Sophie: howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0 noarch

howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0.noarch.rpm

Speech Recognition HOWTO

Stephen Cook

                scook@gear21.com
            

 - ú{êó

    htakashi@yabumi.com
  

Revision History                                                        
Revision v1.2        February 5, 2002                                   
Added more commercial software listings (sent by Mayur Patel).          
Revision v1.1        October 5, 2001             Revised by: scc        
Added info for Vocalis Speechware. Fixed/Updated various other items.   
Revision v1.0        November 20, 2000           Revised by: scc        
Added info on L and H and HTK                                           
Revision v0.5        September 13, 2000          Revised by: scc        
Initial HOWTO Submission                                                

Linux ãÅÌ©®¹ºF¯ (ASR) ªÈPÉÈèÂÂ èÜ·. JÒ¾¯ÅÈ
[UÅàüèÂ\ÈàÌà èÜ·. ±Ì¶ÅÍ, ¹ºF¯ÌîbÆ»
êçüèÂ\È\tgEFAÉÂ¢ÄLqµÜ·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

Table of Contents
1. @IÈÓ
   
    1.1. ì /CZX
    1.2. ÆÓ
    1.3. ¤W
   
2. Ou«
   
    2.1.  
    2.2. Ó«
    2.3. Rg/ÅVîñ/tB[hobN
    2.4. ToDo
    2.5. üùð
   
3. Í¶ßÉ
   
    3.1. ¹ºF¯Ìîb
    3.2. ¹ºF¯Ì^Cv
    3.3. p@Æp
   
4. n[hEFA
   
    4.1. TEhJ[h
    4.2. }CN
    4.3. Rs[^/vZbT
   
5. ¹ºF¯\tgEFA
   
    5.1. t[\tgEFA
       
        5.1.1. XVoice
        5.1.2. CVoiceControl/kVoiceControl
        5.1.3. Open Mind Speech
        5.1.4. GVoice
        5.1.5. ISIP
        5.1.6. CMU Sphinx
        5.1.7. Ears
        5.1.8. NICO ANN Toolkit
        5.1.9. Myers' Hidden Markov Model Software
        5.1.10. Jialong He's Speech Recognition Research Tool
        5.1.11. Ü¾¼Éà èÜ·©?
       
    5.2. ¤p\tgEFA
       
        5.2.1. IBM ViaVoice
        5.2.2. Vocalis Speechware
        5.2.3. Babel Technologies
        5.2.4. SpeechWorks
        5.2.5. Nuance
        5.2.6. Abbot/AbbotDemo
        5.2.7. Entropic
        5.2.8. ¼Ì¤p»i
       
6. ¹ºF¯Ìà¤
   
    6.1. ÇÌæ¤ÉF¯µÄ¢é©
    6.2. fBW^I[fBIÌîb
   
7. oÅ¨
   
    7.1. Ð
    7.2. C^[lbg
   
8. ú{êóÉÂ¢Ä

1. @IÈÓ

1.1. ì /CZX

(ó: ´¶ðcµÜ·.)

This document is copyrighted (c) 2000-2002 Stephen C. Cook.

LICENSE: This document may be reproduced and distributed in whole or in
part, in any medium physical or electronic, provided that this license
notice is displayed in the reproduction. Commercial redistribution is
permitted and encouraged. Thirty days advance notice, via email to the
author, of redistribution is appreciated, to give the author time to
provide updated documents.

CZX: ±ÌCZXª»ÌÉ\¦³êÄ¢éÀè, ±Ì¶Ì
êÜ½ÍSð, ¨I é¢ÍdqIÈ çäé}ÌÅC³µ, ¡»·é
±ÆªÅ«Ü·. ¤IÈÄzzàÂ, §³êÄ¢Ü·. 30úOàÁÄ, ì
ÒÉ Email ðÊ¶Ä, ÄzzÌÊmðêéÆ¤êµ¢Å·, ìÒÉÅVÌ¶
ðpÓ·éÔðº³¢.

All modified documents, including translations, anthologies, and
partial documents, must meet the following requirements:

|óâA\W[, ¶ÌêðÜßÄ, SÄÌC³³ê½¶ÍÈºÌð
ð«µÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ:

 E Modified versions must be labeled as such.
   
    C³³ê½ÅÍ»Ì|ª¦³êÄ¢È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ.
   
 E The person making the modifications must be identified.
   
    C³ðsÈÁ½lªÁè³êÄ¢È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ.
   
 E Acknowledgement of the original author must be retained.
   
    IWiÌÒÌ³FªÛ½êÄ¢È¢¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ
   
 E The location of the original unmodified document be identified.
   
    IWiÌÏXOÌ¶ÌêªÁè³êÄ¢È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ.
   
 E The original author's name(s) may not be used to assert or imply
    endorsement of the resulting document without the original author's
    permission.
   
    ´ÒÌÂ³, ´ÒÌ¼OðgÁÄ, ÊÌ¶ÌmFðå£µ½
    èÃ¦µ½èµÈ¢Åº³¢.
   
 E The author be notified by email of the modification in advance of
    redistribution.
   
    ÄzzÌOÉ, C³ÉÂ¢ÄÒÉ email ÅÊmµÄ¾³¢.
   
 E As a special exception, anthologies of LDP documents may include a
    single copy of these license terms in a conspicuous location within
    the anthology and replace other copies of this license with a
    reference to the single copy of the license without the document
    being considered "modified" for the purposes of this section.
   
    ÁÊÈáOÆµÄ, LDP Ì¶ÌA\W[Í, ±êçÌCZXð
    ÌPêÌRs[ðA\W[ÌàÌÚ§ÂêÉÜÝ, ±ÌCZ
    XÌ¼ÌRs[ð, »ÌPêÌCZXÌRs[ÖÌQÆÅ·¦é±Æ
    ª èÜ·. ±ÌêÍ{ßÌÚI©çÍÏXÆ©È³êÜ¹ñ.
   
Mere aggregation of LDP documents with other documents or programs on
the same media shall not cause this license to apply to those other
works.

¯¶fBAãÅ¼Ì¶âvOðWß½ LDP ¶ÌPÈéWÌÍ,
»êçÌ¼ÌìiÉ±ÌCZXðKp·é±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñ.

All translations, derivative documents, or modified documents that
incorporate this document may not have more restrictive license terms
than these, except that you may require distributors to make the
resulting document available in source format.

zzÒÉ¶¬¨Ì¶ð\[XÌ`®ÅüèÅ«éæ¤Éßéêð¢Ä,
SÄÌ|ó, h¶µ½¶,  é¢Í±Ì¶ðgÝñÅC³³ê½¶Í
±êÈãµµ¢CZXð½¹ÄÍ¢¯Ü¹ñ.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

1.2. ÆÓ

(ó: ´¶ðcµÜ·.)

The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this document,
including all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
certain purpose; in no event shall the author be liable for any
special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever
resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of
contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in
connection with the use of this document.

ÒÍ, SÄÌ¤s×ªÂ\Å é±ÆÌÃÙÌÛØ,  éÚIÖK·é±
ÆðÜßÄ±Ì¶ÉÖ·éSÄÌÛØðúüµÜ·; ÇÌæ¤Èoª 
ÁÄà, ±Ì¶ÌgpÆÌpªèÌàOÅN±é, KñÌÌ®, Ó 
é¢Í¼Ìs@s×ÉæéàÌÅ ë¤Æ,  çäéÁÊÈ, ÔÚIÜ½Í,
ÊIÈ¹Qâgp, f[^, vÌ¹¸Éæé¹QÈÇÉÎµÄìÒÍÓC
ð¢Ü¹ñ.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

1.3. ¤W

±Ì¶ÉÜÜêéSÄÌ¤WÍ»ê¼êÌLÒÌì /o^¤WÅ·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

2. Ou«

2.1.

±Ì¶Í¹ºF¯ÌwK»¡ª è, µÄÝæ¤ÆµÄ¢é©ç
xÌ Linux [Uð^[QbgÉµÄ¢Ü·. Ü½, »¡ðÁ½JÒ
Ì½ßÉ¹ºF¯ÉÖ·évO~OÌîbÉÂ¢Äàà¾µÜ·.

ÇÌæ¤È¹ºF¯\tgEFAÆJpÌCuª Linux ÅgpÅ«é
Ì©ð²×nß½Æ«É±Ì¶ð«Í¶ßÜµ½. Linux ãÅÌ©®¹º
F¯ (ASR Ü½ÍPÉ SR) Í¿å¤Ç{ÌðöµÍ¶ß½±ÆëÅ, ±Ì¶
Å³µ¢ûüÖãµÅ«é±ÆðèÁÄ¢Ü· - ASR ZpÌ[UÆJ
ÒÌ¼ûðT|[g·é±ÆÅ.  

±Ì¶Í SR ÌZpÉÂ¢ÄÍGêÄ¢Ü¹ñ, »ÌãèÉ "HOWTO" Æ¢¤
¤ÊÉWµÄ¢Ü· (±êÍ HOWTO Å·©çc). ±±ÅJo[Å«Ä¢È
¢±ÆÉÂ¢ÄÍ, »¡ðÁ½ÇÒª{âLðT¹éæ¤ÉoÅ¨Ìßð
pÓµÜµ½. ±êªLinux ãÌ ASR ÉÂ¢ÄÌÅIIÈñÆ¢¤±ÆÅÍ
 èÜ¹ñ.

±Ì¶ÌÅVÅÍ, LDP ÌA[JCuð`FbN·é©, http://
www.gear21.com/speech/index.html©çüèµÄ¾³¢.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

2.2. Ó«

±Ì¶ð©¼µ, µÄ¾³Á½ÈºÌlXÉ´ÓµÜ·:

 E Jessica Perry Hekman
   
 E Geoff Wexler
   
ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

2.3. Rg/ÅVîñ/tB[hobN

Rgâ, ñÄ, üù, ÅVîñª êÎ, Ü½, ½¾ ASR ÉÂ¢Ä`b
gµ½¢Æ«à, ÌAhX scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>
É Email ðº³¢.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

2.4. ToDo

ÈºÌ±Æª "to do" ÆµÄcÁÄ¢Ü·:

 E oÅ¨ÌßÉà¾ðÁ¦é.
   
 E oÅ¨ÌßÉæè½Ì{ðÁ¦é.
   
 E æè½ÌNðà¾t«ÅÁ¦é.
   
 E ASR VXeÌèÉÂ¢ÄÌà¾ð[À³¹é.
   
 E FFT ÆtB^[Ìà¾ðÁ¦é.
   
 E DSP Ì´Ìà¾ðÁ¦é.
   
ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

2.5. üùð

v0.1 ÅÌÄ 2000N 8

v0.5 ÅIÄ 2000N 9

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

3. Í¶ßÉ

3.1. ¹ºF¯Ìîb

¹ºF¯ÆÍ, Rs[^ ( é¢Í¼Ì^CvÌ@B) ªbµ¾tðF¯
·éÅ·. î{IÉÍ, Rs[^ÉüÁÄbµ, »Ì¾tªRs
[^É³µF¯³êéÆ¢¤Ó¡Å·.

ÈºÌè`Í¹ºF¯ÌZpðð·é½ßÉKvÈîbÅ·.

b
   
    bÍ, 1ÂÌÓ¡ð\·Pêâ¢Â©Ì¾tðRs[^Éü©ÁÄ
    º·é (b·) ±ÆÅ·. bÍPêÅ Á½è, ¾tÅ Á½è, ¶
    Å Á½è,  é¢Í¡Ì¶Å Á½èµÜ·.
   
bÒÖÌË¶
   
    bÒÉË¶·éVXeÍÁèÌbÒðÎÛÆµÄÝv³êÜ·. »ÌV
    XeÍêÊÉ, »ÌÁèÌbÒÌºÉÎµÄÍ³mÅ·ª, ¼ÌbÒ
    ÅÍ¸xª¸ÁÆ«ÈèÜ·. »êçÍbÒªêèÌºÆ¬xÅb·±
    Æð¼èµÄ¢Ü·. bÒÉË¶µÈ¢VXeÍlXÈbÒÉü¯ÄÝ
    v³êÜ·. «Ì éVXeÍÊ, bÒÉË¶µÈ¢VXeÆ
    µÄX^[gµ, wKZpðpµÄF¯¸xðßé±ÆÅbÒÉK
    µÄ¢«Ü·.
   
êb
   
    êb ( é¢Í«) ÆÍ, SR VXeÉF¯³êé½ßÌ¾tâbÌ
    XgÅ·. êÊÉ, Rs[^ÉÆÁÄÍÈ¢êbÌÙ¤ªF¯µ
    â·, êbª½ÈéÙÇF¯ª¢ïÉÈèÜ·. ÊÌ«ÆÍÙÈ
    è, »ê¼êÌÚÍPêÅÍ èÜ¹ñ. »êçÍ¶â¶ÍÙÇ·È
    é±Æà èÜ·. È¢êbÍ1Â©2ÂÌF¯³ê½¶ (á¦Î "Wake
    up") µ©È¢©àµêÜ¹ñª, ÆÄà½¢êbÅÍ 10 êÈãÆÈè
    Ü·.
   
¸x
   
    F¯uÌ\ÍÍ»Ì¸xðªè·é±ÆÉæÁÄ,  é¢ÍÜ½, b³
    ê½¾tðÇêç¢F¯·é©ÉæÁÄ²×é±ÆªÅ«Ü·. ±êÍ
    bð³mÉÁè·é¾¯ÅÈ, bªêbÉÜÜêÄ¢é©Ç¤©ð
    Áè·é±ÆàÜñÅ¢Ü·. Ç¢ ASR VXeÍ 98% ÈãÌ¸xª 
    èÜ·.  éVXeÌ¸xÌeÍÍÍ»ÌprÉË¶µÜ·.
   
wK
   
    bÒÉ·é\ÍðÂ¹ºF¯à èÜ·. VXeª±Ì\Íðà
    ÁÄ¢éÆ«Í, wK³¹é±ÆªÅ«Ü·. ASR VXeÍbÒÉW
    IÈ¾tâêÊIÈ¾tðJèÔ³¹, ärÌASYðÁèÌbÒ
    É²a·é±ÆÅwK³êÜ·. êÊÉF¯uðwK³¹é±ÆÅ, »
    Ì¸xÍüãµÜ·.
   
    wKÍ, bµûâ éíÌPêÌ¹ª¤ÜÅ«È¢bÒÉàp³ê
    Ü·. bÒªñöêÑµÄbðJèÔ·Àè, wK@\Ì é ASR VX
    eÍK·é±ÆªÂ\Åµå¤.
   
ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

3.2. ¹ºF¯Ì^Cv

¹ºF¯ÌVXeÍ, ÇÌæ¤È^CvÌbðF¯·é\ÍðÁÄ¢é
©ÉæÁÄ, ôÂ©ÌNXÉªÞ·é±ÆªÅ«Ü·. ±Ìæ¤ÈNXÍ
bÒª¢Âbðnß, ¢ÂI¦½Ì©ðªè·é\Íª ASR Ìïµ³Ì 1Â
Å éÆ¢¤ÀÉîÃ¢Ä¢Ü·. ½ÌpbP[WªgpÌ[hÉæ
ÁÄ, ¡ÌNXÉKµÜ·.

Ç§µ½¾t
   
    Ç§µ½¾tÌF¯ÉÍ, »ê¼êÌb²ÆÉTvEBhE (T
    vÌJn©çI¹ÌúÔ)ÌOãÉ¹ÌÈ¢Ô (I[fBIMÌ³
    ¢óÔ)ªKvÆÈèÜ·. F¯uªPêðó¯æéÆ¢¤í¯ÅÈê
    xÉÍbÍêÂÆ¢¤Ó¡Å·. ±ÌVXeÅÍÊÈÌÅ·ª,
    ``¹ºüÍóÔ / F¯óÔ'' Æ¢¤ 2 ÂÌóÔª é½ßCbÒÍÆ¬
    êÆ¬êÉb³È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ (ºªÆ¬ê½Æ«ÉF¯ðµÄ
    ¢Ü·). Ç§µ½bÍ±ÌNXÅÍæèÇ¢¼O©àµêÜ¹ñ.
   
A±µ½¾t
   
    A±µ½¾t ( é¢Íæè³mÉ 'A±µ½b') ÌVXeÍÇ§µ
    ½¾tÌVXeÉÄ¢Ü·ª, ÔÉÅZÌx~ðÍ³ÝÈªç '±¯
    Äº³êé' ÂÊÌbðF¯µÜ·.
   
A±µ½¹º
   
    A±µ½F¯ªÌXebvÅ·. A±µ½¹ºðF¯Å«éuÍÅà
    ìèÉ¢àÌÅ·, ÈºÈçbÌ«EðÁè·é½ßÉÁêÈû@ð
    gpµÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢©çÅ·. A±µ½¹ºF¯uÍ[UÉÙÆ
    ñÇ©RÉb·±ÆðµÜ·, êûÅRs[^ªàeðÁèµÜ·.
    î{IÉ, »êÍRs[^Ì«æèÅ·.
   
©RÈ¹º
   
    ÀÛÉ©RÈ¹ºª½Å é©Ìè`Í³Ü´Ü éæ¤Å·. î{IÈ
    iKÅÍ, »êÍ©RÈ¹Ì¶Å ÁÄJèÔ³êéàÌÅÍÈ¢Æ¢
    ¤l¦Å é©àµêÜ¹ñ. ©RÈ¹ºÌ@\ðõ¦½ ASR VXeÍ
    "ums" Æ "ahs" ÈÇ, ¬³ê½¾tÈÇÌ³Ü´ÜÈ©RÌ¹ºÌÁ¥
    â, ÷©Èû²àè³¦, µ¤±ÆªÂ\Åµå¤.
   
¹ºÆ/¯Ê
   
    ¢Â©Ì ASR VXeÍÁèÌ[Uð¯Ê·é@\ðÁÄ¢Ü·.
    ±Ì¶ÅÍÆâZLeBÌ½ßÌVXeÉÂ¢ÄÍµ¢Ü¹ñ.
   
ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

3.3. p@Æp

Rs[^ÆlÔðî·édSÊÉ¨¢Ä, ASR ÌoÔª é©àµê
Ü¹ñ. »ÝÍºLÉ°½AvP[VªêÊIÅ·.

«æè
   
    «æèÍ, ¡úÅàêÊIÈ ASR VXeÌgp@Å·. ±êÍêÊÌ
    ¶Æ¯lÉãwL^]Êâ, @¥âdÌ«æèàÜÝÜ·. V
    XeÌ¸xðüã³¹é½ßÉ, ÁÊÈêbªgíêéêà èÜ·.
   
¹º½ßVXe
   
    Rs[^ÌR}hðÀs·é ASR VXeÌ±Æð, ¹º½ßVX
    eÆè`µÜ·. "Open Netscape" â "Start a new xterm" Ìæ¤É¹
    ºÅ½ß·éÆ, bÇ¨èÌR}hªÀs³êÜ·.
   
db
   
    ¢Â©Ì PBX/Voice [VXeÍ, {^ð·©íèÉR}h
    ðb·±ÆÅdbð©¯çêÜ·.
   
gÑ@í
   
    üÍèiªÀè³êÄ¢égÑ@íÅÍ, b·±ÆÍRÂ\Å·.
   
ãÃ/nfBLbv
   
    ½Ìlª, ½^®ß½¹ (RSI), ØWXgtB[ÈÇÌæ¤Èg
    ÌIÈ§ÀÌ½ßÉ^CsOÉâèðø¦Ä¢Ü·. á¦Î®oÉâè
    Ì élÍ, èÌºðeLXgÉÏ¦é½ßÉdbÉÚ±³ê½VXe
    ðgpÅ«éÅµå¤.
   
gÝÝAvP[V
   
    Vµ¢gÑdbÌÈ©ÉÍ "Call Home" Ìæ¤Èbððß·é C&C ¹
    ºF¯ðõ¦½àÌà èÜ·. ±êÍ«Ì ASR Æ Linux Ìåv
    ÆÈé©àµêÜ¹ñ. ÈºÍÜ¾erÉbµ©¯çêÈ¢ÌÅµå
    ¤©?
   
ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

4. n[hEFA

4.1. TEhJ[h

¹ºÍärIá¢ÑæðKvÆ·éÌÅ, öx©çi¿Ì 16 rbgT
EhJ[hÈçg¦éÅµå¤. J[lÅTEhðLøÉµÄ³µ¢h
CoðCXg[µÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñ. TEhJ[hÉÂ¢ÄÌ±ê
ÈãÌîñÍ http://www.LinuxDoc.org/ É é "The Linux Sound HOWTO" ð
©Ä¾³¢. TEhJ[hÌi¿ÉÂ¢ÄÍ¸xÆmCYÌe¿ÉÂ¢Ä,
µÎµÎc_ªÜ«N±èÜ·.

ÅàãYíÈ A/D (AiO©çfBW^) ÖÌÏ·@\ðÁ½TEhJ
[hð©ßÜ·ª, µÎµÎfBW^TvÌ¾Ä³Í}CNÌ«\ÉË
¶µ, üÍÌmCYÉÍ¢Á»¤å«Ë¶µÜ·. j^â, PCI Xbg,
n[hfBXNÈÇ©çÌdCMIÈmCYÍÓÂ¤, Rs[^Ìt@
âÖqÌ«µÞ¹, Äz©ç·±¦émCYÉä×Ä¬³ÈàÌÅ·.

ASR \tgEFApbP[WÉÍÁèÌTEhJ[hðKvÆ·éàÌª 
èÜ·. ÁèÌn[hEFAÖÌË¶ðð¯éÌÍÊíÇ¢±ÆÅ·, ÈºÈ
ç«ÌIðð·ßÄµÜ¤©çÅ·. àµKØÉ®ì·é½ßÉÍÁÊÈ
n[hEFAªKvÆÈéæ¤ÈpbP[Wðl¦Ä¢éÌÈç,  È½Í
vÆRXgðl¶µÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢Åµå¤.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

4.2. }CN

}CNÌi¿Í ASR ðg¤ãÅdvÅ·. ½ÌêÉ¨¢Ä, ìã}CNÍ
±Ìgp@Éü«Ü¹ñ. üÍÌmCYðE¢ª¿ÉÈéÌÅ, ASR vO
ª¤Ü®ìµÈ¢±ÆÉÈèÜ·.

}CNð¸ÁÆ¿ÂÃ¯Ä¢éÌÍåÏÈÌÅ, nh}CNàÅPÌIð
ÅÍ èÜ¹ñ. üÍÌmCYÌÊð}¦Èªç, pÉÉbÒªÏíéêâ
F¯uÉüÁÄb·±Æª ÜèÈ¢êÍ (wbhZbgðt¯é±Æà
IðÅ«È¢Æ«) ÅàÖÅ·.

fRlCÌ éêÔæ¢IðÍwbhZbgÅ·. »êðg¦Î, ¢Âà È
½ÌûàÆÉ}CNðu¢½ÜÜÅà, üÍÌ¹ðÅ¬É}¦é±ÆªÅ«
Ü·. wbhZbgÍCAzÌ³¢àÌÆ éàÌ (m©XeI©)
à èÜ·. XeIÌwbhzð©ßÜ·ª, »êÍÂlÌDÝÌâèÅ
·.

$25 ©ç $100 ç¢Åf°çµ¢«\ðÁ½wbhZbg^}CNª¦
Ü·. http://www.headphones.com © http://www.speechcontrol.com ©çT
µÄÝÄ¾³¢.

xÉÂ¢ÄÌZ©¢: }CNÌ{[ðã°é±ÆðYêÈ¢Å
¾³¢. ±êÍ XMixer © OSS Mixer Ìæ¤ÈvOðgÁÄsÈ¤±
ÆªÅ«Ü·, »µÄtB[hobNmCYðð¯éæ¤Égp·é±ÆÉ
ÓµÄ¾³¢. ASR \tgEFAª©®²ßvOðÜñÅ¢êÎ, »
êçðãèÉgÁÄ¾³¢, »êçÍ»ÌÁèÌF¯VXeÉÅK»³ê
Ä¢Ü·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

4.3. Rs[^/vZbT

ASR AvP[VÍvZbTÌ¬xÉË¶·é±Æª èÜ·. ±
êÍ ASR ÅÍåÏÈÊÌfBW^tB^OÆMªN±è¤é©
çÅ·.

CPU ×Ì¢\tgEFAÆ¯¶, ¬¢ÙÇÇÈèÜ·. Ü½, 
ªå«¢öæÈèÜ·. ¢Â©Ì ASR Í 100MHz Æ 16MB Ì RAM ÅàÂ
\Å·ª, ¬Å·é (å«È«â¡GÈF¯XL[, Tv
[g) ÉÍ, ÅáÅà 400MHz Å 128MB Ì RAM ªÇ¢Åµå¤. KvÆ·é
«\ÌÖWÅ, ÙÆñÇÌ\tgEFAÅÍÅ¬ÀÌKvðªLÚ³ê
Ä¢Ü·.

åKÍÌF¯ðsÈ¤ÌÉ, NX^ (Beowulf â¼àÌà) ðp·é±Æ
ÍsÈíêÄ¢Ü¹ñ. isâJÌvWFNgð²¶mÈç¨mç¹
¾³¢. scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5. ¹ºF¯\tgEFA

5.1. t[\tgEFA

±±Å°ét[\tgEFAÌ½Í, ±±©ç_E[hÅ«Ü·:
http://sunsite.uio.no/pub/Linux/sound/apps/speech/

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.1. XVoice

XVoice Í³Ü´ÜÈ XWindow AvP[VÅgpÅ«é¹ºF¯Ì\t
gEFAÅ, «æèâA±µ½¹ºF¯ªÂ\Å·. [Uª}Nðè`
·é±ÆàÅ«, m©È¢Ì éÇ¢vOÅ·. êxÝè·êÎ, [
ªÈ¸xÅ®ìµÜ·.

XVoice ðg¤½ßÉÍ IBM Ì ViaVoice for Linux (¤pÌßð©Ä¾³
¢) ðüèµÄCXg[·éKvª èÜ·. Ü½ ViaVoice ð³µ®
ì³¹é½ßÉÝèªKvÅ·. Á¦Ä Lesstif/Motif (libXm) àKvÅ·.
±ÌvOÍ X Window ÆâèÆè·éÌÅ, X \[XðpÅ«éæ
¤ÉµÄ¨©È¯êÎÈçÈ¢±ÆÉÓ·é±ÆàdvÅ·, ±Ì½ß, l
bg[NÉpªÁ½}Vâ}`[UÌ}VÅgp·éÆ«Í, Cð
t¯Ä¾³¢.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉ[Uü¯Å·. RPM ðüèÅ«Ü·.

HomePage: http://www.compapp.dcu.ie/~tdoris/Xvoice/ http://
www.zachary.com/creemer/xvoice.html

Project: http://xvoice.sourceforge.net

Community: http://www.onelist.com/community/xvoice

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.2. CVoiceControl/kVoiceControl

CVoiceControl (Console Voice Control Ìª) Í³X KVoiceControl(KDE
Voice Control) Åµ½. ±ÌvOÍ[UªR}hðb·±ÆÅ
Linux ÌR}hðÀsÅ«é, î{IÈ¹ºF¯VXeÅ·.
CVoiceControl ª KVoiceControl Éu«ãíèÜµ½.

±Ì\tgEFAÉÍ}CNxðÝè·é[eBeB, Vµ¢R}
hÆbðÇÁ·é½ßÌêbfGfB^, ¹ºF¯VXeªÜÜêÄ
¢Ü·.

CVoiceControl Í ASR ðnßæ¤Æ·éo±LxÈ[UÉÆÁÄ, f°çµ
¢o_ÆÈèÜ·. K¸µà[UthÅ éÆÍ¾¦Ü¹ñª, ³
µwK³¹êÎ, ÆÄàð§¿Ü·. ZbgAbvðs¤ÉÍhL
gðÇÇñÅ¾³¢.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉ[Uü¯Å·.

Homepage: http://www.kiecza.de/daniel/linux/index.html

Documents: http://www.kiecza.de/daniel/linux/cvoicecontrol/index.html

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.3. Open Mind Speech

1999 Nã¼ÉnÜÁ½ Open Mind Speech Í½x©¼OðÏ¦Üµ½ (©ÂÄ
Í VoiceControl, »ÌãÍ SpeechInput Å, »ê©ç FreeSpeech Å·). Ü
½¡ÅÍ, I[v\[XvWFNgÌ "Open Mind Initiative" ÌêÅ
·. ¡ÌÍ®SÉ@\·éí¯ÅÍÈ, åÉJÒü¯Å·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

Homepage: http://freespeech.sourceforge.net

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.4. GVoice

GVoice Í Gtk/GNOME AvP[Vð§ä·é½ßÉ IBM Ì (t[Ì)
ViaVoice SDK ðgpµ½¹º ASR CuÅ, ú», F¯GW, «
ì, plÌRg[ðs¤½ßÌCuªÜÜêÄ¢Ü·. J
ÍêNÈãâØµÄ¢Ü·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

Homepage: http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~omega/gnome/gvoice/

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.5. ISIP

Mississippi State University Ì Institute for Signal and Information
Processing Í»Ì¹ºF¯GWðöJµÜµ½. ±Ìc[LbgÍt
gGhÆfR[_[, »µÄPûW[ðÜñÅ¢Ü·. ±êÍ@\
IÈc[LbgÅ·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

±Ìc[Lbg (Æ ISIP ÉÂ¢ÄÌîñ) Í±±ÅüèÅ«Ü·: http://
www.isip.msstate.edu/project/speech/

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.6. CMU Sphinx

Sphinx ÍàÆàÆ CMU Ånßçê, ÅßI[v\[XÆµÄöJ³êÜµ
½. ±êÍ½Ìc[ÆîñðÜñ¾, ©Èèå«ÈvOÅ·. ±ê
Í¢Ü¾É"J"Å·ª, wKÌ½ßÌ\tgEFAÆF¯u, ¹¿f
, ¾êf, ì¬Ì¶ðÜñÅ¢Ü·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

Homepage: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/sphinx/Sphinx.html

Source: http://download.sourceforge.net/cmusphinx/sphinx2-0.1a.tar.gz

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.7. Ears

Ears ÌJÍ®SÅÍ èÜ¹ñª, ASR ðnß½¢ÆvÁÄ¢évO}
ÉÍÇ¢«Á©¯ÉÈéÅµå¤.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

FTP site: ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/recognition/

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.8. NICO ANN Toolkit

NICO Artificial Neural Network toolkitÍ¹ºF¯AvP[VÉÅK
»³ê½tLVuobNvpQ[Vj[lbg[Nc[
LbgÅ·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

homepage: http://www.speech.kth.se/NICO/index.html

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.9. Myers' Hidden Markov Model Software

Richard Myers Ì±Ì\tgEFAÍ C++ ÅLq³ê½ HMM ASYÅ
·. ±êÍ L. Rabiner Ì{Å é "Fundamentals of Speech Recognition"
ÉLq³ê½ HMM Ì½ßÌáÆwKc[ðñµÜ·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

îñÍ±±ÅüèÅ«Ü·: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/comp.speech/Section6
/Recognition/myers.hmm.html

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.10. Jialong He's Speech Recognition Research Tool

àÆàÆ Linux ü¯É©ê½àÌÅÍ èÜ¹ñª, ±Ì¤c[Í
Linux ÅRpCÅ«Ü·. ÙÈé3ÂÌ^CvÌF¯uðõ¦Ä¢Ü·:
DTW, Dynamic Hidden Markov Model, Continuous Density Hidden Markov
Model Å·. ±êÍ¤ÆJpÌàÌÅ, ®SÈ ASR VXeÅÍ èÜ¹
ñ. ±Ìc[LbgÍ¢Â©ÌÖÈc[ðÁÄ¢Ü·.

±Ì\tgEFAÍåÉJÒÉü¯½àÌÅ·.

³çÉ½ÌîñÍ±±ÅüèÅ«Ü·: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/
comp.speech/Section6/Recognition/jialong.html

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.1.11. Ü¾¼Éà èÜ·©?

ãLÈOÌàÌð²¶¶ÈçÜÅ¨mç¹¾³¢: scook@gear21.com
<mailto:scook@gear21.com>. àµæëµ©Á½ç, Ðî¸¢½\tgEFAÌ
Rs[ðüèÅ«éêà³¦Ä¾³¢. ³çÉ´zàÁÄ¸¯éÆK¢
Å·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2. ¤p\tgEFA

5.2.1. IBM ViaVoice

SDK Ì¢ÍÇ¤Èé©í©èÜ¹ñª, IBM Í ViaVoice V[YÅ Linux
ðT|[g·éÆ¢¤ñ©ðµÄ¢Ü·, (JÒÆÌCZX_ñÍ»_
ÅÍö®ÉÍsíêÄ¢Ü¹ñ, à¤µæÉÈéÅµå¤. )

¤pÌ (t[ÅÈ¢) »iÅ é, IBM ViaVoice Dictation for Linux
(http://www-4.ibm.com/software/speech/linux/dictation.html ©çüèÅ«
Ü·) Ì«\ÍÆÄàÇ¢ÌÅ·ª, î{IÈ ASR VXe (64M RAM Æ
233MHz Pentium) ÉärµÄ³çÉå«ÈVXeðKvÆµÜ·. $59.95US
Å Andrea NC-8 }CNàt®µÄ¢Ü·. }`[UÅgp·é±ÆàÂ\
Å· (µ©µ, Í}`[UÅÀ±µÄ¢È¢ÌÅ, ¾ê©À±µ½lª
¢êÎÌ¨µèð@¢Ä¾³¢). ±ÌpbP[WÍÌàÌðÜÝÜ·:
¶ (PDF), wKc[, «æèVXe, »ê©çCXg[XNv
g. 2.2nJ[lðx[XÉµ½¼Ì Linux fBXgr[VÌT|
[gàÅVÌ[XÅÍ³êÄ¢Ü·.

±Ì ASR SDK Í©RÉüèÅ«, IBM Ì SMAPI, ¶@ API, ¶, ÆlXÈT
vvOðÜñÅ¢Ü·. ViaVoice Run Time Kit Í«æè@\Ì
½ßÌ ASR GWÆf[^t@C, [U[eBeBðñµÜ·.
±Ì ViaVoice Command & Control Run Time Kit Í¹º½ßVXeÌ½ßÌ
ASR GWÆf[^t@CÆ[U[eBeBðÜñÅ¢Ü·. ±Ì
SDK Æ Kit ÉÍ 128MB Ì RAM Æ Linux 2.2 ÈãªKvÅ·.

SDK Æ Kit Í±±Å©RÉüèÅ«Ü·: http://www-4.ibm.com/software/
speech/dev/sdk_linux.html

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.2. Vocalis Speechware

Vocalis Æ Vocalis Speechware ÉÂ¢ÄÌ³çÈéîñÍ: http://
www.vocalisspeechware.com Æ http://www.vocalis.com. 

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.3. Babel Technologies

Babel Technologies Í Babear ÆÄÎêé Linux SDK ðñµÄ¢Ü·. ±
êÍ Hybrid Markov Model Æ Artificial Neural Network eNmWÉîÃ
¢½bÒÉË¶µÈ¢VXeÅ·. eLXg¹ºÏ·âbÒÆ, ¹fðÍ
ÉÖ·é³Ü´ÜÈ»iª èÜ·. ¼ÌîñÉÂ¢ÄÍ: http://
www.babeltech.com.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.4. SpeechWorks

ÞçÌEFuTCgÅÍ Linux ÉÂ¢ÄÁÉ¾yµÄ¢Ü¹ñª, ÞçÌ
"OpenSpeech Recognizer" ÍI[vX^_[hÅ é VoiceXML ðgpµ
Ä¢Ü·. ¼ÌîñÉÂ¢ÄÍ: http://www.speechworks.com.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.5. Nuance

Nuance Í³Ü´ÜÈ *nix vbgtH[pÌ¹ºF¯/©R¾êÌ»i
(»ÝÍ Nuance 8.0) ðñµÄ¢Ü·. ñíÉå«Èêbðµ¤±ÆªÂ\
ÅXP[reBÆáQeÌ½ßÉÁLÌªUA[LeN`ðgpµÄ
¢Ü·. ¼ÌîñÍ±±©çüèÅ«Ü·: http://www.nuance.com.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.6. Abbot/AbbotDemo

Abbot ÍñíÉå«Èêb, bÒÉË¶µÈ¢ ASR VXeÅ·. »êÍàÆ
àÆ, Cambridge University Ì Connectionist Speech GroupÉæÁÄJ³
ê, ¢ÜÍ, SoftSound (¤p)ÉÚÁÄ¢Ü·. íµ¢îñÍ: http://
www.softsound.com

AbbotDemo Í Abbot ÌfpbP[WÅ·. ±ÌfVXeÍñ 5000 êÌ
êbð¿, connectionist/HMM ÌA±µ½¹ºASYðpµÄ¢Ü
·. ±êÍ\[XR[hÌ®µÈ¢fvOÅ·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.7. Entropic

Entropic ÌüÓÌL\ÈlÍ Micro$oft É¢æçêÄµÜ¢Üµ½. . .
»iÆT|[gT[rXÍSÄÁ¦ÄµÜ¢Üµ½. HTK Æ ESPS/waves+ ÌT
|[gÍÅ¿ØçêÄµÜ¢, ÞçÌ¢Í M$ É©©ÁÄ¢Ü·. Ã¢EF
uTCg http://www.entropic.com É³çÉîñª èÜ·.

K.K. Chin ªÉ HTK Ì³XÌJÒ (Cambridge Ì Speech Vision and
Robotic Group) ªÜ¾»êÉÎ·éT|[gðµÄ¢éÆîñðêÜµ½. 
http://htk.eng.cam.ac.ukÅÍt[Èo[WàüèÅ«Ü·. Microsoft
ª»sÌ HTK ÌR[hÌì ðLµÄ¢é±ÆÉÍÓµÄ¾³¢.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

5.2.8. ¼Ì¤p»i

æè½Ì¤pÌ ASR »iª (L&H ðÜßÄ) ß¢«üèÅ«éæ¤ÉÈé
Æ¢¤\ª èÜ·. Í Comdex 2000 (Vegas) Å L&H Ìã\ 2,3 lÆbð
µÜµ½ª, Nà Linux [XÉÂ¢Ä, Ü½ Linux ü¯ÉÇÌ»iÌ
[Xðvæµ½Ì©ÉÂ¢Ä³¦îñðêÜ¹ñÅµ½. àµ±êÈãÌ
îñðÁÄ¢êÎ, Ú×ð scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>
ÉÁÄ¾³¢.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

6. ¹ºF¯Ìà¤

6.1. ÇÌæ¤ÉF¯µÄ¢é©

F¯VXeÍ 2 ÂÌåÈªÉªðÅ«Ü·. p^[F¯VXeÍK
ð»f·é½ßÉp^[ðùmÌàÌâwKµ½p^[ÆärµÜ·.
Acoustic Phonetic VXeÍ¹ºÌÁ¥ (ê¹ÈÇÌ¹ÈÇÌ¹º) ðär
·é½ßÉlÌÉÖ·ém¯ (ºÌ¶¬, Æ®o) ðpµÜ·. ÙÆñÇÌ
»ãIÈVXeÍ±Ìæ¤Èp^[F¯Av[`Éd_ðu¢Ä¢Ü·,
ÈºÈç. »êÍ»ÝÌRs[^pZpÆ¤ÜÑÂ«, ¢¸xð
¾â·¢©çÅ·.

ÙÆñÇÌF¯uÍÈºÌæ¤ÈiKÉªðÅ«Ü·:

 1. I[fBIÌL^ÆbÌo
   
 2. vtB^O (vGt@TCY, ³K», ofBOÈÇ)
   
 3. t[~OÆEBhEBO (f[^ðgpÅ«é`®Éªð·é)
   
 4. tB^O (XÉ»ê¼êÌwindow/frame/freq.bandðtB^
    O)
   
 5. ärÆK (bÌF¯)
   
 6. ®ì (F¯³ê½p^[ÉÖAµ½@\ðÀs)
   
»ê¼êÌiKÍPÉ©¦Ü·ª, êÂêÂÍ½ÌÙÈé (»µÄÆ«Ç
«Í®SÉtÌ) ZpðpµÄ¢Ü·.

(1) I[fBI/ºÌ^¹: ¢ë¢ëÈû@ª èÜ·. nßÍüÍÌI[f
BIÌx (¢Â©ÌêÅÍ¹¿ÌGlM[) ð^¹³êÄ¢éT
vÆär·é±ÆÅ·. I_Ì»ÊÍ, bÒªÄzâ½ß§, ÌÂ«, G
R[ÈÇÌ "artifacts" ðcµª¿ÈÌÅ³çÉ¢ïÅ·.

(2) vtB^O: F¯VXeÌ¼Ì@\ÉË¶µÄ, ¢ë¢ëÈû
@ÅsÈíêÜ·. ÅàêÊIÈû@Í, TvÌõÌ½ßÉêAÌI[
fBItB^[ðgp·é "Bank-of-Filters" @Æ, ·Ù(ë·)ÌvZÌ½
ßÉ\ª@\ðgp·é Linear Predictive Coding @Å·. ÙÈé`®ÌX
yNgðÍàp³êÜ·.

(3) t[~O/EChEBOÍTvf[^ðÁèÌå«³Éª·
é±ÆÅ·. ±êÍµÎµÎ step2 Æ step4 ÖiÝÜ·. ±ÌiKÍªÍÌ
½ßÉTv«E (£ÌJ`Æ¢¤¹ÈÇð±Æ) ðpÓ·é±Æà
ÜñÅ¢Ü·.

(4) ÇÁÌtB^OÍ¢Âà¶Ý·éí¯ÅÍ èÜ¹ñ. ±êÍär
ÆKÌOÅÌ»ê¼êÌEBhEÉÎ·éÅãÌõÅ·. µÎµÎ±ê
ÍÔÌzuÆ³K»©ç\¬³êÜ·.

(5)ÌärÆKÉÂ¢ÄÍÂ\ÈZpªåÊÉ èÜ·. ÙÆñÇÍ»ÝÌE
BhEÆùmÌTvÌärðKvÆµÜ·.Hidden Markov Models
(HMM), ügðÍ, ·ÙðÍ, ü^ãÌZp/ß¹, XyNgcðp·
éû@âÔcÈ@à èÜ·. ±êçÌ·×ÄÌû@ÍêvÌm¦Æ¸xð
¾é½ßÉgp³êÄ¢Ü·.

(6) ®ìÍJÒª]ñ¾±Æ¾¯Å·.

ªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª

6.2. fBW^I[fBIÌîb

I[fBIÍ{¿IÉAiOÈ»ÛÅ·. fBW^TvÅ^¹·é±
ÆÍ, }CN©çÌAiOMðTEhJ[hãÌ A/D Ro[^ÅfB
W^MÉÏ··é±ÆÅ·. }CNª®ìµÄ¢êÎ, ¹gÍ}CNÌ
Ì¥ÎÌvfðU®³¹, TEhJ[hÖÌd¬ (Xs[JªtÉ®ìµÄ
¢éÆl¦Ä¾³¢) ð¶³¹Ü·. î{IÉ»ÌA/DRo[^ÍÁèÌ
ÔuÅÌd³ÌlðL^µÜ·.

±ÌßöÌÉ2ÂÌdvÈvfª èÜ·. 1ÂßÍ "sample rate",  é¢
ÍÇÌæ¤ÈpxÅd³ðL^·éÌ©Æ¢¤àÌ. 2ÂßÍ "bits per
second", ÇÌæ¤È¸xÅlªL^³êé©Æ¢¤àÌÅ·. 3ÂßÌvfÍ
`lÌ (m©XeI©), µ©µ, ½Ì ASR AvP[V
ÅÍmÅ\ªÅ·. ½ÌAvP[VÅÍ±êçÌp[^É\ß
Ýè³ê½lðgpµÄ, [UÍ¶É©êÄ¢È¢©¬èÏX·é×«
ÅÍ èÜ¹ñ. JÒÍÙÈélÅ»ÌASYÆÍ½ª¤Ì©ðÀ
±·é±ÆÅè·é×«Å·.

»êÅÍ, ASR ÉÂ¢ÄÍÇÌæ¤ÈTv[gªÇ¢ÌÅµå¤©? ¹
ºÍärIá¢Ñæ (ÙÆñÇ 100Hz ©ç 8kHz) Å·©ç, 8000 samples/
sec (8kHz) ÍÙÆñÇÌî{IÈ ASR ÉÎµÄÍ\ªÅ·. µ©µ, ³çÉ
³mÈügÌîñð¾çêéÌÅ 16000 samples/sec(16kHz) ðDÞlà
¢Ü·. àµ\Íª êÎ 16kHz ðg¤×«Å·. ÙÆñÇÌ ASR Av
P[VÅÍ 22kHz ÈãÌTvO[gÍ³ÊÅ·.

»µÄÇÌæ¤Èlª "bits per sample" (1TvèÌrbg) ÉÂ¢
ÄÇ¢ÌÅµå¤©? 8 bits per sample Í 0 ©ç 255 ÌÔÅlðL^µÜ
·, ±êÍ}CN¬ªÌå«³ª 256ÂÌÌ1ÂÅ éÆ¢¤±ÆðÓ¡µÜ
·. 16 bits per sampleÍ¬ªÌå«³ð 65536 ÂÉªµÜ·. Tv
[gà¯lÅ·. ärÌ½ßÉ, ¹yp Compact Disc Í 44kHz Å 16 bits
per sampleÅGR[h³êÄ¢Ü·.

gp³êéGR[fBOtH[}bgÍü^Èt é¢ÍÈµ®
Ìæ¤ÉPÅ é×«Å·. U-Law/A-Law ASYÜ½Í¼Ì³k@
ðgp·é±ÆÍÊ¿lª èÜ¹ñ, ÈºÈç»êÍvZ\ÍÌRXgª
©©è, RXgÉ©Á½\Íð\ªÉ¾é±ÆªÅ«È¢©çÅ·

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7. oÅ¨

±ÌXgÉÚÁÄ¢È¢àÌÅ, ±±ÉÁ¦½Ù¤ª¢¢Æv¤oÅ¨ª 
êÎ, scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>ÖîñðÁÄ¾³
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7.1. Ð

 E "Fundamentals of Speech Recognition". L. Rabiner & B. Juang. 1993.
    ISBN: 0130151572.
   
 E "How to Build a Speech Recognition Application". B. Balentine, D.
    Morgan, and W. Meisel. 1999. ISBN: 0967127815.
   
 E "Speech Recognition : Theory and C++ Implementation". C. Becchetti
    and L.P. Ricotti. 1999. ISBN: 0471977306.
   
 E "Applied Speech Technology". A. Syrdal, R. Bennett, S. Greenspan.
    1994. ISBN: 0849394562.
   
 E "Speech Recognition : The Complete Practical Reference Guide". P.
    Foster, T. Schalk. 1993. ISBN: 0936648392.
   
 E "Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural
    Language Processing, Computational Linguistics and Speech
    Recognition". D. Jurafsky, J. Martin. 2000. ISBN: 0130950696.
   
 E "Discrete-Time Processing of Speech Signals (IEEE Press Classic
    Reissue)". J. Deller, J. Hansen, J. Proakis. 1999. ISBN:
    0780353862.
   
 E "Statistical Methods for Speech Recognition (Language, Speech, and
    Communication)". F. Jelinek. 1999. ISBN: 0262100665.
   
 E "Digital Processing of Speech Signals" L. Rabiner, R. Schafer.
    1978. ISBN: 0132136031
   
 E "Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing". C.
    Manning, H. Schutze. 1999. ISBN: 0262133601.
   
½ÌICÅÇßéãLª éÌÅ, Institut Fur Phoneti ð`FbN
µ½Ù¤ª¢¢Åµå¤: http://www.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/~ifb/
bib_engl.html

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7.2. C^[lbg

news:comp.speech
   
    Rs[^Æ¹ºÉÖ·éj[XO[vÅ·.
   
       US: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/comp.speech/
       
       UK: http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/
       
       Aus: http://www.speech.su.oz.au/comp.speech/
       
news:comp.speech.users
   
    ¹ºÉÖ·é\tgEFAÌ[UÌ½ßÌj[XO[vÅ·.
   
       http://www.speechtechnology.com/users/comp.speech.users.html
       
news:comp.speech.research
   
    ¹ºÉÖWµ½\tgEFAÆn[hEFAÌ½ßÌj[XO[vÅ
    ·.
   
news:comp.dsp
   
    fBW^MÌ½ßÌj[XO[vÅ·.
   
news:alt.sci.physics.acoustics
   
    ¹Ì¨wÌ½ßÌj[XO[vÅ·.
   
DDLinux Email List
   
    Linux Ì¹ºF¯Ì[OXgÅ·.
   
       Homepage: http://leb.net/ddlinux/
       
       Archives: http://leb.net/pipermail/ddlinux/
       
Linux Software Repository for speech applications
   
    http://sunsite.uio.no/pub/linux/sound/apps/speech/
   
Russ Wilcox's List of Speech Recognition Links
   
    (excellent) http://www.tiac.net/users/rwilcox/speech.html
   
Online Bibliography
   
    Online Bibliography of Phonetics and Speech Technology
    Publications. http://www.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/~ifb/
    bib_engl.html
   
MIT's Spoken Language Systems Homepage
   
    http://www.sls.lcs.mit.edu/sls/
   
Oregon Graduate Institute
   
    Oregon Graduate Institute Ì Spoken Language Understanding ÌZ^
    [Å·. JÒÆ¤ÒÉÆÁÄf°çµ¢êÅ·. http://
    cslu.cse.ogi.edu/
   
IBM's ViaVoice Linux SDK
   
    http://www-4.ibm.com/software/speech/dev/sdk_linux.html
   
Mississippi State
   
    Signal and Information ProcessingÉÂ¢ÄÌ~VVbsB§åwJÒ
    Éü¯½åÊÌîñª éz[y[WÅ·. http://
    www.isip.msstate.edu/projects/speech/
   
Speech Technology
   
    ASR \tgEFAÆANZTÅ·. http://www.speechtechnology.com
   
Speech Control
   
    ¹º§äÌRs[^VXe. ASRpÌ}CN, wbhZbg, C
    X»iÅ·. http://www.speechcontrol.com
   
Microphones.com
   
    ASR pÌ}CNÆANZTÅ·. http://www.microphones.com
   
21st Century Eloquence
   
    "Speech Recognition Specialists." http://voicerecognition.com
   
Computing Out Loud
   
    åÉÍ Windows [UÉü¯½àÌÅ·ª, Ç¢îñª èÜ·. http:/
    /www.out-loud.com
   
Say I Can.com
   
    "The Speech Recognition Information Source." http://www.sayican.com
   
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8. ú{êóÉÂ¢Ä

ú{êóÍ Linux Japanese FAQ Project ªs¢Üµ½. |óÉÖ·é²Ó©
Í JF vWFNg <JF@linux.or.jp> ¶ÉAµÄ¾³¢.

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     <htakashi@yabumi.com>
   
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       JçG <jeanne@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp>
       
       ì{_ê <hng@ps.ksky.ne.jp>