<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Introduction to FreeS/WAN</TITLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; CHARSET=iso-8859-1">
<STYLE TYPE="text/css"><!--
BODY { font-family: serif }
H1 { font-family: sans-serif }
H2 { font-family: sans-serif }
H3 { font-family: sans-serif }
H4 { font-family: sans-serif }
H5 { font-family: sans-serif }
H6 { font-family: sans-serif }
SUB { font-size: smaller }
SUP { font-size: smaller }
PRE { font-family: monospace }
--></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<A HREF="toc.html">Contents</A>
<A HREF="intro.html">Previous</A>
<A HREF="quickstart.html">Next</A>
<HR>
<A NAME="upgrading"></A>
<H1><A NAME="2">Upgrading to FreeS/WAN 2.x</A></H1>
<H2><A NAME="2_1">New! Built in Opportunistic connections</A></H2>
<P>Out of the box, FreeS/WAN 2.x will attempt to encrypt all your IP
traffic. It will try to establish IPsec connections for:</P>
<UL>
<LI> IP traffic from the Linux box on which you have installed
FreeS/WAN, and</LI>
<LI> outbound IP traffic routed through that Linux box (eg. from a
protected subnet).</LI>
</UL>
<P>FreeS/WAN 2.x uses<STRONG> hidden, automatically enabled<VAR>
ipsec.conf</VAR> connections</STRONG> to do this.</P>
<P>This behaviour is part of our campaign to get Opportunistic
Encryption (OE) widespread in the Linux world, so that any two Linux
boxes can encrypt to one another without prearrangement. There's one
catch, however: you must<A HREF="quickstart.html#quickstart"> set up a
few DNS records</A> to distribute RSA public keys and (if applicable)
IPsec gateway information.</P>
<P>If you start FreeS/WAN before you have set up these DNS records, your
connectivity will be slow, and messages relating to the built in
connections will clutter your logs. If you are unable to set up DNS for
OE, you will wish to<A HREF="policygroups.html#disable_policygroups">
disable the hidden connections</A>.</P>
<A NAME="upgrading.flagday"></A>
<H3><A NAME="2_1_1">Upgrading Opportunistic Encryption to 2.01 (or
later)</A></H3>
<P>As of FreeS/WAN 2.01, Opportunistic Encryption (OE) uses DNS TXT
resource records (RRs) only (rather than TXT with KEY). This change
causes a "flag day". Users of FreeS/WAN 2.00 (or earlier) OE who are
upgrading may need to post additional resource records.</P>
<P>If you are running<A HREF="glossary.html#initiate-only">
initiate-only OE</A>, you<EM> must</EM> put up a TXT record in any
forward domain as per our<A HREF="quickstart.html#opp.client">
quickstart instructions</A>. This replaces your old forward KEY.</P>
<P> If you are running full OE, you require no updates. You already have
the needed TXT record in the reverse domain. However, to facilitate
future features, you may also wish to publish that TXT record in a
forward domain as instructed<A HREF="quickstart.html#opp.incoming">
here</A>.</P>
<P>If you are running OE on a gateway (and encrypting on behalf of
subnetted boxes) you require no updates. You already have the required
TXT record in your gateway's reverse map, and the TXT records for any
subnetted boxes require no updating. However, to facilitate future
features, you may wish to publish your gateway's TXT record in a
forward domain as shown<A HREF="quickstart.html#opp.incoming"> here</A>
.</P>
<P> During the transition, you may wish to leave any old KEY records up
for some time. They will provide limited backward compatibility.
<!--
For more
detail on that compatibility, see <A HREF="oe.known-issues">Known Issues with
OE</A>.
-->
</P>
<H2><A NAME="2_2">New! Policy Groups</A></H2>
<P>We want to make it easy for you to declare security policy as it
applies to IPsec connections.</P>
<P>Policy Groups make it simple to say:</P>
<UL>
<LI>These are the folks I want to talk to in the clear.</LI>
<LI>These spammers' domains -- I don't want to talk to them at all.</LI>
<LI>To talk to the finance department, I must use IPsec.</LI>
<LI>For any other communication, try to encrypt, but it's okay if we
can't.</LI>
</UL>
<P>FreeS/WAN then implements these policies, creating OE connections if
and when needed. You can use Policy Groups along with connections you
explicitly define in ipsec.conf.</P>
<P>For more information, see our<A HREF="policygroups.html"> Policy
Group HOWTO</A>.</P>
<H2><A NAME="2_3">New! Packetdefault Connection</A></H2>
<P>Free/SWAN 2.x ships with the<STRONG> automatically enabled, hidden
connection</STRONG><VAR> packetdefault</VAR>. This configures a
FreeS/WAN box as an OE gateway for any hosts located behind it. As
mentioned above, you must configure some<A HREF="quickstart.html"> DNS
records</A> for OE to work.</P>
<P>As the name implies, this connection functions as a default. If you
have more specific connections, such as policy groups which configure
your FreeS/WAN box as an OE gateway for a local subnet, these will
apply before<VAR> packetdefault</VAR>. You can view<VAR> packetdefault</VAR>
's specifics in<A HREF="manpage.d/ipsec.conf.5.html"> man ipsec.conf</A>
.</P>
<H2><A NAME="2_4">FreeS/WAN now disables Reverse Path Filtering</A></H2>
<P>FreeS/WAN often doesn't work with reverse path filtering. At start
time, FreeS/WAN now turns rp_filter off, and logs a warning.</P>
<P>FreeS/WAN does not turn it back on again. You can do this yourself
with a command like:</P>
<PRE> echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/rp_filter</PRE>
<P>For eth0, substitute the interface which FreeS/WAN was affecting.</P>
<A NAME="ipsec.conf_v2"></A>
<H2><A NAME="2_5">Revised<VAR> ipsec.conf</VAR></A></H2>
<H3><A NAME="2_5_1">No promise of compatibility</A></H3>
<P>The FreeS/WAN team promised config-file compatibility throughout the
1.x series. That means a 1.5 config file can be directly imported into
a fresh 1.99 install with no problems.</P>
<P>With FreeS/WAN 2.x, we've given ourselves permission to make the
config file easier to use. The cost: some FreeS/WAN 1.x configurations
will not work properly. Many of the new features are, however, backward
compatible.</P>
<H3><A NAME="2_5_2">Most<VAR> ipsec.conf</VAR> files will work fine</A></H3>
<P>... so long as you paste this line,<STRONG> with no preceding
whitespace</STRONG>, at the top of your config file:</P>
<PRE> version 2</PRE>
<H3><A NAME="2_5_3">Backward compatibility patch</A></H3>
<P>If the new defaults bite you, use<A HREF="ipsec.conf.2_to_1"> this<VAR>
ipsec.conf</VAR> fragment</A> to simulate the old default values.</P>
<H3><A NAME="2_5_4">Details</A></H3>
<P> We've obsoleted various directives which almost no one was using:</P>
<PRE> dump
plutobackgroundload
no_eroute_pass
lifetime
rekeystart
rekeytries</PRE>
<P>For most of these, there is some other way to elicit the desired
behaviour. See<A HREF="http://lists.freeswan.org/pipermail/design/2002-August/003243.html">
this post</A>.</P>
<P> We've made some settings, which almost everyone was using, defaults.
For example:</P>
<PRE> interfaces=%defaultroute
plutoload=%search
plutostart=%search
uniqueids=yes</PRE>
<P>We've also changed some default values to help with OE and Policy
Groups:</P>
<PRE> authby=rsasig ## not secret!!!
leftrsasigkey=%dnsondemand ## looks up missing keys in DNS when needed.
rightrsasigkey=%dnsondemand</PRE>
<P> Of course, you can still override any defaults by explictly
declaring something else in your connection.</P>
<P><A HREF="http://lists.freeswan.org/pipermail/design/2002-August/003243.html">
A post with a list of many ipsec.conf changes.</A>
<BR><A HREF="manpage.d/ipsec.conf.5.html"> Current ipsec.conf manual.</A>
</P>
<A NAME="upgrading.rpms"></A>
<H3><A NAME="2_5_5">Upgrading from 1.x RPMs to 2.x RPMs</A></H3>
<P>Note: When upgrading from 1-series to 2-series RPMs,<VAR> rpm -U</VAR>
will not work.</P>
<P>You must instead erase the 1.x RPMs, then install the 2.x set:</P>
<PRE> rpm -e freeswan</PRE>
<PRE> rpm -e freeswan-module</PRE>
<P>On erasing, your old<VAR> ipsec.conf</VAR> should be moved to<VAR>
ipsec.conf.rpmsave</VAR>. Keep this. You will probably want to copy
your existing connections to the end of your new 2.x file.</P>
<P>Install the RPMs suitable for your kernel version, such as:</P>
<PRE> rpm -ivh freeswan-module-2.03_2.4.20_20.9-0.i386.rpm</PRE>
<PRE> rpm -ivh freeswan-userland-2.03_2.4.20_20.9-0.i386.rpm</PRE>
<P>Or, to splice the files:</P>
<PRE> cat /etc/ipsec.conf /etc/ipsec.conf.rpmsave > /etc/ipsec.conf.tmp
mv /etc/ipsec.conf.tmp /etc/ipsec.conf</PRE>
<P>Then, remove the redundant<VAR> conn %default</VAR> and<VAR> config
setup</VAR> sections. Unless you have done any special configuring
here, you'll likely want to remove the 1.x versions. Remove<VAR> conn
OEself</VAR>, if present.</P>
<HR>
<A HREF="toc.html">Contents</A>
<A HREF="intro.html">Previous</A>
<A HREF="quickstart.html">Next</A>
</BODY>
</HTML>
distrib
>
Mandriva
>
2010.0
>
i586
>
media
>
contrib-release
>
by-pkgid
>
cb04c52ccedb52ab907eaca84d718eba
>
files
>
141
