME="L855"><B>string wordend </B><I>string index</I></A> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M22" NAME="L856"><B>string wordstart </B><I>string index</I></A> </DL> <DD><A HREF="string.htm#M23" NAME="L857">KEYWORDS</A> </DL><HR> <H3><A NAME="M2">NAME</A></H3> string - Manipulate strings <H3><A NAME="M3">SYNOPSIS</A></H3> <B>string </B><I>option arg </I>?<I>arg ...?</I><BR> <H3><A NAME="M4">DESCRIPTION</A></H3> Performs one of several string operations, depending on <I>option</I>. The legal <I>option</I>s (which may be abbreviated) are: <P> <DL> <P><DT><A NAME="M5"><B>string compare </B><I>string1 string2</I></A><DD> Perform a character-by-character comparison of strings <I>string1</I> and <I>string2</I> in the same way as the C <B>strcmp</B> procedure. Return -1, 0, or 1, depending on whether <I>string1</I> is lexicographically less than, equal to, or greater than <I>string2</I>. <P><DT><A NAME="M6"><B>string first </B><I>string1 string2</I></A><DD> Search <I>string2</I> for a sequence of characters that exactly match the characters in <I>string1</I>. If found, return the index of the first character in the first such match within <I>string2</I>. If not found, return -1. <P><DT><A NAME="M7"><B>string index </B><I>string charIndex</I></A><DD> Returns the <I>charIndex</I>'th character of the <I>string</I> argument. A <I>charIndex</I> of 0 corresponds to the first character of the string. If <I>charIndex</I> is less than 0 or greater than or equal to the length of the string then an empty string is returned. <P><DT><A NAME="M8"><B>string last </B><I>string1 string2</I></A><DD> Search <I>string2</I> for a sequence of characters that exactly match the characters in <I>string1</I>. If found, return the index of the first character in the last such match within <I>string2</I>. If there is no match, then return -1. <P><DT><A NAME="M9"><B>string length </B><I>string</I></A><DD> Returns a decimal string giving the number of characters in <I>string</I>. <P><DT><A NAME="M10"><B>string match </B><I>pattern</I> <I>string</I></A><DD> See if <I>pattern</I> matches <I>string</I>; return 1 if it does, 0 if it doesn't. Matching is done in a fashion similar to that used by the C-shell. For the two strings to match, their contents must be identical except that the following special sequences may appear in <I>pattern</I>: <P> <DL> <P><DT><A NAME="M11"><B>*</B></A><DD> Matches any sequence of characters in <I>string</I>, including a null string. <P><DT><A NAME="M12"><B>?</B></A><DD> Matches any single character in <I>string</I>. <P><DT><A NAME="M13"><B>[</B><I>chars</I><B>]</B></A><DD> Matches any character in the set given by <I>chars</I>. If a sequence of the form <I>x</I><B>-</B><I>y</I> appears in <I>chars</I>, then any character between <I>x</I> and <I>y</I>, inclusive, will match. <P><DT><A NAME="M14"><B>\</B><I>x</I></A><DD> Matches the single character <I>x</I>. This provides a way of avoiding the special interpretation of the characters <B>*?[]\</B> in <I>pattern</I>. <P></DL> <P><DT><A NAME="M15"><B>string range </B><I>string first last</I></A><DD> Returns a range of consecutive characters from <I>string</I>, starting with the character whose index is <I>first</I> and ending with the character whose index is <I>last</I>. An index of 0 refers to the first character of the string. An index of <B>end</B> (or any abbreviation of it) refers to the last character of the string. If <I>first</I> is less than zero then it is treated as if it were zero, and if <I>last</I> is greater than or equal to the length of the string then it is treated as if it were <B>end</B>. If <I>first</I> is greater than <I>last</I> then an empty string is returned. <P><DT><A NAME="M16"><B>string tolower </B><I>string</I></A><DD> Returns a value equal to <I>string</I> except that all upper case letters have been converted to lower case. <P><DT><A NAME="M17"><B>string toupper </B><I>string</I></A><DD> Returns a value equal to <I>string</I> except that all lower case letters have been converted to upper case. <P><DT><A NAME="M18"><B>string trim </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A><DD> Returns a value equal to <I>string</I> except that any leading or trailing characters from the set given by <I>chars</I> are removed. If <I>chars</I> is not specified then white space is removed (spaces, tabs, newlines, and carriage returns). <P><DT><A NAME="M19"><B>string trimleft </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A><DD> Returns a value equal to <I>string</I> except that any leading characters from the set given by <I>chars</I> are removed. If <I>chars</I> is not specified then white space is removed (spaces, tabs, newlines, and carriage returns). <P><DT><A NAME="M20"><B>string trimright </B><I>string</I> ?<I>chars</I>?</A><DD> Returns a value equal to <I>string</I> except that any trailing characters from the set given by <I>chars</I> are removed. If <I>chars</I> is not specified then white space is removed (spaces, tabs, newlines, and carriage returns). <P><DT><A NAME="M21"><B>string wordend </B><I>string index</I></A><DD> Returns the index of the character just after the last one in the word containing character <I>index</I> of <I>string</I>. A word is considered to be any contiguous range of alphanumeric or underscore characters, or any single character other than these. <P><DT><A NAME="M22"><B>string wordstart </B><I>string index</I></A><DD> Returns the index of the first character in the word containing character <I>index</I> of <I>string</I>. A word is considered to be any contiguous range of alphanumeric or underscore characters, or any single character other than these. <P></DL> <H3><A NAME="M23">KEYWORDS</A></H3> <A href="../Keywords/C.htm#case conversion">case conversion</A>, <A href="../Keywords/C.htm#compare">compare</A>, <A href="../Keywords/I.htm#index">index</A>, <A href="../Keywords/M.htm#match">match</A>, <A href="../Keywords/P.htm#pattern">pattern</A>, <A href="../Keywords/S.htm#string">string</A>, <A href="../Keywords/W.htm#word">word</A> <HR><PRE> <A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1993 The Regents of the University of California. <A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. <A HREF="../copyright.htm">Copyright</A> © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.</PRE> </BODY></HTML>
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