Sophie: howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0 noarch

howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0.noarch.rpm

  DNS HOWTO
  Nicolai Langfeldt (dns-howto(at)langfeldt.net), Jamie Nor-
  rish ¼
  Version 9.0, 2001-12-20
  ìY nakano(at)apm.seikei.ac.jp
  v9.0j1, 2002-02-03

  ZÔÅ DNS ÇÒÉÈéû@B
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ú

  1. O«
     1.1 @IÈ±Æ
     1.2 Ó«ÆwvåW
     1.3 £«
     1.4 ÅVÅ

  2. Í¶ßÉ
     2.1 ¼Ìl[T[oÌÀ

  3. ¼OðÆLbVðs¤l[T[o
     3.1 named ðN®·é
     3.2 ]o
     3.3 ¨ßÅÆ¤

  4. tH[h (forwarding)
  5. PÈhC
     5.1 ÅàÜ¸ÅÉÞüÈ_
     5.2 ©ªÌhCðìé
     5.3 tø«][
     5.4 CðÂ¯ÄÙµ¢±Æ
     5.5 Èºtø«ª®ìµÈ¢Ì©
        5.5.1 tø«][ªã³êÈ¢
        5.5.2 NXX (classless) ÌTulbgðàçÁ½ê
     5.6 X[uT[o

  6. î{IÈZLeBIvV
     6.1 ][]Ì§À
     6.2 s³p©ççé
     6.3 named ð root ÈOÅÀs·é

  7. ÀÛÌhCÌá
     7.1 /etc/named.conf (Ü½Í /var/named/named.conf)
     7.2 /var/named/root.hints
     7.3 /var/named/zone/127.0.0
     7.4 /var/named/zone/land-5.com
     7.5 /var/named/zone/206.6.177

  8. eiX
  9. BIND 9 ÉÚs·é
  10. Q & A
  11. æènûµ½ DNS ÇÒÉÈé½ßÉ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  O«

  Keywords: DNS, BIND, BIND 4, BIND 8, BIND 9, named, dialup, PPP, slip,
  ISDN, Internet, domain, name, resolution, hosts, caching.

  ±Ì¶Í Linux Documentation Project ÌêÅ·B (ó: |óÅÍ
  Japanese FAQ Project ÌêÅ·)
  1.1.  @IÈ±Æ

  (C)opyright 1995-2001 Nicolai Langfeldt, Jamie Norrish & Co. Do not
  modify without amending copyright, distribute freely but retain
  copyright message.

  ±Ì¶Ìì Í (C)opyright 1995-2001 Nicolai Langfeldt, Jamie
  Norrish & Co. É èÜ·B±Ì¶ðC³·éêÍì \¦Éà»Ì|
  ¾LµÄº³¢Bìé¾ðÏXµÈ¯êÎ©RÉÄzz·é±ÆªÅ«Ü
  ·B

  óF|óÍìYªs¢Üµ½B(C)opyright 1998-2002 Takeo Nakano

  1.2.  Ó«ÆwvåW

  { HOWTO Ì¸Çð¨è¢µ½·×ÄÌlX (»ê¼êÌûª²¶¶ÌÍ¸)A
  ñÄâîñðdq[ÅÁÄ¾³Á½·×ÄÌÇÒÉ´ÓµÜ·B

  ±Ì¶ÍÜ¾®¬µ½àÌÅÍ èÜ¹ñB±Ì¶ðæèÇ¢¨É·é½
  ßÉAâè_â¬÷áÈÇÉÂ¢ÄMÒÉ[ðÁÄº³¢BRgE
  ¿âA»àÈÇÍ janl(at)langfeldt.net ÜÅB é¢ÍÌ DNS {ðÁ
  Ä¾³¢ (è¼Í "The Concise Guide to DNS and BIND Å·B ISBN ÍQ
  l¶£XgÉ èÜ·)B[ðèAÔMðó]·éêÉÍAÔMæ
  ÌAhXª³µ¢©AÜ½¿áñÆ@\µÄ¢é©Ç¤©ðmFµÄº³é
  æ¤É¨è¢µÜ·BÜ½[·éOÉÍK¸ ``Q & A'' ÌZNVð
  ÇñÅ¾³¢BÈ¨AªÇßéÌÍmEF[êÆpêÉÀçêÜ·B

  ±êÍ HOWTO ¶Å·BÍ 1995 N©çA±Ì¶ð LDP ÌêÆµÄÇ
  µÄ«Üµ½B 2000 NÉAÍ±ÌgsbNÉÖ·éÐð«Üµ½B
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  È±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñB±Ì HOWTO ÌÇÒÍADNS Ìðª¢©Éïµ¢àÌ
  Å é©ðÉ³¦Ä¾³¢Üµ½B»êÉæÁÄ±Ì{ÍÇ¢àÌÉÈè
  Üµ½µAÜ½êû{ð±ÆÅA±Ì HOWTO É½ªKvÈÌ©ðl¦³
  ¹çêé±ÆÉàÈèÜµ½B±Ì HOWTO ª»Ì{ðYÝAÜ½»Ì{ª±
  Ì HOWTO ÌæOÅðYÞ±ÆÉÈèÜµ½B±Ì`XðÉº³Á½±
  ÆÉÎµÄAoÅÐÌ Que É´ÓµÜ· :-)

  ó: ±Ì¶Ì v1.0 ÍA¡cMF³ñÆ¡´PÃ³ñÆª|ó³êÜµ
  ½Bìª v2.1.1 É í¹ÄXVµAÈ~ÌÇðsÁÄ¢Ü·BXVÌÛ
  ÉÍA²Ó©ð¢½¾¢½¡´³ñE¡³ñEÔ³ñE´³ñAZ³ð
  µÄ¾³Á½·Jì³ñEä³ñðÍ¶ßA JF-ML ÌF³ñÉ¨¢bÉ
  ÈèÜµ½B

  |óÉÖ·éRgÍ nakano(at)apm.seikei.ac.jp ÜÅ¨è¢µÜ·B
  DNS ÉÖ·éú{êÅÌ¿âæÆµÄÍ linux-users [OXg
  <http://www.linux.or.jp/community/ml/linux-users/> â
  fj.os.linux.networking, fj.net.ip.dns ÈÇªKÅµå¤B

  1.3.  £«

  ±Ì HOWTO ¶ð Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt Éù°éBÆ¢ÁÄàÞ
  ª±Ì¶ðÇÞ±ÆÍ³¢¾ë¤¯ÇB»¤¢Á½ÞÌÌq¶áÈ¢©ç
  È B

  1.4.  ÅVÅ

  ±Ì HOWTO ÌXVÅÍA <http://langfeldt.net/DNS-HOWTO/> Ü½Í
  <http://www.linuxdoc.org/> Å©Â©éÍ¸Å·B±Ì¶ª 9 ©ÈãO
  Ìút¾Á½çA±¿çÉsÁÄ¾³¢B

  2.  Í¶ßÉ

  ±Ì¶Í½Å ÁÄ½ÅÍÈ¢©B

  DNS ÆÍ Domain Name System Ì±ÆÅ·B DNS Í}VÌ¼Oð IP Ô
  (lbg[NãÌ}VÉÍK¸±ÌÔªt¢Ä¢Ü·) ÉÏ·µÜ·B
  DNS Í¼O©çAhXÖÌAÜ½AhX©ç¼OÖÌ|ó ( é¢ÍÔ
  ¤¿Ì¾tÅ¢¦Îu}bvv) ÈÇðs¢Ü·B±Ì HOWTO ¶Å
  ÍAUnix VXeðp¢Ä±Ìæ¤È}bvðè`·éû@ÉÂ¢ÄLqµ
  Ü·BÈ¨ Linux ÉÁLÈ±Æªçà¢Â©ÜÜêÄ¢Ü·B

  u}bvvÆÍAPÉñÂÌàÌðÑÂ¯é±ÆÅ·B±±ÅÍ
  ftp.linux.org Æ¢Á½æ¤È}VÌ¼OÆA»Ì}VÌ IP Ô (IP
  AhX) Å é 199.249.150.4 Ìæ¤ÈlðÑÂ¯é±ÆÉÈèÜ·B
  DNS ÉÍtü«Ì}bvàÜÜêÜ·B·Èí¿AIP Ô©ç}VÌ¼O
  ÖÌÏ·Å·B±êÍutø«vÆÄÎêÄ¢Ü·B

  SÒ ( È½ ;-) ÉÆÁÄ DNS ÍAlbg[NÇÌÈ©Åàí©èÉ
  ¢ªÌêÂÅ·BK¢ DNS ÍÀÛÉÍ»êÙÇïµÍ èÜ¹ñB±
  Ì HOWTO ÅÍA¢Â©Ì¿ð½ÈèÆàí©éæ¤Éµ½¢ÆvÁÄ
  ¢Ü·BÈPÈ DNS l[T[oðÝè·éû@àà¾µÜ·BÜ¸Lb
  VêpÌT[o©çÍ¶ßÄA éhCÉÎ·évC} DNS T[
  oðÝèµÄ¢«Ü·BàÁÆ¡GÈÝèðsÈ¤êÉÍA±Ì¶Ì ``Q
  & A'' ÌÍðQÆµÄ¾³¢B»±Éà¢Ä¢È©Á½çAàÁÆ¿áñ
  Æµ½¶£ðÇÞKvª éÅµå¤Bu¿áñÆµ½¶£vÉÂ¢ÄÍA
  ``æènûµ½ÇÒÉÈé½ßÉ'' ÌÍÅà¾µÜ·B

  DNS ÉÂ¢ÄÌìÆðnßéOÉA È½Ì}VðÝèµÄA telnet ÅÌ
  oüèâlbgÖÌeíÚ±ªÅ«éæ¤ÉµÄ¨¢Ä¾³¢BÁÉ
  telnet 127.0.0.1 ÅA»ÝÌ}V©gÉOCÅ«éæ¤ÉµÄ¾³
  ¢ (¡·®eXg!)BÜ½ /etc/nsswitch.conf ( é¢Í
  /etc/host.conf)A /etc/resolv.confA /etc/hosts ÈÇÌt@CÉÎµ
  ÄA³µ¢ÝèðµÄ¨¢Ä¾³¢B±êçÌ@\ÉÂ¢ÄÍ±Ì¶ÅÍ
  à¾µÜ¹ñBÈãÌõªÅ«Ä¢È¢êÍA Networking-HOWTO â
  Networking-Overview-HOWTO Éà¾ª èÜ·©çA¿áñÆÇñÅÝèµÄ
  ¨¢Ä¾³¢B

  ±Ì¶Åu È½Ì}VvÆ¢Ä Á½êA»êÍ DNS ð®ì³¹
  æ¤ÆµÄ¢é}Vðw·àÌÆµÜ·B¼Éàlbg[NÉÂÈªÁÄ
  ¢é È½Ì}VÍ éÅµå¤¯ÇA»êÌ±ÆÅÍ èÜ¹ñB

   È½Ì}Vª®µÄ¢élbg[NÉÍA¼Oø«ðubN·éæ
  ¤ÈhÎÇ (t@CAEH[) Í¶ÝµÈ¢àÌÆµÜ·Bt@CAEH[
  àÉ¢éêÉÍÁÊÈÝèªKvÉÈèÜ·B ``Q & A'' ÌÍð©Ä
  ¾³¢B

  UNIX VXeÅÌ¼Oø«ÌT[rXÍ named ÆÄÎêévOÉæÁ
  ÄÀ»³êÜ·B±êÍ Internet Software Consortium Ì ``BIND'' pbP
  [WÉÜÜêévOÅ·B named ÍAÙÆñÇÌ Linux fBXg
  r[VÉÜÜêÄ¢Ü·B½¢Ä¢Í BIND Æ¢¤¼OÌpbP[WÉ
  üÁÄ¢Ä (å¶¬¶ÍeiÌCªæÅµå¤ª)A
  /usr/sbin/named ÆµÄCXg[³êÜ·B

  àµ named ª·ÅÉ êÎA»êðg¦Î¢¢Åµå¤Bàµ³¢êÉÍ
  Linux Ì ftp TCg©çoCiðüè·é©AÅVÌ (»µÄÅÌ) \
  [Xð <ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/> ©çüèµÜµå¤B±Ì HOWTO
  ÅÍ BIND Ì version 9 ðÎÛÉµÄ¢Ü·B BIND 4 â 8 ðÎÛÉµ½Ã
  ¢o[WÌ HOWTO Í <http://www.math.uio.no/~janl/DNS/> É èÜ·
  ÌÅA BIND 4 ðgÁÄ¢élÍ±¿çðQÆµÄ¾³¢ (Â¢ÅÉ±Ì
  HOWTO àêÉ¨¢Ä èÜ·)B named Ì man y[W (ÅãÌûÉ é
  FILES ZNV) É named.conf ÉÖ·éLqª êÎA È½ÌgÁÄ¢
  éÌÍ BIND 8 Ü½Í 9 Å·BtÉ named.boot ÉÖ·éLqª êÎ BIND
  4 Å·BZLeBÉCðgíÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢lÅA 4 ðgÁÄ¢éê
  ÍAÅVÌ BIND 8 â 9 ÉAbvO[h·é×«Åµå¤B¡·®ÉA
  Å·B

  (ó) ÅãÍ¿åÁÆÓ©Ìª©êéÆ±ë©àmêÜ¹ñBá¦Î\[X
  xÅÌZLeB`FbNðsÁÄ¢é±ÆÅmçêé OpenBSD Å
  ÍAÜ¾ËRÆµÄ BIND 4 ª»ðÌ named ¾Á½èµÜ·B

  DNS Ílbg[NSÌÉLªéf[^x[XÅ·Bf[^Ìo^ÍTdÉs
  È¢Üµå¤BÏÈàeðo^·éÆA È½à¼ÌlBàÀfµÜ·B^Ê
  ÚÉ¿áñÆ^p·êÎA DNS Í¶bðà½çµÄêéÍ¸Å·B DNS Ì
  g¢ûAÇÌdûAfobOÌâè©½ðwÑAÇ¢ÇÒÉÈÁÄ¾³
  ¢BÝè~XÅlbgðÆµ½è·é±ÆªÈ¢æ¤ÉµÜµå¤ËB

  Ó: ªÏX·éæ¤Éw¦µ½t@Cª·ÅÉ¶ÝµÄ¢½çA±êç
  ÌobNAbvðæÁÄ¨«Üµå¤BìÆÌÊª¤Ü¢©È©Á½ê
  ÉA³Ì®¢Ä¢éóÔÉß·±ÆªÅ«éæ¤É·é½ßÅ·B

  2.1.  ¼Ìl[T[oÌÀ

  ±ÌßÍ Joost van Baal ª«Üµ½B

   È½Ì}Vð DNS T[oÉ·épbP[WÍ½íÞ©¶ÝµÄ¢Ü·B
  Ü¸ BIND pbP[W ( <http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/>)A±Ì
  HOWTO ªÎÛÆµÄ¢éÀÅ·BàÁÆàLgíêÄ¢él[T[o
  ÅA 1980 Nã©çoêAyµÄ«Üµ½B»ÝC^[lbgÅl[T
  [rXðñµÄ¢é}VÌåªª BIND ðgÁÄ¢Ü·B BIND Í BSD
  CZXÅzz³êÄ¢Ü·BàÁÆàLgíêÄ¢épbP[WÅ·©
  çA BIND ÉÖ·é¶âm¯à½³ñ¶ÝµÜ·Bµ©µABIND ÉÍZ
  LeBãÌâèª¶¶½±Æà èÜµ½B

  »ê©ç djbdns ( <http://djbdns.org/>) Æ¢¤Ìà èÜ·BärIVµ
  ¢ DNS pbP[WÅADaniel J. Bernstein (qmail ÌìÒÅà èÜ·) ª
  «Üµ½B djbdns ÍñíÉW[»³êÄ¢Ü·B¢ÂàÌ¬³È
  vOªAl[T[oÌµ¤×«dÌ»ê¼êÌªðµ¤ÌÅ·B
  djbdns ÍZLeBðOªÉ¨¢ÄÝv³êÄ¢Ü·B][t@CÌ
  tH[}bgÍæèPÅAÜ½åïÌêÍÝèàÈPÅ·Bµ©µ Üè
  L¼ÅÍÈ¢½ßÉA È½ÌßÌOÉæé¯ÍA±ÌvOÉÖ
  µÄÍ¾çêÈ¢©àµêÜ¹ñBcOÈªçA±Ì\tgEFAÍI[v
  \[XÅÍ èÜ¹ñBìÒÉæéé`Í
  <http://cr.yp.to/djbdns/ad.html> É èÜ·B

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   éÌ©Ç¤©ÍAÈc_ÌÎÛÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·B BIND vs djbdns ÉÖ
  ·é¢_ ( é¢Ít[EH[?) ÍA <http://www.isc.org/ml-
  archives/bind-users/2000/08/msg01075.html> É èÜ·B

  3.  ¼OðÆLbVðs¤l[T[o

  DNS ÝèÌÅÌêàB_CAAbvEP[ufEADSL ÈÇÌ[
  UÉÍÆÄàÖÅ·B

  Red Hat âARed Hat ÉÖAµ½fBXgr[VÅÍA bind pbP
  [WEbind-utils pbP[WE caching-nameserver pbP[WðCXg
  [·é¾¯ÅA±Ì HOWTO ÌÅÌZNVÌÊÆ¯¶àÌª¾çê
  Ü·B Debian ðgÁÄ¢éÈç bind Æ bind-doc ðCXg[·é¾¯
  Å· ( é¢ÍOÒÉÎµÄÍ bind9B±Ì¶Ì·MÅÍADebian ÌÀ
  èÅ (potato) Í BIND 9 ðT|[gµÄ¢Ü¹ñ)Bà¿ëñ±êçÌpb
  P[WðCXg[·é¾¯ÅÍA±Ì HOWTO ðÇÞ±ÆÉæÁÄ¾çê
  ém¯ÍèÉüèÜ¹ñBÅ·ÌÅAÜ¸pbP[WðCXg[µA»±
  ÅCXg[³ê½t@Cð²×ÈªçAÇÝiñÅ¢ÌªÇ¢Åµå
  ¤B

  LbVêpÌl[T[oÆÍA¼Oø«ÌÊðL¯µÄ¨«AñÌ
  â¢í¹ÌÉ»ÌL¯ðgÁÄ¦éàÌÅ·Bñ©çÌâ¢í¹É
  Î·éÍ (ÁÉx¢ñüðgÁÄ¢éêÉÍ) ÆÄà¬ÈèÜ·B

  Ü¸ÅÉ /etc/named.conf Æ¢¤t@CªKvÅ· (Debian ÅÍ
  /etc/bind/named.conf)B named ÍN®·éÆÜ¸±Ìt@CðÇÝÝÜ
  ·B»ÝÌÆ±ëÍAÌæ¤ÈÈPÈàÌÅæ¢Åµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // Config file for caching only name server
  //
  // The version of the HOWTO you read may contain leading spaces
  // (spaces in front of the characters on these lines ) in this and
  // other files.  You must remove them for things to work.
  //
  // Note that the filenames and directory names may differ, the
  // ultimate contents of should be quite similar though.

  options {
          directory "/var/named";

          // Uncommenting this might help if you have to go through a
          // firewall and things are not working out.  But you probably
          // need to talk to your firewall admin.

          // query-source port 53;
  };

  controls {
          inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndc_key; };
  };

  key "rndc_key" {
          algorithm hmac-md5;
          secret "c3Ryb25nIGVub3VnaCBmb3IgYSBtYW4gYnV0IG1hZGUgZm9yIGEgd29tYW4K";
  };

  zone "." {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "pz/127.0.0";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Linux fBXgr[VÌpbP[WÅÍA±±ÅÐî·é»ê¼êÌ
  t@CÉAÊÌ¼OðÂ¯Ä¢é©àµêÜ¹ñBÅààeÍ¯¶Í¸Å
  ·B

  directory ÌsÍA named ªQÆ·ét@CÌu«êðwè·éàÌÅ
  ·B±êÈ~Ì·×ÄÌt@C¼Í±±©çÌÎpXÆÈèÜ·B·Èí
  ¿fBNg pz Í /var/named ÈºÉ èAtpXÅ\L·êÎ
  /var/named/pz Æ¢¤±ÆÉÈèÜ·B /var/named Í Linux Filesystem
  Standard Éµ½³µ¢fBNg¼Å·B

  /var/named/root.hints Æ¢¤t@CÌ¼OÍ±±Åt¯çêÄ¢Ü·B±
  Ìt@CÌgÍÌæ¤ÉÈèÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; There might be opening comments here if you already have this file.
  ; If not don't worry.
  ;
  ; About any leading spaces in front of the lines here: remove them!
  ; Lines should start in a ;, . or character, not blanks.
  ;
  ; ·ÅÉ±Ìt@Cª Á½êÍA±±ÉJnRgª é©à
  ; µêÜ¹ñBÈÄàâèÍ èÜ¹ñB
  ;
  ; sªÉó¶ª Á½êÍAíµÄ¾³¢! esÍ ;A.
  ; Ü½Í¶ÅnÜèÜ·BóÅnÜé±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñB
  ;
  .                       6D  IN      NS      A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D  IN      NS      M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.41.0.4
  B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.9.0.107
  C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.33.4.12
  D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.8.10.90
  E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.203.230.10
  F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.5.5.241
  G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.112.36.4
  H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       128.63.2.53
  I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       192.36.148.17
  J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.41.0.10
  K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       193.0.14.129
  L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       198.32.64.12
  M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D  IN      A       202.12.27.33
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ±Ìt@CÉÍ¢EÌ[gl[T[oðLqµÜ·B±êÍÔÆÆ
  àÉÏ»µÄ¢ÌÅAÆ«Ç«XV·éKvª èÜ·BXVÌû@Í
  ``eiX'' ÌÍð©Ä¾³¢B

  named.conf ÌöÌûÉÍ zone ZNVª èÜ·B±Ìp@ÉÂ¢
  ÄÍãÌÍÅq×éÂàèÅ·ÌÅA¡ÌÆ±ëÍÈºÌæ¤ÈàeÌt@C
  ð pz TufBNgÉ 127.0.0 Æ¢¤¼OÅìÁÄ¨¢Ä¾³¢B
  (±±ÅàJbgAhy[Xg·éÆ«ÉÍæªÌXy[Xðæèæ¤
  ÉµÄ¾³¢)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                  1       ; Serial
                                  8H      ; Refresh
                                  2H      ; Retry
                                  4W      ; Expire
                                  1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  key â control Æ¢Á½¼OªÂ¢½ZNVÍA±ÌñÂÅàÁÄA±
  Ì named ª[g©ç§äÅ«é±ÆðwèµÄ¢Ü· (rndc Æ¢¤v
  Oªp¢çêÜ·)B±±ÅÍ[JzXg©çÌÚ±ÅÈ¯êÎÈç
  ¸AGR[h³ê½é§®ÅÌFØªKvÉÈèÜ·B±Ì®ÍpX[h
  Ìæ¤ÈàÌÅ·B rndc ª@\·éÉÍA±Ì®É}b`·é
  /etc/rndc.conf ªKvÉÈèÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  key rndc_key {
      algorithm "hmac-md5";
      secret "c3Ryb25nIGVub3VnaCBmb3IgYSBtYW4gYnV0IG1hZGUgZm9yIGEgd29tYW4K";
  };

  options {
      default-server localhost;
      default-key    rndc_key;
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ©Äí©éæ¤ÉAsecret ÌwèÍ¯êÅ·B rndc ð¼Ì}V©çg¤
  êÍA»êçÌvÍ 5 ªÈàÉïÁÄ¢È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB±ÌÚI
  ÉÍ ntp (xntpd â ntpdate) \tgEFAðp¢é±Æð¨··ßµÜ·B

  ÉAÈºÌæ¤ÈàeÌ /etc/resolv.confªKvÅ·B (¯¶óðæ
  è±Æ!)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu
  nameserver 127.0.0.1
  ______________________________________________________________________

  `search' ÅnÜÁÄ¢ésÍAâ¢í¹³ê½zXgðT·hCÌw
  èÅ·B`nameserver' ÅnÜésÍAl[T[oÌAhXwèÅ·B¡
  Í©ªÌ}VÅl[T[oð®©·ÌÅA[JzXgðwèµÜ·B
  (: named Í±Ìt@CðQÆµÜ¹ñBQÆ·éÌÍ]oÅ·B
  2: resolv.conf t@CiÉÍ "domain" Æ©ê½sª é©àµêÜ¹
  ñB ÁÄàâè èÜ¹ñªA "search" Æ "domain" Ì¼ûð¯ÉÍp
  ¢È¢æ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢BÇ¿ç©µ©øÍð¿Ü¹ñB)

  ±Ìt@CÌÓ¡ðà¾µÜµå¤BNCAgª foo Ì¼Oø«ðs
  ¤ÆAÜ¸ÅÉ foo.subdomain.your-domain.edu ð²×AÉ foo.your-
  domain.edu ðµAÅãÉ foo ð²×Ü·Bsearch sÉ Üè½Ìh
  CðÆA·×Äð²×éÌÉÔª©©éæ¤ÉÈéÌÅAÙÇÙÇÉ
  µÄ¨ÌªÇ¢Åµå¤B

  ±ÌáÅÍ È½Ì}Vª subdomain.your-domain.edu É éÆµÄ¢Ü
  ·ÌÅA È½Ì}VÌ¼OÍ¨»ç your-machine.subdomain.your-
  domain.edu ÆÈÁÄ¢éÅµå¤BÈ¨ search sÉÍ È½Ì TLD (Top
  Level Domain, ±ÌêÍ `edu') ðÜßé×«ÅÍ èÜ¹ñBpÉÉÚ±
  ·éæ¤ÈÁèÌhCª êÎAÈºÌæ¤É search sÉ»ÌhC
  ðÁ¦Äà¢¢Åµå¤B (æªÉXy[Xª Á½çæèéÌðYêÈ¢
  æ¤ÉB)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu other-domain.com
  ______________________________________________________________________

  à¿ëñÀÛÉÍ{ÌhC¼ðKvª èÜ·BhC¼ÌÅã
  ÉÍsIhð©È¢±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B±êÍdvÈ|CgÅ
  ·BhC¼ÌÅãÉÍsIhð©È¢±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B

  3.1.  named ðN®·é

  ±êçÌõª·ñ¾ç named ð§¿ã°Üµå¤B_CAAbvÚ±ð
  µÄ¢élÍAÜ¸æÉÚ±µÄ¾³¢BÅÍ named ðN®µÜ·Bu[
  gXNvg©çN®·éêÍ /etc/init.d/named startA named ð¼Ú
  N®·éêÍ /usr/sbin/named ÆµÜ·BÈOÌÅÌ BIND Å½æ¤È
  ±ÆðsÁ½Æ«ÍA¨»ç ndc ðgÁ½±ÆÆv¢Ü·B BIND 9 Å
  ÍA±êÍ rndc ÉÏíèÜµ½B rndc Í named ð[g©ç§äÅ«
  Ü·ªA named ðN®·é±ÆÍÅ«Ü¹ñB named ð®©µÄ¢éÅÉ
  syslog ÌbZ[Wt@C (ÊÍ /var/adm/messages Å·ªA Debian
  ÅÍ /var/log/daemin Å·µAfBNgª /var/log ¾Á½èAt@C
  ¼ªÊ¾Á½è·é©àµêÜ¹ñ) ð©éÆ (tail -f
  /var/adm/messages ÆµÜ·)AÈºÌæ¤ÈoÍª\¦³êéÍ¸Å·:

  (sª \ ÌsÍÌsÉ±«Ü·)

       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11031]: starting BIND 9.1.3
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11031]: using 1 CPU
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: loading configuration from \
           '/etc/named.conf'
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: the default for the \
           'auth-nxdomain' option is now 'no'
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: no IPv6 interfaces found
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: listening on IPv4 interface lo, \
           127.0.0.1#53
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, \
           10.0.0.129#53
       Dec 23 02:21:12 lookfar named[11034]: command channel listening on \
           127.0.0.1#953
       Dec 23 02:21:13 lookfar named[11034]: running

  G[bZ[Wª Á½êÍA½©Ôá¦Ä¢éÌÅµå¤B named Í
  ÇñÅ¢é»Ìt@Cð¼wµµÄêéÍ¸Å·BßÁÄt@Cð
  `FbNµÄ¾³¢BC³ªIíÁ½çÄx named ðN®µÄ¾³¢B
  ³ÄA±±ÜÅsÁÄ«½ÝèðµÄÝÜµå¤B±êÜÅÍ nslookup ª
  eXgÌ½ßÌvOÅµ½BÅßÅÍ dig ª§³êÄ¢Ü·B

       $ dig -x 127.0.0.1
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26669
       ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

       ;; QUESTION SECTION:
       ;1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.                IN      PTR

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa. 259200  IN      PTR     localhost.

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.

       ;; Query time: 3 msec
       ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
       ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 02:26:17 2001
       ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 91

  Æ\¦³êêÎA¤Ü®¢Ä¢éÍ¸Å·B±¤ÈéÆ¢¢Å·ËBñíÉ
  ÙÈÁ½\¦ªo½çAâè¼µASÄ`FbNÅ·B named.conf ðÏX
  µ½çA»Ì½ÑÉ rndc reload R}hðÀs·éKvª èÜ·B

  ÅÍâ¢í¹ðµÄÝÜµå¤B È½ÌßÉ é}VÌ¼Oðø¢Ä
  ÝÜµå¤BÌß (Oslo åw) ÉÍ pat.uio.noÆ¢¤}Vª èÜ
  ·B

       $ dig pat.uio.no
       ; <<>> DiG 9.1.3 <<>> pat.uio.no
       ;; global options:  printcmd
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 15574
       ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 0

       ;; QUESTION SECTION:
       ;pat.uio.no.                    IN      A

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       pat.uio.no.             86400   IN      A       129.240.130.16

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       uio.no.                 86400   IN      NS      nissen.uio.no.
       uio.no.                 86400   IN      NS      nn.uninett.no.
       uio.no.                 86400   IN      NS      ifi.uio.no.

       ;; Query time: 651 msec
       ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
       ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 02:28:35 2001
       ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 108

  ¡xÍAdig Í È½Ì}VÅ®¢Ä¢é named É pat.uio.no ðT·æ
  ¤ËµÜ·B·éÆ named Í root.hints t@CÉ©êÄ¢él[
  T[oÌêÂÉÚ±µÄAâ¢í¹ðµÜ·B /etc/resolv.conf É©ê
  Ä¢éhC·×ÄÉÂ¢Ä²×éKvª é©àµêÈ¢ÌÅAÊª¾
  çêéÜÅÉXÔª©©é±Æª èÜ·B

  ±±Åà¤êx¯¶â¢í¹ðs¤ÆAÌæ¤ÈÊÉÈéÅµå¤B

       $ dig pat.uio.no

       ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> pat.uio.no
       ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4
       ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3
       ;; QUERY SECTION:
       ;;      pat.uio.no, type = A, class = IN

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       pat.uio.no.             23h59m58s IN A  129.240.130.16

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  nissen.UIO.NO.
       UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  ifi.UIO.NO.
       UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  nn.uninett.NO.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       nissen.UIO.NO.          23h59m58s IN A  129.240.2.3
       ifi.UIO.NO.             1d23h59m58s IN A  129.240.64.2
       nn.uninett.NO.          1d23h59m58s IN A  158.38.0.181

       ;; Total query time: 4 msec
       ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: default -- 127.0.0.1
       ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 00:23:09 2000
       ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 28  rcvd: 162

  ±ñÇÍ¸ÁÆ¬©Á½±ÆªÍÁ«èí©éÅµå¤BOÍ 0.5 bÈã©
  ©ÁÄ¢Üµ½ªA¡ñÍ 4ms Å·ÝÜµ½BT[o©çÌñªLb
  V³ê½ÌÅ·BLbV³ê½ñÍAÃÈÁÄ»óÆÙÈÁÄµÜ
  ¤Â\«à èÜ·ªALbV³ê½ñð³µ¢Æ©È¹éúÔÍAñ
  ðÔµ½T[oÌ¤Å§äÅ«éÌÅA¾çê½ñª³µ¢àÌÅ éÂ
  \«Í¢Åµå¤B

  3.2.  ]o

  WIÈ C API ðÀµÄ¢é·×ÄÌ OS ÉÍA gethostbyname Æ
  gethostbyaddr Æ¢¤VXeR[ª¶ÝµÜ·B±êçÍ½íÞ©ÌÙÈ
  éîñ¹©çîñðæ¾Å«Ü·BÇÌîñ¹©çæ¾·é©ÍALinux Èç
  /etc/nsswitch.conf Æ¢¤t@CÅÝèÅ«Ü· (±êðp¢Ä¢é Unix
  Í¼Éà èÜ·)B±êÍ·¢t@CÅAÇÌt@C©çA é¢ÍÇ
  Ìf[^x[X©çA¢ë¢ëÈíÞÌf[^ðæ¾·é©ðwèµÜ·BÊ
  íÍæªÉRg`®Ìðàª èÜ·ÌÅAÇñÅ¨«Üµå¤BÇÝI
  íÁ½ç `hosts:' ÅÍ¶ÜésðTµÄ¾³¢BÈºÌæ¤ÉÈÁÄ¢é
  Í¸Å·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  hosts:      files dns
  ______________________________________________________________________

  (æªÌXy[XÌ±ÆÍo¦Ä¢Ü·ËH±êÈãÍà¤¾yµÜ¹ñB)

  `hosts:' ÅÍ¶Üésª³¯êÎAãLÌæ¤Èàeð¢Ä¨¢Ä¾³
  ¢B±êÍAvOÍÜ¸ /etc/hosts t@Cð©És«AÉ DNS
  ð resolv.conf Éµ½ªÁÄ`FbN¹æAÆ¾ÁÄ¢Ü·B

  3.3.  ¨ßÅÆ¤

  ³ÄA¡â È½ÍLbV®ìð·é named ÌÝèû@ðmÁ½í¯Å
  ·Br[Åà~NÅàA¨D«ÈàÌÅ£tµÜµå¤B

  4.  tH[h (forwarding)

  wp@Öâ ISP (Internet Service Provider) ÈÇÌAãèÉgD»³ê½
  å«Èlbg[NÅÍAlbg[NÌvBÍ DNS T[oÉutH[
  _ (forwarder)vÆÄÎêéKwðÝ¯Ä¢é±Æª é©àµêÜ¹ñB±
  ¤·éÆAàÌlbg[N×âAOÉ éT[oÌ×ðº°éøÊ
  ª éÌÅ·B©ªª»Ìæ¤Èlbg[NÌêÉ¢éÌ©Ç¤©ðmé
  ÌÍ»êÙÇÈPÅÍ èÜ¹ñBµ©µ¢¸êÉ¹æAÚ±µÄ¢évo
  C_Ì DNS T[oðutH[_vÆµÄp·êÎAâ¢í¹Ì½ð
  ¬Å«Albg[NÖÌ×ðº°é±ÆªÅ«Ü·B±êðp¢éÆA
   È½Ìl[T[oÍAâ¢í¹ð ISP Ìl[T[oÉs¢Ü·Bâ
  ¢í¹ªN±é½ÑA ISP Ìl[T[oÌåÈLbV©çf[^
  ð·¢æé±ÆÉÈèÜ·BæÁÄâ¢í¹Ì¬xÍãªèA È½Ìl
  [T[oÍ©ªÅSÌdð±È³ÈÄàÇÈèÜ·BfðgÁ
  Ä¢éêÍA±ÌøÊÍ©Èèå«¢Å·B±±ÅáÆµÄA¨g¢Ìlb
  g[NvoC_ÉÍpª§³êÄ¢él[T[oªñÂ éÆµÜ
  ·B»ê¼êÌ IP Ôð 10.0.0.1 Æ 10.1.0.1 ÆµÜµå¤B±Ìæ¤È
  êÉÍA¨è³Ì named.conf t@CÌÅÌZNVA ``options''
  Æ¢¤¼OªÂ¢Ä¢éªÉÈºÌsð}üµÄº³¢B

  ______________________________________________________________________
             forward first;
             forwarders {
                  10.0.0.1;
                  10.1.0.1;
              };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  _CAAbv}Vü¯Éà forwarders ðgÁ½¿åÁÆðµ¢gbN
  ª èÜ·B ``Q & A'' ÌÍÉ¢Ä èÜ·B

  l[T[oðÄN®µÄAdig ÅeXgµÄ¾³¢B¤Ü¢ÁÄ¢éÆ
  v¢Ü·B

  5.  PÈ hC

   È½©gÌhCÌÝèû@

  5.1.  ÅàÜ¸ÅÉÞüÈ_

  Ü¸ÅÉ: ±±ÜÅÌàeÍ¿áñÆÇÝÜµ½©HÇñÅÈ¯êÎÇÞæ
  ¤ÉB

  ±ÌZNVðÀÛÉnßéOÉADNS Ì®ìÉÖ·é_ðXÆAÀÛ
  Ì®ìáðÐîµÄ¨«Ü·B«ÁÆðÉ§¿Ü·©çAºÐÇÝÜµå¤B
  ÇÝ½ÈÄàAÈÆà¬µÇÝç¢ÍµÄ¨¢Ä¾³¢B
  named.conf t@CÌÝèÉÖ·éªÜÅ«½ç¬µÇÝÍXgbvÅ
  ·B

  DNS ÍKwIÈc[\¢ÌVXeÅ·B»Ì¸_Í `.' ÆLq³êA
  (c[^f[^\¢ÅÌµáÉ]¢) u[g (root)vÆ¹³êÜ·B
  `.' ÌºÉÍ½³ñÌ Top Level Domain (TLD) ª èÜ·B ORG, COM,
  EDU, NET ÈÇªL¼Å·ªA¼Éà½³ñ èÜ·BÀÛÌØÆ¯¶æ¤
  ÉA±Ìc[\¢Íªð¿A}ª©êµÜ·BvZ@ÈwÌm¯ª él
  ÉÍA DNS Íõc[É©¦éÅµå¤BÜ½»±ÉÍß_ (node)A[_
  (leaf node)A} (edge) ª é±Æà©ÄæêéÅµå¤B

  }VÌõðs¤Æ«Aâ¢í¹Í[g©çnÜéKwÉÎµÄÄAI
  ÉsíêÜ·B¢ÜzXg prep.ai.mit.edu. ÌAhXð©Â¯½¢ÆµÜ
  µå¤B·éÆl[T[oÍÇ±©Éâ¢í¹ðs¤Kvª èÜ·BÜ
  ¸LbVÉÈ¢©Ç¤©TµÜ·BàµÈOÌâí¹ªLbVÉ
  cÁÄ¢ÄAðmÁÄ¢½êÉÍA¼OÌßÅ©½æ¤ÉA½¾¿Éð
  ÔµÜ·BLbVÉªÈ©Á½êÍAâ¢í¹Ì Á½¼OÉÇÌ
  ç¢ß¢¦ªÔ¹é©ð²×ALbV³êÄ¢éîñðÅ«é¾¯g
  ¨¤ÆµÜ·BÅ«ÌêÍ `.' ([g) ¾¯ª}b`·é±ÆÉÈèA
  æÁÄ[gT[oÉqËéKvª èÜ·Bl[T[oÍ¼OÌ¶¤Ì
  ªðÁµÄ¢«A©ªª ai.mit.edu., mit.edu., edu. ÉÂ¢ÄmÁÄ¢é
  ©`FbNµÄ¢«Ü·B±êçðmçÈ¢Æ . Ésí¯Å·ªA±Ì
  Í hints t@CÉ¢Ä éÌÅA©Â©èÜ·B±±Å È½Ìl[
  T[oÍ . ÌT[oÉ prep.ai.mit.edu ÉÖ·éâ¢í¹ðs¢Ü·B±
  Ì . T[oÍ¼ÚÌÍmçÈ¢Åµå¤ªA È½ÌT[oÉQÆæðñ
  ¦µAÉÇ±É·¯Î¢¢©ð³¦ÄêÜ·B±ÌQÆæñ¦Í¯¶æ¤
  ÉXÉsíêA È½Ìl[T[oÍðmÁÄ¢él[T[oÉÜÅ
  ±©êÜ·B±êð¢Ü©ç¨©¹µÜµå¤B +norec Å dig ÉÄAIÈ
  âí¹ðµÈ¢æ¤É½¶AÄAðäX©gÅs¤±ÆÉµÜ·B»Ì¼Ì
  IvVÍAdig É¶¬·éîñð¸ç·æ¤É½¶éàÌÅAðßñ
  µÜ·B

       $ dig +norec +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu.
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 980
       ;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 0

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       .                       518400  IN      NS      J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       518400  IN      NS      I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.

  ±êÍQÆæÌñ¦Å·B±±ÉÍ "Authority section" µ©ÈA"Answer
  section" ª èÜ¹ñB½¿Ì§Ä½l[T[oÍA½¿ð±Ìl[
  T[oÌÇê©Éwµü¯Ü·BÇê©ÐÆÂð_ÉIñÅÝÜµå
  ¤B

       $ dig +norec +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu. @D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 58260
       ;; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       mit.edu.                172800  IN      NS      BITSY.mit.edu.
       mit.edu.                172800  IN      NS      STRAWB.mit.edu.
       mit.edu.                172800  IN      NS      W20NS.mit.edu.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       BITSY.mit.edu.          172800  IN      A       18.72.0.3
       STRAWB.mit.edu.         172800  IN      A       18.71.0.151
       W20NS.mit.edu.          172800  IN      A       18.70.0.160

  MIT.EDU ÌT[oQª¢ÁØñÉñ¦³êÜµ½BÅÍÜ½Çê©ð_
  ÉIÑÜµå¤B

       $ dig +norec +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu. @BITSY.mit.edu.
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 29227
       ;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 4, ADDITIONAL: 4

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       prep.ai.mit.edu.        10562   IN      A       198.186.203.77

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       ai.mit.edu.             21600   IN      NS      FEDEX.ai.mit.edu.
       ai.mit.edu.             21600   IN      NS      LIFE.ai.mit.edu.
       ai.mit.edu.             21600   IN      NS      ALPHA-BITS.ai.mit.edu.
       ai.mit.edu.             21600   IN      NS      BEET-CHEX.ai.mit.edu.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       FEDEX.ai.mit.edu.       21600   IN      A       192.148.252.43
       LIFE.ai.mit.edu.        21600   IN      A       128.52.32.80
       ALPHA-BITS.ai.mit.edu.  21600   IN      A       128.52.32.5
       BEET-CHEX.ai.mit.edu.   21600   IN      A       128.52.32.22

  ¡xÍ "ANSWER SECTION" ª èÜµ½B»µÄ½¿Ìmè½©Á½à©
  Â©èÜµ½B "AUTHORITY SECTION" ÉÍAñ ai.mit.edu ÉqËéÛÉ
  ÍÇÌT[oÉ·×«©AÆ¢¤îñªÜÜêÄ¢Ü·Bµ½ªÁÄÉ
  ai.mit.edu Ì¼OÉÂ¢Ämè½¢Æ«ÉÍA±êçÉ¼Ú·¯ÎÇ¢í¯
  Å·B named Í¯É mit.edu ÉÖ·éîñàWßéÌÅAÉá¦Î
  www.mit.edu ªâ¢í³ê½Æ«ÉÍA¦É¸ÁÆß¢Æ±ëÉ¢é±Æ
  ÉÈèÜ·B

  Æ¢¤í¯ÅA. ©çX^[gµAQÆæñ¦ðHé±ÆÅAhC¼Ìe
  xÉ¨¯él[T[oðXÉ©Â¯é±ÆªÅ«Üµ½B©OÌ DNS
  T[oª êÎA±êçÌ¼Ìl[T[oðgíÈÄàA È½Ì named
  ÍA±Ìæ¤É@ÁÄ¢iKÅ©Â¯½îñð·×ÄLbVµAµÎç
  ÍÄÑqËÈÄàÇ¢æ¤ÉµÄêÜ·B

  c[ÆÌAiW[Å¢¤ÆA¼OÌe ``.'' Í}ª©êÌ|CgÉÎ
  µÜ·B»µÄ ``.''  É²Üê½ªÍc[ÅÌ»ê¼êÌ}Ì¼O
  ÉÈèÜ·B~µ¢¼O (prep.ai.it.edu) Ì¼Oð¾éÉÍA±Ìc[ð
  ¸ÁÄ¢±ÆÉÈèÜ·B root (.) âAroot ©ç prep.ai.mit.edu É
  érÌ çäéT[oÉîñðâ¢í¹A»êçðLbVµÜ·B
  LbVÌ§ÀÉB·éÆA±ÌÄAIÈ]oÍ»ÌT[oÖÌâí
  ¹ðâßA»±ÅQÆñ¦³ê½A¼OÌ[ÌÙ¤É éÌT[oÖÆiñ
  Å¢«Ü·B

  ¢ÜÜÅÙÆñÇGêÜ¹ñÅµ½ªA¯¶ç¢ñíÉdvÈhCÆµ
  Ä in-addr.arpa ª èÜ·B±êÍuÊÌvhCÌæ¤ÉlXgàµ
  Ü·B in-addr.arpa Ì¨©°ÅAAhXªí©ÁÄ¢éêÉzXg¼ð
  ¾é±ÆªÅ«éæ¤ÉÈèÜ·B±±ÅdvÈÌÍA IP ÔÍ in-
  addr.arpa hCÅÍtÉLq³êé±ÆÅ·B é}VÌAhX
  192.186.203.77 ªí©ÁÄ¢½êA named Í æöÌ prep.ai.mit.edu Ì
  áÆ¯¶æ¤É 77.203.168.198.in-addr.arpa ðT»¤ÆµÜ·B¢Üá¦
  ÎA `.' ÈOS}b`µÈ¢æ¤ÈALbVÉÈ¢GgðT·Æ
  µÜµå¤B root T[oÉKËA m.root-servers.net Í¼Ì root T[o
  ÖÌQÆðÔµÜ·B b.root-servers.net Í¼Ú bitsy.mit.edu/ ÖÌQÆ
  ðÔµÄêéÌÅA»±©çîñðæ¾·é±ÆÉÈèÜ·B

  5.2.  ©ªÌhCðìé

  ³ÄA½¿ÌhCðè`µÜµå¤BhC linux.bogus ðìèA
  »±É½¿Ì}Vðè`µÜµå¤B±±ÅÍ®SÉËóÌhC¼ð
  gÁÄAÔáÁÄàOÌlÉÀfª©©çÈ¢æ¤ÉµÜµå¤B

  nßéOÉà¤ê_BzXg¼Ég¦é¶ÉÍ§Àª èÜ·BpêÌA
  t@xbg a-zA 0-9A¨æÑ '-' (_bV) ¶¾¯ªg¦Ü·Bç
  éæ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢ (±ÌK¥ðjÁÄà BIND 9 ÅÍåävÅ·ªABIND
  8 Í_Å·)Bå¶¬¶Í DNS ÅÍæÊ³êÜ¹ñBµ½ªÁÄ
  pat.uio.no Æ Pat.UiO.No ÆÍÜÁ½¯¶æ¤Éðß³êÜ·B

  ÀÍ±ÌÍÅÅÉs¤×«ªÍ·ÅÉLqÏÝÅ·B named.conf ÉÍÈ
  ºÌæ¤Èsª èÜ·æËB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "pz/127.0.0";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ±Ìt@CÅÍhC¼ÌÅãÉ `.' ðt¯Ä¢È¢_ÉÓµÄ¾
  ³¢BãLÌàe©çA±ê©ç½¿Í][ 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa ðè
  `·é±ÆA»µÄ±Ì named ª»Ì][Ì}X^[T[oÉÈé±ÆA
  Ü½»Ìàeªt@C pz/127.0.0 ÉÛ¶³êé±ÆÈÇªí©èÜ·B±
  Ìt@CÍ·ÅÉÝèÏÝÅAÈºÌæ¤ÈàeÌÍ¸Å·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                  1       ; Serial
                                  8H      ; Refresh
                                  2H      ; Retry
                                  4W      ; Expire
                                  1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  æöÌ named.conf ÌêÆÍÎÆIÉA±¿çÌt@CÅÍ·×ÄÌh
  C¼ÌÅãÉ `.' ª é±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B][t@CÌæª
  É $ORIGIN ½ßðu±ÆðDÞl½¿à¢éæ¤Å·ªA±êÍsvÅ
  ·B][t@CÌ origin (±Ì][ª®·é DNS ÌKw) Í
  named.conf Ì][ZNVÅwè³êÜ·B±ÌêÍ 0.0.127.in-
  addr.arpa Å·B

  ±Ìu][t@CvÉÍOÂÌu\[XR[h (resource record:
  RR)vªÜÜêÄ¢Ü·B SOA RR, NS RR, PTR RR Å·B SOA Í Start Of
  Authority ÌÈªÅ·B`@' ÍÁÊÈLÅA origin ðÓ¡µÜ·B±Ì
  t@CÌ `domain' JÍ 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Å·©çAÅÌsÌ
  ÀÛÌÓ¡ÍÈºÆ¯¶ÉÈèÜ·B

       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   IN      SOA ...

  NS Í Name Server RR ÌªÅ·B±ÌsÌæªÉÍ `@' ª èÜ¹ñB±ê
  ÍÃÙÌ¤¿É·ÅÉwè³ê½±ÆÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·B¼OÌsª `@' ÅÍ
  ¶ÜÁÄ¢½©çÅ·B½^CvÌÊªßñÅ«Ü·ËBµ½ªÁÄ NS Ì
  sÍÈºÌæ¤ÉàLqÅ«é±ÆÉÈèÜ·B

       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus

  ±ÌsÍ DNS ÉAÇÌ}Vª±ÌhC 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Ìl[
  T[oÅ é©ð³¦Ü·B ns.linux.bogus Æ¢¤í¯Å·ËB `ns' Æ
  ¢¤ÌÍl[T[oÉÇp¢çêé¼OÅ·ªA±êÍ web T[oÉ
  www.something Æ¢¤¼Oªt¯çêéÌÆ½æ¤ÈàÌÅ·BÀÛÉÍÇ
  ñÈ¼Oðp¢Äà©Ü¢Ü¹ñB

  ÅãÉ PTR (Domain Name Pointer) R[hªATulbg 0.0.127.in-
  addr.arpa ÌAhX 1 ÌzXgA·Èí¿ 127.0.0.1 ª localhost Æ¢
  ¤¼OÅ é±Æð¦µÄ¢Ü·B

  SOA R[hÍÇñÈ][t@CÅàæªÉu©êÜ·BÜ½e][
  t@CÉÂ«êÂAæªÉ (½¾µ $TTL wèÌ ÆÉ) «Ü·B±Ì
  R[hÍ][Ìà¾Å·BÇ±©ç¾çêéÌ© (ns.linux.bogusÆ¢¤}
  V)AàeÉÖ·éÓCÒÍN© (hostmaster@linux.bogus: ±±ÉÍ È
  ½Ìdq[AhXðüêÜµå¤)A][t@CÌo[WÍ¢
  Â© (VAÔ: 1)A»Ì¼LbVâZJ_ DNS T[oÈÇ
  ÉÖAµ½àeÈÇð«Ü·BcèÌtB[h (refresh, retry,
  expire, minimum) ÉÂ¢ÄÍA±Ì HOWTO Ìlð»ÌÜÜg¦ÎÁÉâèÈ
  ¢Åµå¤B SOA ÌOÉÍK{ÌsA$TTL 3D Æ©ê½sª èÜ·B±
  êÍ·×ÄÌ][t@CÉ¢Ä¾³¢B

  ÅÍA±±Å named ðÄN® (rndc stop; named) µÄA dig R}hÅ¡
  ÜÅÌÝèÌmFðs¢Üµå¤B -x ðg¤Ætø«Ìâí¹ðs¢Ü
  ·B

       $ dig -x 127.0.0.1
       ;; Got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 30944
       ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

       ;; QUESTION SECTION:
       ;1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.                IN      PTR

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa. 259200  IN      PTR     localhost.

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.

       ;; Query time: 3 msec
       ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
       ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:02:39 2001
       ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 91

  ÈñÆ© 127.0.0.1 ©ç localhost ª¾çêÜµ½B¢¢´¶Å·ËBÅÍ
  CÌ¨dÅ é linux.bogus hCÌ½ßÉA named.conf ÉVµ
  ¢ `zone' ZNVð«Üµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
          type master;
          notify no;
          file "pz/linux.bogus";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ±±Åà named.conf t@CÉLq·éhC¼ÌÅãÉÍ `.' ªt¢
  Ä¢È¢±ÆÉÚB

  linux.bogus ][t@CÉÍAÜÁ½ËóÌf[^ðu±ÆÉµÜ
  µå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; Zone file for linux.bogus
  ;
  ; The full zone file
  ;
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ;
                  NS      ns              ; Inet Address of name server
                  MX      10 mail.linux.bogus     ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.   ; Secondary Mail Exchanger
  ;
  localhost       A       127.0.0.1
  ns              A       192.168.196.2
  mail            A       192.168.196.4
  ______________________________________________________________________

  SOA R[hÉÂ¢ÄÍñÂÌ_ÉÓ·éKvª èÜ·B
  ns.linux.bogus Í A R[hðÁ½ÀÛÌ}VÅÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB
  CNAME R[hÍA SOA R[hÌT[o}VÌªÉÍLqÅ«Ü¹
  ñB¼OÍ `ns' ÅÈÄàA³µ¢zXg¼Å êÎ©Ü¢Ü¹ñBÉ
  hostmaster.linux.bogus Í hostmaster@linux.bogus ÆÇÝÖ¦Ä¾³
  ¢B±êÍ[GCAX©[{bNXÅA±Ì DNS ðeiX
  µÄ¢élªpÉÉ`FbNµÄ¢éÆ±ëÅÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB±Ìh
  CÉÖ·é[ÍA±±ÅLq³ê½AhXÉé±ÆÉÈÁÄ¢Ü
  ·B¼OÍ `hostmaster' ÅÈ È½Ì e-mail AhXÅà©Ü¢Ü¹
  ñBÅà `hostmaster' Åàà¿ëñ¿áñÆ®Í¸Å·B

  ±Ìt@CÉÍVµ¢^CvÌ RR ª èÜ·B MX (Mail eXchanger) RR
  Å·B±êÍ[VXeÉÎµÄ someone@linux.bogus ¶[Ìè
  æð`¦éàÌÅA mail.linux.bogus Ü½Í mail.friend.bogus ª±êÉ
  ÈèÜ·B}VÌ¼OÌOÉ©ê½lÍ MX RR ÌDæxð¦µÜ·B
  Å¬Ìl (10) ðÂzXgÉÎµÄDæIÉ[ªçêÜ·B±Ìz
  É¸s·éÆA[Íæèå«ÈlðÂzXgÉz³êÜ·B·È
  í¿±±ÅÍDæx 20 ðÂ mail.friend.bogus Å·B

  rndc reload ðÀsµÄAnamed ÉÝèt@CðÄÑÇÜ¹Ü·B±±ÜÅ
  ÌÝèð dig ÅmFµÜµå¤B

  $ dig any linux.bogus
  ; <<>> DiG 9.1.3 <<>> any linux.bogus
  ;; global options:  printcmd
  ;; Got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55239
  ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

  ;; QUESTION SECTION:
  ;linux.bogus.               IN      ANY

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  linux.bogus.        259200  IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. \
        hostmaster.linux.bogus. 199802151 28800 7200 2419200 86400
  linux.bogus.        259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  linux.bogus.        259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
  linux.bogus.        259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.

  ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
  linux.bogus.        259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.

  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
  ns.linux.bogus.     259200  IN      A       192.168.196.2

  ;; Query time: 4 msec
  ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
  ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:06:45 2001
  ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 184

  æ©éÆAoOª é±Æªí©éÆv¢Ü·B

       linux.bogus.        259200  IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.

  Æ¢¤ÌÍS¨©µ¢Å·ËB±êÍA

       linux.bogus.        259200  IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.

  ÅÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB

  ÇÒÌwKøÊð¶ÁÄ :-)A±±ÅÍí´ÆÔá¦Üµ½B][t@C
  ð©éÆAÈºÌsª éÍ¸Å·B

                       MX      10 mail.linux.bogus     ; Primary Mail Exchanger

  ±±ÉÍsIhªÈ¢Å·ËB é¢Í]vÉ 'linux.bogus' ð¢Äµ
  ÜÁÄ¢éAÆà¾¦Ü·B][t@CÉ©ê½zXg¼ÌÅãÉs
  IhªÈ¢êÉÍA origin ªÅãÉÁ¦çêÜ·BÂÜè
  linux.bogus.linux.bogus ÆñdÉÈÁÄµÜ¤ÌÅ·BÅ·©çA

  ______________________________________________________________________
                  MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.    ; Primary Mail Exchanger
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ü½Í

  ______________________________________________________________________
                  MX      10 mail                 ; Primary Mail Exchanger
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Æ·é×«Å·BÍãÒªD«Å·B^CvÊªÈ¢Å·©çB BIND Ì
  êåÆÉÍ±Ì®É½Î·élà¢Ü· (^¬·élà¢Ü·)B][
  t@CÅÍAhCÍ·×Ä«ºµÄ `.' ÅI¦é©AS©È¢
  ©Ç¿ç©ÉµÜ·BãÒÅÍftHgÅ origin ªt®µÜ·B

  ÐÆÂÓµÄ¨«½¢ÌÅ·ªAnamed.conf t@CÅÍAhC
  ¼ÌãÉ `.' ðt¯ÄÍ¢¯Ü¹ñB `.' ª½·¬½èÈ·¬½èµ½¨
  ©°ÅAÇê¾¯½Ì¨ª¾ßÉÈèAlXª¬³¹çê½©A«ÁÆ
   È½ÉÍzàÂ©È¢Åµå¤B

  ÅÍA±Ì_ð³¦ÄV½È][t@Cð«Üµå¤BXVµ¢î
  ñàÁíÁÄ¢Ü·ªAÈºÌæ¤ÉÈèÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; Zone file for linux.bogus
  ;
  ; The full zone file
  ;
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ;
                  TXT     "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
                  NS      ns              ; Inet Address of name server
                  NS      ns.friend.bogus.
                  MX      10 mail         ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus. ; Secondary Mail Exchanger

  localhost       A       127.0.0.1

  gw              A       192.168.196.1
                  TXT     "The router"

  ns              A       192.168.196.2
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
  www             CNAME   ns

  donald          A       192.168.196.3
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
                  TXT     "DEK"

  mail            A       192.168.196.4
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.

  ftp             A       192.168.196.5
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  CNAME (Canonical NAME) ÍAe}Vð¡Ì¼OÅÄÔû@Å·BæÁÄ
  www Í ns ÌÊ¼ÉÈèÜ·BCNAME R[hÌpÉÂ¢ÄÍA½c_Ì
  ]nª èÜ·BÅàÈºÌ[ðçÁÄ¨¯ÎåävÅµå¤B MX,
  CNAME, SOA ÌeR[hÅÍ CNAME R[hðQÆµÄÍ¢¯Ü¹ñB±ê
  çÍ A R[h¾¯ðQÆ·×«ÈÌÅ·Bµ½ªÁÄ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  foobar          CNAME   www                     ; NO!
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Æ¢¤wèÍ·×«ÅÍÈA

  ______________________________________________________________________
  foobar          CNAME   ns                      ; Yes!
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Æ¢¤wèª³µ¢àÌÆÈèÜ·B

  rndc reload ðÀsµÄVµ¢f[^x[Xð[hµÜµå¤B·éÆ
  named ªt@CðÇÝÝ¼µÜ·B

       $ dig linux.bogus axfr

       ; <<>> DiG 9.1.3 <<>> linux.bogus axfr
       ;; global options:  printcmd
       linux.bogus.            259200  IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. 199802151 28800 7200 2419200 86400
       linux.bogus.            259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.
       linux.bogus.            259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.
       linux.bogus.            259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
       donald.linux.bogus.     259200  IN      A       192.168.196.3
       donald.linux.bogus.     259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.
       donald.linux.bogus.     259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
       donald.linux.bogus.     259200  IN      TXT     "DEK"
       ftp.linux.bogus.        259200  IN      A       192.168.196.5
       ftp.linux.bogus.        259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.
       ftp.linux.bogus.        259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
       gw.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      A       192.168.196.1
       gw.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      TXT     "The router"
       localhost.linux.bogus.  259200  IN      A       127.0.0.1
       mail.linux.bogus.       259200  IN      A       192.168.196.4
       mail.linux.bogus.       259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.
       mail.linux.bogus.       259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
       ns.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.
       ns.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
       ns.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      A       192.168.196.2
       www.linux.bogus.        259200  IN      CNAME   ns.linux.bogus.
       linux.bogus.            259200  IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. 199802151 28800 7200 2419200 86400
       ;; Query time: 41 msec
       ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
       ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:12:31 2001
       ;; XFR size: 23 records

  ¤Ü¢ÁÄ¢Ü·ËB²ÌÊèA][t@C»ÌàÌÆ¿åÁÆÄ
  ¢Ü·B www ¾¯ÉÂ¢Äà²×ÄÝÜµå¤B

  $ dig www.linux.bogus

  ; <<>> DiG 9.1.3 <<>> www.linux.bogus
  ;; global options:  printcmd
  ;; Got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 16633
  ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

  ;; QUESTION SECTION:
  ;www.linux.bogus.               IN      A

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  www.linux.bogus.        259200  IN      CNAME   ns.linux.bogus.
  ns.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      A       192.168.196.2

  ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
  linux.bogus.            259200  IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus.

  ;; Query time: 5 msec
  ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
  ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:14:14 2001
  ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 80

  ÂÜè www.linux.bogus Ì{Ì¼OÍ ns.linux.bogus Èí¯Å·B»µ
  Ä named ª ns ÉÂ¢ÄÁÄ¢éîñà¦µÄêÄ¢Ü·B È½ªv
  OÈçA±ÌîñÅÚ±Å«éÍ¸Å·B

  ³ÄA±±ÜÅª¼ªB

  5.3.  tø«][

  ¡âvOÍA linux.bogus É é¼OðAÀÛÉÚ±·×«AhX
  ÉÏ·Å«éæ¤ÉÈÁ½í¯Å·BÅàtø«Ì][àKvÅ·B±êÍ
  DNS ÅAhXð¼OÉÏ·Å«éæ¤É·é½ßÌàÌÅ·B±Ì¼OÍ³
  Ü´ÜÈíÞÌ½³ñÌT[o (FTP, IRC, WWW ÈÇÈÇ) É¨¢ÄA È
  ½ÆÌÊMðFßé©AÜ½Fß½êAÇÌöxÌDæ«ðt^·é©ÈÇ
  Ì»fÉp¢çêÜ·BC^[lbgÉ éT[rX·×ÄÉANZX·é
  ½ßÉÍAtø«Ì][ªKvÉÈèÜ·B

  Èºð named.conf ÉLqµÄ¾³¢B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          notify no;
          file "pz/192.168.196";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ±êÍ 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa ÆÜÁ½¯¶Å·Bt@CÌgà¯¶æ
  ¤ÉÈèÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151 ; Serial, todays date + todays serial
                          8H      ; Refresh
                          2H      ; Retry
                          4W      ; Expire
                          1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                  NS      ns.linux.bogus.

  1               PTR     gw.linux.bogus.
  2               PTR     ns.linux.bogus.
  3               PTR     donald.linux.bogus.
  4               PTR     mail.linux.bogus.
  5               PTR     ftp.linux.bogus.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ÅÍ rndc reload ðÀsµAnamed ÉÝèt@CðÄÑÇÜ¹AÄÑ dig
  Å±êÜÅÌÝèðmFµÜµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $ dig -x 192.168.196.4
  ;; Got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 58451
  ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

  ;; QUESTION SECTION:
  ;4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.    IN      PTR

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     mail.linux.bogus.

  ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
  196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN     NS      ns.linux.bogus.

  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
  ns.linux.bogus.         259200  IN      A       192.168.196.2

  ;; Query time: 4 msec
  ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
  ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:16:05 2001
  ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ¤ñAÇ³»¤Å·ËBSÌà_vµÄ²×ÄÝÜµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $ dig 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. AXFR

  ; <<>> DiG 9.1.3 <<>> 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. AXFR
  ;; global options:  printcmd
  196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN     SOA     ns.linux.bogus. \
          hostmaster.linux.bogus. 199802151 28800 7200 2419200 86400
  196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN     NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  1.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     gw.linux.bogus.
  2.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     ns.linux.bogus.
  3.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     donald.linux.bogus.
  4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     mail.linux.bogus.
  5.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR     ftp.linux.bogus.
  196.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN     SOA     ns.linux.bogus. \
          hostmaster.linux.bogus. 199802151 28800 7200 2419200 86400
  ;; Query time: 6 msec
  ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
  ;; WHEN: Sun Dec 23 03:16:58 2001
  ;; XFR size: 9 records
  ______________________________________________________________________

  æ³»¤Å·ËI±Ìæ¤ÈoÍÉÈçÈ©Á½êÍA syslog ÉG[
  bZ[WªoÄ¢È¢©©ÄÝÜµå¤BâèûÍ``named ðN®·é''
  ¼ºÌÅÌZNVÅà¾µÜµ½ËB

  5.4.  CðÂ¯ÄÙµ¢±Æ

  ±±Å¢Â©t¯Á¦Ä¨±Æª èÜ·BãLÅp¢½ IP ÔÍ
  'private net' Ì¤¿ÌêÂÌubN©çæÁÄ«½àÌÅ·BÂÜè±ê
  çÌ IP ÔÍC^[lbgÅpubNÉp¢é±ÆÍÅ«Ü¹ñBÅ·
  ©ç±Ì HOWTO ÅáÆµÄ\¦µÄàÀSÈí¯Å·BÌ_Í notify no;
  ÌsÅ·B±êÍ named ÉÎµÄAu][t@CÌÇê©ªXV³êÄ
  àA»êðZJ_ (X[u) T[oÉ`¦È¢vÆ¢¤w¦ð·é±Æ
  ÉÈèÜ·B BIND 8 È~Ì named ÍA][t@CÌ NS R[hÉ
  Xg³êÄ¢é¼ÌT[oÉA][ÌXVðmç¹é±ÆªÅ«Ü·B±ê
  ÍÊíÍÖÈ@\Å·ªAvCx[gÈÀ±ÅÍ±Ì@\Í off ÉµÄ
  ¨«Üµå¤B±ÌÀ±ÉæÁÄC^[lbgÉÀfð©¯½ÍÈ¢Å
  µå¤H

  »µÄà¿ëñA±ÌhCÍËóÌ¢¢©°ñÈàÌÅAgíêÄ¢éA
  hXà¯¶ËóÌàÌÅ·B»ÀÌ¢EÅp¢çêÄ¢é{¨ÌáÍA
  ÌÍð©Äº³¢B

  5.5.  Èºtø«ª®ìµÈ¢Ì©

  ¼Oø«ÌVXeÉÍA¿åÁÆµ½uÅ«Ì«¢ªvª¢Â© èÜ
  ·BÊí±êçª\ÉoÄé±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñªAtø«][ÌÝèÅÍ
  Ç¨ÚÉ©©é±Æª èÜ·B±±©çÈ~ðÇÝißéOÉÍA È½
  Ì}Vªu È½Ìl[T[ov©çtø«Å«é±ÆðmFµÄ¾³
  ¢BÅ«È¢êÍßÁÄâè¼µÄ©çÉµÄ¾³¢B

  ±±ÅÍAtø«ðOlbg[N©ç©½êÉ¶¶â·¢ñÂÌâè_
  ÉÂ¢Äc_µÜ·B

  5.5.1.  tø«][ªã³êÈ¢

  T[rXvoC_©çlbg[NAhXóÔÆhCl[ðàç¤
  Æ«ÉÍAÊí»ÌhCl[Íã (delegation) ³êÜ·BãÆÍ
  ´nµÌðÚð·é NS R[hÌ±ÆÅA él[T[o©çÊÌl[
  T[oðæ¾·éÆ«Ép¢Ü·BæÉ ``ÞüÈ_'' ÌßÅà¾µÜµ
  ½BÇñÅÜ·AæËHtø«][ª®ìµÄ¢È¢êÍA¡·®ßÁÄ
  ÇñÅ¾³¢B

  tø«][ÉàãªKvÅ·Bá¦Î 192.168.196 Ìlbg[Nð
  linux.bogus hCÆêÉvoC_©çàçÁ½Æµ½çAvoC_
  ÉÍ NS R[hð³ø«][¾¯ÅÈtø«][ÉàÁ¦Äàç¤K
  vª èÜ·B in-addr.arpa ©ç È½Ìlbg[NÜÅÌqªèðHÁ
  Ä¢ÆA¨»çÇ±©Å½ÌÖªØêÄ¢é±ÆÅµå¤B½ªÚ±µÄ
  ¢éT[rXvoC_ÅBuØêÄ¢éÖvª©t©Á½çAT[rXv
  oC_ÉAµÄG[ðC³µÄàç¢Üµå¤B

  5.5.2.  NXX (classless) ÌTulbgðàçÁ½ê

  ±êÍââxÈbèÉÈèÜ·Bµ©µNXXÌTulbgÍÅßñí
  ÉÇgíêéæ¤ÉÈÁÄ«½ÌÅA¬³ÈïÐÉ®µÄ¢élÈçA¨
  »çgßÉ éÅµå¤B

  ÅßÌC^[lbgðÈñÆ©ÛÅ«Ä¢éÌÍAÀÍNXXTu
  lbgÌ¨©°ÈÌÅ·BNOÉ IP ÔÌÍÉÂ¢Ä¿åÁÆµ½¬
  ÉÈÁ½±Æª èÜµ½B»Ì IETF (Internet Engineering Task
  Force: C^[lbgª¿áñÆ®¢Ä¢éÌÍÞçÌ¨©°ÈÌÅ·) Ì
  «l½¿ÍAÞçÌbqðWßÄ±Ìâèððµ½ÌÅµ½B½¾µÌ
  Î¿ðàÁÄB»ÌÎ¿ÌêÍA``C'' ¢ÌTulbgðgíÈ¯êÎÈ
  çÈ¢±ÆA»êÉæÁÄ®ìµÈÈéàÌªoÄé±ÆAÅ·B±Ì 
  ½èÉÖ·éà¾ÆA»Ìµ¢ûÉÖµÄÍA Ask Mr. DNS
  <http://www.acmebw.com/askmrdns/00007.htm> É éDê½ðàð©Ä¾
  ³¢B

  ÇÝÜµ½H±±ÅÍà¾µÜ¹ñ©çA¿áñÆÇñÅ¾³¢ËB

  ±ÌâèÌ¼ªÍAÚ±æÌ ISP ª Mr. DNS É¢Ä Á½eNjbNð
  ðµÄ¢È¯êÎÈçÈ¢AÆ¢¤Æ±ëÉ èÜ·B¬³È ISP ÅÍA±
  êðmç¸É®©µÄ¢éÆ±ëà éÅµå¤B»ÌêÍA È½ªÞç
  ÉªÜñ³¦Ä °È¯êÎ¢¯Ü¹ñB»êÉAÜ¸ È½ªðµÈ
  ¢Æ¢¯Ü¹ñË ;-) ðµÄê½çA«ÁÆ¿áñÆµ½tø«][
  ðÝèµÄêéÅµå¤B dig ðgÁÄ³µ¢©Ç¤©m©ßÜµå¤B

  âèÌcè¼ªÍA È½ª±ÌeNjbNððµÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢AÆ¢
  ¤Æ±ëÅ·B©MªÈ¯êÎAà¤êxÇÝÉ¢«Üµå¤B»µÄ Mr.
  DNS Ìà¾Éµ½ªÁÄA©ªÌNXXtø«][ðÝèµÜµå¤B

  ÀÍ±±ÉÍà¤êÂgbvªÒ¿\¦Ä¢Ü·B (ñíÉ) Ã¢]o
  ÍA¼OðÌ`F[ÌÉu©ê½±Ì CNAME gbNÌªð½Çé
  ±ÆªÅ«¸A È½Ì}VÌtø«É¸sµÄµÜ¤±Æª èÜ·B±
  ÌÊA»Ì]oÍ³µÈ¢ANZXNXðÔµ½èAANZXð
  Ûµ½èAÆÉ©»ñÈæ¤È±ÆÉÈèÜ·B±ÌâèÉøÁ©©ÁÄµ
  ÜÁ½çA (Ìmé©¬èÅÍ) Ú±æÌ ISP ÉÞµ© èÜ¹ñBg
  bNðgÁ½NXX][t@CÉA CNAME ÌãíèÉ È½Ì
  PTR R[hð¼Ú«ñÅàç¤±ÆÉÈèÜ·B

  ISP ÉæÁÄÍÊÌð@ðñµÄ¢é±Æà èÜ·B½Æ¦Î Web x[
  XÌ form ÉæÁÄtø«Ì}bvðüÍÅ«éæ¤ÉÈÁÄ¢éÆ©A é
  ¢Í½æ¤ÈS©®^o^VXeÆ©B
  5.6.  X[uT[o

  }X^[T[oÅ][ª³µÝèÅ«½çAÈÆà 1 äÌX[u
  T[oªKvÉÈèÜ·BX[uT[oÍVXeðSÉ·é½ßÉKv
  ÈàÌÅ·B}X^[ª¿ÄàAlbgÉ¢éOÌlªAX[u©ç 
  È½ÌhCÉÖ·éîñðæ¾Å«éæ¤ÉÈéÌÅ·BX[uÍA 
  È½Ì¢éÆ±ë©çÅ«é¾¯£ê½Æ±ëÉu«Ü·B}X^[ÆX[
  uÍAdÍ¹ELANEISPE¬EAÈÇðAÅ«éÀè¤LµÄ¢È¢±
  Æª]Üµ¢ÌÅ·B±êçª·×Ä}X^[ÆÙÈÁÄ¢éX[uª©Â
  ©Á½çA»êÍñíÉÇ¢X[u¾Æ¾¦Ü·B

  X[uÍAPÉ}X^[©ç][t@CðRs[·él[T[oÅ
  ·BÈºÌæ¤ÉÝèµÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
          type slave;
          file "sz/linux.bogus";
          masters { 192.168.196.2; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  f[^ÌRs[ÉÍ][]Æ¢¤dgÝðp¢Ü·B][]Í SOA
  R[hÅ§äµÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ______________________________________________________________________

  }X^[ÌVAÔªX[uæèàå«¢Æ«ÉÀÁÄ][ª]³
  êÜ·BtbV (refresh) ÔÉêñ¸ÂAX[uÍ}X^[ªX
  V³êÄ¢È¢©Ç¤©`FbNµÜ·B`FbNÅ«È¢ (}X^[ÉÚ±
  Å«È¢) ÆAX[uÍgC (retry) ÔÉêñ¸ÂÄÚ±ðÝÜ
  ·BúÀØê (expire) ÔªoßµÄà¸sµ±¯½êÍAX[uÍ»
  Ì][ðt@CVXe©çíµA»êÈãÍ][îñÌñðsí
  ÈÈèÜ·B

  6.  î{IÈZLeBIvV

  By Jamie Norrish

  âèðð¯é½ßÌIvVÝè

  ¢Â©ÈPÈìÆðs¦ÎAT[oðæèÀSÉÅ«AÜ½T[oÌ×ð
  á¸Å«Ü·B±±ÅÐî·éàeÍo_Éß¬Ü¹ñBZLeBÌ±
  Æðl¦éÈç (l¦é×«Å·)AlbgãÉ é¼Ì\[XÉ ½ÁÄ
  ¾³¢ (``ÅãÌÍ''ð²¾³¢)B

  ÈºÌwèÍ named.conf És¢Ü·B±êçÌwèð±Ìt@CÌ
  options ÌàÉÆA±Ìt@CÅXg³ê½·×ÄÌ][ÉKp
  ³êÜ·BÁèÌ zone GgÌàÉÆA»Ì][¾¯ÉKp³ê
  Ü·B zone àÉ©ê½GgÍ options É©ê½Ggæèà
  Dæ³êÜ·B

  6.1.  ][]Ì§À

  X[uT[oªhCÉÎ·éâí¹É¦éÉÍAvC}T[o
  ©ç][Ìîñð]µÄéKvª èÜ·Bµ©µX[uT[oÈO
  ÌzXgÉÍA±Ì]ÌKvÍÈ¢Í¸Å·BÅ·©ç][]Í
  allow-transfer IvVðgÁÄ§ÀµÜµå¤Bá¦Î
  ns.friend.bogus Ì IP AhXÅ é 192.168.1.4 ÆA»ê©çfobO
  pÌ©ª©gðÇÁ·éÈçÎ:

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
        allow-transfer { 192.168.1.4; localhost; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ][]ð§À·êÎAOÌlX©ç©¦éÌÍAÞçª¼ÚqË½zX
  gÉÖ·éàe¾¯ÉÀçêÜ·B DNS ÝèÌÚ×SÌðâí¹é±ÆÍ
  Å«ÈÈéÌÅ·B

  6.2.  s³p©ççé

  Ü¸Aàlbg[NÆ[JÌ}V©çÌàÌðÌ¼«A È½ÌÇ
  ·éhCÈOÖÌâí¹ÍÖ~µÜµå¤B±êÍA«ÓðÁÄ 
  È½Ì DNS T[oðpµæ¤Æ·éÝðÖ~·é¾¯ÅÈA{sK
  vÈâí¹ð¸çµÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  options {
        allow-query { 192.168.196.0/24; localhost; };
  };

  zone "linux.bogus" {
        allow-query { any; };
  };

  zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        allow-query { any; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ³çÉà/[J©çÌàÌð«AÄAIÈâí¹àÖ~µÜ·B±
  êÉæèLbVõU (cache poisoning attack: ÔáÁ½f[^ðT
  [oÉèÂ¯é±Æ) Ìë¯«ª¸ç¹Ü·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  options {
          allow-recursion { 192.168.196.0/24; localhost; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  6.3.  named ð root ÈOÅÀs·é

  named ð root ÈO©çÀs·éÌÍÇ¢l¦Å·Bjçê½Æ«ÉANb
  J[ÉDíêé Àð¸ç·±ÆªoÜ·©çBÜ¸ named ð®ì³¹é
  [UðìèAÉ named ðN®µÄ¢é init XNvgðC³µÜ·B
  VµìÁ½[U¼ðA named Ì -u tOÉwèµÜ·B

  á¦Î Debian GNU/Linux 2.2 ÈçA /etc/init.d/bind XNvgðÈºÌ
  sÌæ¤ÉC³µÜ· ([U named Í ç©¶ßì¬µÄ¨«Ü·):

  ______________________________________________________________________
  start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --exec /usr/sbin/named -- -u named
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Red Hat â¼ÌfBXgr[VÅà¯lÉÅ«éÍ¸Å·B

  Dave Lugo ÍAñÂÌ chroot ðp¢½ZLAÈÝèð
  <http://www.etherboy.com/dns/chrootdns.html> ÅðàµÄ¢Ü·B«ÁÆ
  »¡ð½êéÇÒª½¢Åµå¤B±êðp¢êÎ named ð®©µÄ¢é
  zXgð³çÉÀSÉÅ«Ü·B

  7.  ÀÛÌhCÌá

  ÀÛÉp¢çêÄ¢é][t@CÌá

  `[gAÌá¾¯ÅÈÀÛÉ®ìµÄ¢éáðÚ¹Ä~µ¢AÆ¢¤
  Ó©ª Á½ÌÅA±ÌÍðÝ¯Üµ½B

  ±ÌáÍ LAND-5 Ì David Bullock ÌÂÌºÉp¢Ä¢Ü·B±êçÌ
  t@CÍA 1996 N 9  24 ú»ÝÌàÌðAª BIND 9 Ì§ÀÆg£
  É í¹ÄÒWµ½àÌÅ·Bµ½ªÁÄ±±ÅÌLqÍAÀÛÉ LAND-5 Ì
  l[T[oÉâ¢í¹ðsÁ½ÊÆÍ½ÙÈèÜ·B

  7.1.  /etc/named.conf (Ü½Í /var/named/named.conf)

  }X^[][ZNVÆµÄAK{Ìtø«][ªñÂ©êÄ¢Ü
  ·B 127.0.0 ÌlbgÆ LAND-5 ÌTulbgÅ é 206.6.177 Å·B
  LAND-5 Ì³ø«][Å é land-5.com àvC}ÆµÄwè³êÄ¢
  Ü·B][t@CÍ{ HOWTO Ì±êÜÅÌáÅp¢Ä¢½ pz ÅÍÈ
  A zone Æ¢¤fBNgÉûßçêÄ¢é±ÆÉàÓµÄ¾³¢B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // Boot file for LAND-5 name server

  options {
          directory "/var/named";
  };

  controls {
          inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndc_key; };
  };

  key "rndc_key" {
          algorithm hmac-md5;
          secret "c3Ryb25nIGVub3VnaCBmb3IgYSBtYW4gYnV0IG1hZGUgZm9yIGEgd29tYW4K";
  };

  zone "." {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "zone/127.0.0";
  };

  zone "land-5.com" {
          type master;
          file "zone/land-5.com";
  };

  zone "177.6.206.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "zone/206.6.177";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ±Ìt@Cð È½Ì named.conf t@CÉp¢éÆ«ÉÍAK¸
  ``notify no;'' ð land-5 ÌñÂÌ zone ZNVÉÇÁµÄAÌªN
  ±çÈ¢æ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢B

  7.2.  /var/named/root.hints

  ±Ìt@CÍ®IÉÏ»·éàÌÅ·©çA±ÌXgÍÃ¢Å·BÈOÉ
  à¾µ½æ¤ÉµÄAVµìÁ½àÌðg¢Üµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ; <<>> DiG 8.1 <<>> @A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  ; (1 server found)
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10
  ;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 13
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      ., type = NS, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  .                     6D IN NS        G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.

  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
  G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.112.36.4
  J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.41.0.10
  K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    193.0.14.129
  L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.32.64.12
  M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    202.12.27.33
  A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.41.0.4
  H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.63.2.53
  B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.9.0.107
  C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.33.4.12
  D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.8.10.90
  E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.203.230.10
  I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.36.148.17
  F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.5.5.241

  ;; Total query time: 215 msec
  ;; FROM: roke.uio.no to SERVER: A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.  198.41.0.4
  ;; WHEN: Sun Feb 15 01:22:51 1998
  ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 17  rcvd: 436
  ______________________________________________________________________

  7.3.  /var/named/zone/127.0.0

  ñíÉVvÈàÌÅ·BÜ¸âÎÉKvÈ SOA R[hA»µÄ
  127.0.0.1 ð localhost É}bv·éR[hÅ·B±êçÍ¼ûÆàK{
  Å·BtÉ±êÈãÌàÌÍu×«ÅÍ èÜ¹ñB±Ìt@CÍAgÁ
  Ä¢él[T[o© hostmaster Ì[AhXªÏX³êÈ¢ÀèAX
  V·éKvÍ¨»çÈ¢Åµå¤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                                  199609203       ; Serial
                                  28800   ; Refresh
                                  7200    ; Retry
                                  604800  ; Expire
                                  86400)  ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      land-5.com.

  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  KÉCXg[³ê½ BIND ÅÍA±±ÅÌáÌæ¤É $TTL ÌsªÈ¢
  ©àµêÜ¹ñB±ÌsÍÈOÍp¢çêÄ¨ç¸A 8.2 Ì BIND ¾¯ªN
  ®É±Ìsª³¢|ÌxðoµÜ·BÈ¨ BIND 9 ÅÍ $TTL ÍK{Å
  ·B

  7.4.  /var/named/zone/land-5.com

  Ü¸K{Å é SOA R[hÆA¯¶K{Ì NS R[hª èÜ·BZ
  J_Ìl[T[oª ns2.psi.net ÉpÓ³êÄ¢é±Æàí©èÜ·
  ËB±êÍ]Üµ¢ÝèÅ·BK¸TCgÌOÉobNAbvÌZJ_l
  [T[oðu×«Å·B}X^[ÌzXgÍ land-5 ÅA±ÌzXgÍ¯
  ÉeíÌC^[lbgT[rXðñµÄ¢é±Æàí©èÜ·B±êÉ
  Í (A R[hÅÈ) CNAME ªp¢çêÄ¢Ü·B

  SOA R[h©çí©éæ¤ÉA±Ì][t@CÍ land-5.com ð
  origin ÉµÄ¨èAASÒÍ root@land-5.com Å·B hostmaster àS
  ÒÌAhXÆµÄÇp¢çêÜ·BVAÔÍ yyyymmdd `®ÅA
  »ÌúÌ¤¿ÌVAÔªÇÁ³êÄ¢Ü·B±êÍ«ÁÆ 1996 N 9
   20 úÌæ 6 ÅÈÌÅµå¤BVAÔÍK¸ÁµÈ¯êÎÈçÈ
  ¢±Æðv¢oµÄ¾³¢B±±ÉÍúÌVAÔÆµÄêµ©
  g¤±ÆªÅ«Ü¹ñBµ½ªÁÄ 9 ñÏXðsÁ½çAÌÏXðs¤É
  ÍúÜÅÒ½È¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñBñg¤ûªÇ¢©àµêÜ¹ñËB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                          199609206       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
                  NS      land-5.com.
                  NS      ns2.psi.net.
                  MX      10 land-5.com.  ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  TXT     "LAND-5 Corporation"

  localhost       A       127.0.0.1

  router          A       206.6.177.1

  land-5.com.     A       206.6.177.2
  ns              A       206.6.177.3
  www             A       207.159.141.192

  ftp             CNAME   land-5.com.
  mail            CNAME   land-5.com.
  news            CNAME   land-5.com.

  funn            A       206.6.177.2

  ;
  ;       Workstations
  ;
  ws-177200       A       206.6.177.200
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177201       A       206.6.177.201
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177202       A       206.6.177.202
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177203       A       206.6.177.203
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177204       A       206.6.177.204
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177205       A       206.6.177.205
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
  ws-177250       A       206.6.177.250
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177251       A       206.6.177.251
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177252       A       206.6.177.252
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177253       A       206.6.177.253
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177254       A       206.6.177.254
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ______________________________________________________________________

  land-5 Ìl[T[oðµÄÝêÎí©èÜ·ªA{ÌzXg¼Í
  ws_number ÆÈÁÄ¢Ü·B BIND 4 ÌãÌûÌo[W©çAzXg¼É
  p¢é±ÆÌÅ«é¶ª§À³êéæ¤ÉÈèÜµ½Bµ½ªÁÄ±Ì¼O
  Í BIND 8 ÅÍS®ìµÜ¹ñ©çA±Ì HOWTO ÉfÚ·éÛÉÍ '_'
  (underline) ð '-' (dash) Åu«·¦Üµ½Bµ©µAæÉq×½æ¤
  ÉABIND 9 ÅÍÄÑ±Ì§ÀÍÈÈèÜµ½B

  à¤êÂCªÂ«Üµ½©He[NXe[VÉÍÅÊÌ¼OÍt¢Ä¨
  ç¸AvtBbNXÉ IP ÔÌÅãÌñÂªt¢½`®ÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·B
  ±Ìæ¤È½¼û@ðp¢êÎeiXÍÆÄàyÉÈèÜ·ªAââl
  ÔÆÌ«Í«¢ÌÅAÚqðCC³¹éÊÉÈÁÄµÜ¤©àµêÜ
  ¹ñB

  funn.land-5.com à land-5.com ÌGCAXÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·ªA±êÍ
  CNAME R[hÅÍÈ A R[hðp¢Ä¢Ü·B

  7.5.  /var/named/zone/206.6.177

  ±Ìt@CÉÂ¢ÄÍãÅRgµÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                                  199609206       ; Serial
                                  28800   ; Refresh
                                  7200    ; Retry
                                  604800  ; Expire
                                  86400)  ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      land-5.com.
                          NS      ns2.psi.net.
  ;
  ;       Servers
  ;
  1       PTR     router.land-5.com.
  2       PTR     land-5.com.
  2       PTR     funn.land-5.com.
  ;
  ;       Workstations
  ;
  200     PTR     ws-177200.land-5.com.
  201     PTR     ws-177201.land-5.com.
  202     PTR     ws-177202.land-5.com.
  203     PTR     ws-177203.land-5.com.
  204     PTR     ws-177204.land-5.com.
  205     PTR     ws-177205.land-5.com.
  ; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
  250     PTR     ws-177250.land-5.com.
  251     PTR     ws-177251.land-5.com.
  252     PTR     ws-177252.land-5.com.
  253     PTR     ws-177253.land-5.com.
  254     PTR     ws-177254.land-5.com.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  tø«Ì][ÍAÝèÌÅà½Ìßðø«N±·ªÆ¾¦Ü·B±
  êÍ}VÌ IP Ôªí©ÁÄ¢éêÉAzXg¼ðæ¾·é½ßÉp¢
  çêÜ·Bá¦ÎA È½ª§ÄÄ¢é FTP T[oª FTP NCAg©ç
  Ú±³ê½ÆµÜµå¤B È½Ì FTP T[oÍmEF[É éÌÅAm
  EF[Æ¼ÌXJWirAÌXÈO©çÌÚ±Í½ßÉA¼ÌX©ç
  ÌÚ±ÍÈßÉ§Àµ½¢ÆµÜ·BNCAg©çÚ±³êéÆA C
  CuÉæÁÄÚ±µÄ«½}VÌ IP Ôðmé±ÆªÅ«Ü·BÈ
  ºÈçNCAgÌ IP ÔÍAlbg[Nð^ÎêÄ«½ IP pPbg
  Ì»ê¼êÉ«ÜêÄ¢é©çÅ·B±±Å gethostbyaddr Æ¢¤Ö
  ðÄ×ÎA IP Ô©çzXgÌ¼Oðø±ÆªÅ«Ü·B gethostbyaddr
  Í DNS T[oÉqËA DNS T[oÍ DNS ©ç»Ì}VðTµÜ·BÚ±
  µÄ«½NCAgÍ ws-177200.land-5.com ¾Á½ÆµÄÝÜµå¤B C
  Cuª IRC T[oÉn· IP ÔÍ 206.6.177.200 ÆÈèÜ·Bµ½
  ªÁÄ¼Oðø½ßÉÍ 200.177.6.206.in-addr.arpa ð©Â¯éKvª 
  èÜ·B DNS T[oÍÜ¸ arpa. ÌT[oÉâ¢í¹ðµA in-
  addr.arpa. ÌT[oð³¦Äàç¢Ü·B±¢Ä 206, 6 ðtÉHÁ
  ÄAÅãÉ Land-5 Ì][Å é 177.6.206.in-addr.arpa ][ð©µ
  Ü·BÅãÉT[oÍA»±©ç 200.177.6.206.in-addr.arpa ÉÎ·é¦
  ðüèµÜ·B ``PTR ws-177200.land-5.com'' R[h©çA
  206.6.177.200 Í ws-177200.land-5.com Å é±Æªí©èÜ·B

  FTP T[oÍXJWirAÌXA·Èí¿ *.no, *.se, *.dk ©çÌÚ±
  ðDæµÜ·ªA ws-177200.land-5.com Í¾ç©ÉÈãÌÇêÉà}b`µ
  Ü¹ñ©çAT[oÍ±Ìß±ðAohªæè¬³AÅåÚ±àÈ
  ¢NXÉèÄÜ·B 206.2.177.200 ÉÎ·étø«}bvª»à»à
  in-addr.arpa ][É¶ÝµÈ¯êÎAT[oÍµÄ¼Oð©Â¯é±Æ
  ªÅ«Ü¹ñ©çA 206.2.177.200 »ÌàÌð *.no, *.se, *.dk Æärµ
  Ü·BÇêÉà}b`·éí¯ÍÈAT[oÍNXÌèÄªÅ«È¢
  »Ìß±ðAÛ·é±Æà è¾Ü·B

  tø«}bvªdvÈÌÍT[o¾¯¾AÆ¢¤lâA»à»àtø«}bv
  ÈñÄSRå¶áÈ¢ñ¾AÈñÄ¢¤lª¢é©àµêÜ¹ñB±êÍÔ
  á¢Å·B½Ì ftp, news, IRC T[oÅÍtø«ÌÅ«È¢}V©çÌ
  Ú±ðÛµÜ· (WWW T[oÉ³¦Û·éàÌà èÜ·)BÅ·©ç}
  V¼Ìtø«}bvÍÀÌÆ±ëÍK{ÈÌÅ·B

  8.  eiX

  ®ìðÛ·é½ßÉ

  named ÉÍA½¾ç¹éÈOÉàêÂÛçìÆª èÜ·B root.hints
  t@CðÅVÌóÔÉÛÂìÆÅ·BêÔÈPÈÌÍ dig ðg¤âèûÅ
  ·BÜ¸ø«ÈµÅ dig ð®©·ÆA»ÝT[oÅgÁÄ¢é root.hints
  Ìàeª\¦³êÜ·BÉXg³êÄ¢é[gT[oÌ¢¸ê©ÉÎµ
  Ä dig @rootserver Ìæ¤Éâ¢í¹ðs¢Ü·BoÍÊÍ root.hints
  ÌàeÉÆÄàæÄ¢éÍ¸Å·B±ÌÊð dig @e.root-servers.net
  . ns > root.cache.new Ìæ¤ÉÛ¶µÄAÃ¢ root.hints Æu«·¦Ü
  ·B

  LbVt@CðüêÖ¦½ãÉÍ named ÉÄÇÝÝ³¹éÌð¨Y
  êÈB

  Al Longyear ªXNvgðÁÄêÜµ½B©®IÉ root.hints ðXV
  µÄêéàÌÅ·B±êðÉêxN®·é crontab ÌGgðCX
  g[·êÎAãÍS¨Ü©¹Å·BXNvgÅÍA[ª¿áñÆ®
  ìµÄ¢ÄA[GCAXÆµÄ `hostmaster' ªè`³êÄ¢é±Æð
  OñÆµÄ¢Ü·B È½ÌÝèÉ í¹ÄnbN·éKvª èÜ·B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  #!/bin/sh
  #
  # Update the nameserver cache information file once per month.
  # This is run automatically by a cron entry.
  #
  # Original by Al Longyear
  # Updated for BIND 8 by Nicolai Langfeldt
  # Miscelanious error-conditions reported by David A. Ranch
  # Ping test suggested by Martin Foster
  # named up-test suggested by Erik Bryer.
  #
  (
   echo "To: hostmaster <hostmaster>"
   echo "From: system <root>"

   # Is named up? Check the status of named.
   case `rndc status 2>&1` in
      *refused*)
          echo "named is DOWN. root.hints was NOT updated"
          echo
          exit 0
          ;;
   esac

   PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:
   export PATH
   # NOTE: /var/named must be writable only by trusted users or this script
   # will cause root compromise/denial of service opportunities.
   cd /var/named 2>/dev/null || {
      echo "Subject: Cannot cd to /var/named, error $?"
      echo
      echo "The subject says it all"
      exit 1
   }

   # Are we online?  Ping a server at your ISP
   case `ping -qnc 1 some.machine.net 2>&1` in
     *'100% packet loss'*)
          echo "Subject: root.hints NOT updated.  The network is DOWN."
          echo
          echo "The subject says it all"
          exit 1
          ;;
   esac

   dig @e.root-servers.net . ns >root.hints.new 2> errors

   case `cat root.hints.new` in
     *NOERROR*)
          # It worked
          :;;
     *)
          echo "Subject: The root.hints file update has FAILED."
          echo
          echo "The root.hints update has failed"
          echo "This is the dig output reported:"
          echo
          cat root.hints.new errors
          exit 1
          ;;
   esac

   echo "Subject: The root.hints file has been updated"
   echo
   echo "The root.hints file has been updated to contain the following
  information:"
   echo
   cat root.hints.new

   chown root.root root.hints.new
   chmod 444 root.hints.new
   rm -f root.hints.old errors
   mv root.hints root.hints.old
   mv root.hints.new root.hints
   rndc restart
   echo
   echo "The nameserver has been restarted to ensure that the update is complete."
   echo "The previous root.hints file is now called
  /var/named/root.hints.old."
  ) 2>&1 | /usr/lib/sendmail -t
  exit 0
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ó: óÒÍÜ¾ BIND 8 ÈÌÅ±ÌXNvgðµÄ¢È¢ÌÅ·ªA
  rndc restart Æ¢¤R}hÍ rndc stop; named Åu«·¦È¢Æ¢¯È
  ¢æ¤ÈCªµÜ·B

  root.hints Í Internic ©ç ftp ÅàüèÅ«éAÆ¾¤±Æð·ÅÉ²¶
  ¶Ìûà¢é©àµêÜ¹ñBÅ·ª root.hints ÌXVÉ ftp ÍgíÈ¢
  æ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢BãLÌû@ÌÙ¤ªA¸ÁÆulbg (Æ Internic)
  ÉDµ¢vÌÅ·B

  9.  BIND 9 ÉÚs·é

  BIND 9 ÌzzA[JCuâApbP[W»³ê½o[WÉÍA
  migration Æ¢¤¶ªÜÜêÄ¨èA»±É BIND 8 ©ç BIND 9 ÉÚs·
  é½ßÌîñªLq³êÄ¢Ü·B±Ì¶ÍñíÉí©èâ·©êÄ¢
  Ü·BoCipbP[WðCXg[µ½êÍA
  /usr/share/doc/bind* â /usr/doc/bind*  ½èÉu©êÄ¢éÆv¢Ü
  ·B

  BIND 4 ðgÁÄ¢élÍA¯¶êÉ é migration-4to9 ð©Ä¾³
  ¢B

  10.  Q & A

  É[·éOÉAÜ¸±ÌÍðÇñÅ¾³¢B

  1. Ì named ÅÍ named.boot t@CªKvÆ¾íêÜ·

     ÇñÅ¢é HOWTO ªÔáÁÄ¢Ü·B±Ì HOWTO ÌÃ¢ÅÅÍ bind 4
     Ì±ÆðµÁÄ¢Ü·ÌÅA»¿çðÇñÅ¾³¢B
     <http://langfeldt.net/DNS-HOWTO/> É èÜ·B

  2. t@CAEH[ÌÅ DNS ðg¤ÉÍH

     qgB forward only;BÜ½

     ___________________________________________________________________
       query-source port 53;

     ___________________________________________________________________

  ª named.conf t@CÌ ``options'' ÌªÉKvÉÈéÅµå¤B
  ``LbVêpÌl[T[o'' ÌßÉ éáÅ¿åÁÆGêÜµ½ËB

  3. DNS ÉæÁÄA éT[rXÉÎ·éAhXðJèÉÜí· (round-
     robin ·é) ÉÍÇ¤·êÎÇ¢Å·©HÂÜèá¦Î www.busy.site É
     Î·é×ðªU³¹éæ¤É·éÉÍÇ¤·êÎÇ¢Åµå¤©B

     www.busy.site ÉÎ·é A R[hð¡pÓµÄA 4.9.3 È~Ì BIND
     ðp¢Üµå¤B BIND Íñð round-robin µÄêÜ·BÃ¢ÅÌ
     BIND ÅÍA±êÍ®ìµÜ¹ñB

  4. (N[YÈ) CglbgÅ DNS ðg¢½¢ÌÅ·BÇ¤·êÎÇ¢
     Å·©H

     root.hints t@CðgíÈ¢æ¤ÉµÄA][t@C¾¯ðg¢Ü
     µå¤B root.hints t@Cð¢¿¢¿XV·éKvàÈ¢í¯Å·B

  5. ZJ_ (X[u) Ìl[T[oðÝè·éÉÍH

     vC} (}X^) ÌT[oªAAhX 127.0.0.1 ¾Á½ÆµÄAÈ
     ºÌæ¤ÈsðZJ_Ì named.conf ÉLqµÜ·B

     ___________________________________________________________________
       zone "linux.bogus" {
             type slave;
             file "sz/linux.bogus";
             masters { 127.0.0.1; };
       };

     ___________________________________________________________________

  zone îñðæÁÄ±êé}X^T[oª¼Éà éêÍA masters Xg
  É `;' (Z~R) ÅæØÁÄÇÁ·é±ÆàÅ«Ü·B

  6. net ©çØf³êÄ¢éÆ«Éà BIND ð®ì³¹Ä¨«½¢ñÅ·ªB

     ±êÉÖAµ½Lð 4 ÂÐîµÜµå¤B

     o  BIND 8/9 ÉÁ»µ½âèûð Adam L Rice ªdq[Å³¦Äê
        Üµ½B_CAAbvÌ}VÅ DNS ðèÔð©¯¸É®ì³¹é
        û@Å·B

     ÍAÅßÌo[WÌ BIND ÅÍA±ê [Ò: t@CðØè
     Ö¦é] ªà¤sKvÅ é±ÆÉCªÂ«Üµ½B "forwarders"
     wèÌ¼É"forward" wèªÂ\ÉÈÁÄ¢ÄAãÒÅOÒÌgíêûð
     §äÅ«éæ¤ÉÈÁÄ¢½ñÅ·BftHgÌÝèÍ
     "forward first" ÅA ÅÉ»ê¼êÌ forwarders Éâ¢í¹ðs¢A
     ¸sµ½êÉÍ¶ßÄ©ª©gÅ·«Ý²¸ðnßÜ·B±êª
     CªØêÄ¢éÉ gethostbyname() Éâ½çÆÔª©©ÁÄ
     µÜ¤A¨È¶ÝÌUé¢Å·Bµ©µ "forward only" ðÝèµÄ
     ¨ÆA BIND Í forwarders ©ç½ªAÁÄ±È¢Æ·®É
      «çßÜ·Bµ½ªÁÄ gethostbyname() à¬â©ÉÔÁÄé
     ±ÆÉÈèÜ·BÅ·©çZIðgÁÄ /etc Ìt@CðØèÖ¦A
     T[oðÄN®·éKvÍÈ¢ÌÅ·B

     ÌêÅÍAÈºÌsð named.conf t@CÌ options { }
     ZNVÉÇÁ·é¾¯Åµ½B

     forward only;
     forwarders { 193.133.58.5; };

     ÆÁÄà¤Ü®ìµÄÜ·B±Ìû@Ì½¾êÂÌ_ÍAñíÉ
     ôû³ê½ DNS \tgEFAðALbV®ì¾¯µ©µÈ¢
     P@\È\tgÉµÄµÜ¤AÆ¢¤±ÆÅ·B½¾ DNS LbV
     ¾¯ð·é\tgª êÎÍÀÍ»Á¿ðg¢½¢ñÅ·¯ÇA
     Linux ÅÍ»Ìæ¤È\tgÍÈ¢Ý½¢Å·ËB

     o  ÈºÌLÍ Ian Clard <ic@deakin.edu.au> ©çàçÁ½[Å
        ·BÞÌâèûðà¾µÄêÄ¢Ü·B

          IP }XJ[hð³¹Ä¢éè³Ì}VÅ named ðç¹Ä¢Ü·B
          root.hints t@CðñÂpÓµÜ·BêÂÍ root.hints.real ÅA
          {¨Ì root T[oÌ¼Oª©êÄ¢Ü·Bà¤êÂÍ
          root.hints.fake ÅA»ÌàeÍ...

          ----
          ; root.hints.fake
          ; this file contains no information
          ----

          Å·BØf·éÆ«ÉÍ root.hints.fake t@Cð root.hints É
          Rs[µÄ named ðÄN®µÜ·B

          Ú±·éÆ«ÉÍ root.hints.real t@Cð root.hints ÉRs[
          µÄ named ðÄN®µÜ·B

          ±êçÍ ip-down Æ ip-up Å»ê¼ê©®Às³¹Ä¢Ü·B

          ItCÌÉhC¼ÉÎ·éâ¢í¹ðs¤ÆAnamed Í
          »êçÉt¢ÄmèÜ¹ñ©çAÈºÌæ¤ÈGgð messages É
          oÍµÜ·B

          Jan 28 20:10:11 hazchem named[10147]: No root nameserver for class IN

          ±êÍCÉµÈÄà©Ü¢Ü¹ñB

          ÌÆ±ëÅÍ±êÅSâèÈ®ìµÄ¢Ü·Blbg©çØf
          ³êÄ¢éÆ«ÍA[J}VÌl[T[oðOÌhC¼É
          Î·é^CAEgÌÒ¿ÔÈµÅg¦Ü·µAÚ±³êÄ¢éÆ«
          ÉÍOÌhCÉÎ·éâ¢í¹ðÊÉs¤±ÆªÅ«Ä¢Ü·B

     µ©µAPeter Denison Í Ian ÌâèûªÜ¾[ªÅÈ¢Æ³¦ÄêÜ
     µ½BÞÌbZ[WÉæéÆ:

          IC) LbV³ê½Gg (Æ[JlbgÌGg) Í
                        ½¾¿Éñ·éBLbV³êÄ¢È¢GgÉÂ¢ÄÍA
                        ©ªÌ ISP Ìl[T[oÉtH[h·éB
          ItC) [Jlbg[NÖAÌâí¹Í½¾¿Éñ·éB
                        »Ì¼Ìâí¹ÉÂ¢ÄÍ **½¾¿É** ¸s·éB

          root LbVt@CÌÏXÆAâí¹ÌtH[hÆÌgÝí¹Í
          ¤Ü®ìµÜ¹ñB

          »±ÅAÍñÂÌ named ð (næ LUG Åc_µÈªç) ÈºÌæ¤É
          ÝèµÜµ½B

          named-online:   ISP Ìl[T[oÖtH[h
                          localnet ][Ì}X^[
                          localnet Ìtø«][ (1.168.192.in-addr.arpa) Ì}X^[
                          0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Ì}X^[
                          |[g 60053 ÅÒ@

          named-offline:  tH[hðsíÈ¢
                          root LbVt@CÍuÉ¹àÌvÉ·é
                          3 ÂÌ[J][ÌX[u (}X^[Í 127.0.0.1:60053)
                          |[g 61053 ÅÒ@

          »µÄ±êð|[gtH[hÆgÝí¹A|[g 53 ðItCÌÉÍ
          61053 ÉAICÌÉÍ 60053 ÉtH[hµÜ· (Í 2.3.18 Å
          Vµ¢ netfilter pbP[Wðg¢Üµ½ªAÈOÌ (ipchains) Ì@\Åà
          ®ì·éÍ¸Å·B

          ½¾µ±êÍ}VÌO¤©çÌâí¹ÉÍ®ìµÜ¹ñB BIND 8.2 ÉÍ
          ¬³ÈoOª ÁÄAX[uð}X^[Æ¯¶ IP AhXÅÍ (|[gª
          ÙÈÁÄà) ¯É®ìÅ«È¢©çÅ· (JÒÉÍmç¹Üµ½)B
          ¾ç©Èpb`ÈÌÅA¨»ç·®É¼éÅµå¤B

     o  Øf³êÄ¢éÔÌ·¢}VÉ¨¢ÄABIND ªNFS â|[g}b
        pÆÇÌæ¤ÉÝìp·éÌ©ÉÖ·éîñà¢½¾«Üµ½B
        Karl-Max Wanger ©çÅ·B

     C^[lbgÉÎµÄfoRÅ½ÜÉµ©Ú±µÈ¢}VÉÍA
     Í·×Ä named ðç¹Ä¢Üµ½Bl[T[oÍLbVÆ
     µÄÌÝ®ìµA authority ðàÂ zone ÍÛL¹¸A·×Äð
     root.cache t@CÉ©ê½l[T[oÉâ¢í¹ÉsÝèÉ
     µÄ¢Üµ½B Slackware Ì¬VÉ]¢Anamed Í nfsd â mountd Ì
     OÉN®µÄ¢Üµ½B

     }VÌ¤¿ÌêÂ (Libretto 30 notebook) ÅAâèªN±èÜµ½B
     Ì[JÈ LAN ÉÂÈªÁÄ¢é¼Ì}V©çA»Ì}Vð
     mount Å«ÈÈÁÄµÜ¤ÌÅ· (²½ÜÉÅ«éà èÜ·ª)B
     ±êÍÚ±`®ÉË¶¹¸A PLIP Åà PCMCIA ÌC[TlbgJ[hÅàA
     VAoRÌ PPP Åà¯¶æ¤ÉN±èÜµ½B

     µÎçÀ±Æl@ðsÁ½ãAÈºÌæ¤È_ÉBµÜµ½B
     nfsd Æ mountd ªN®É portmapper ÉÎµÄsÁ½o^®ì
     (Í±êçÌf[ðAÊíÊèu[gÉX^[gµÄ¢Üµ½)
     ðA named Íß¿áß¿áÉµÄµÜ¤ÌÅ·B named ÌN®ð
     nfsd Æ mountd Ì ÆÉs¤æ¤Éµ½Æ±ëA±ÌâèÍ®SÉ
     ðµÜµ½B

     u[gÌð±Ìæ¤ÉÏX·é±ÆÉæésÍÜÁ½ èÜ¹ñ
     ©çAöÝIÈâèðð¯é½ßÉA±Ìæ¤É·é±Æð·×ÄÌ
     F³ñÉ¨Eßµ½¢Æv¢Ü·B

  7. LbVl[T[oÍÇ±ÉLbVðÛ¶µÄ¢éÌHLb
     VÌTCYÍ§äÅ«Ü·©H

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     RFC 2671
        P. Vixie, Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0) August 1999.

     RFC 2317
        BCP 20, H. Eidnes et. al. Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation,
        March 1998. This is about CIDR, or classless subnet reverse
        lookups.

     RFC 2308
        M. Andrews, Negative Caching of DNS Queries, March 1998.  About
        negative caching and the $TTL zone file directive.

     RFC 2219
        BCP 17, M. Hamilton and R. Wright, Use of DNS Aliases for
        Network Services, October 1997.  About CNAME usage.

     RFC 2182
        BCP 16, R. Elz et. al., Selection and Operation of Secondary DNS
        Servers, July 1997.

     RFC 2052
        A. Gulbrandsen, P. Vixie, A DNS RR for specifying the location
        of services (DNS SRV), October 1996

     RFC 1918
        Y. Rekhter, R. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, G. de Groot, E. Lear,
        Address Allocation for Private Internets, 02/29/1996.

     RFC 1912
        D. Barr, Common DNS Operational and Configuration Errors,
        02/28/1996.

     RFC 1912 Errors
        B. Barr Errors in RFC 1912.  Only available at
        <http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/rfc1912-errors.html>

     RFC 1713
        A. Romao, Tools for DNS debugging, 11/03/1994.

     RFC 1712
        C. Farrell, M. Schulze, S. Pleitner, D. Baldoni, DNS Encoding of
        Geographical Location, 11/01/1994.

     RFC 1183
        R. Ullmann, P. Mockapetris, L. Mamakos, C. Everhart, New DNS RR
        Definitions, 10/08/1990.

     RFC 1035
        P. Mockapetris, Domain names - implementation and specification,
        11/01/1987.

     RFC 1034
        P. Mockapetris, Domain names - concepts and facilities,
        11/01/1987.

     RFC 1033
        M. Lottor, Domain administrators operations guide, 11/01/1987.

     RFC 1032
        M. Stahl, Domain administrators guide, 11/01/1987.

     RFC 974
        C. Partridge, Mail routing and the domain system, 01/01/1986.