Sophie: howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0 noarch

howto-text-ja-2006-5mdv2010.0.noarch.rpm

  The Linux ELF HOWTO
  Daniel Barlow <daniel.barlow@linux.org>
  1996/07/14
  ±¶ÜÝÂÐë <isle@st.rim.or.jp> (11/4)

  ±Ì¶Í È½Ì Linux VXeÅ ELF oCi`®ÌvOðR
  pCµÄ®©·½ßÌû@ðÜÆß½àÌÅ·B±Ì¶Íå«A(1)ELF
  ÆÍ½©AÈºÚsµÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢©A(2)Ç¤·êÎ ELF `®ªg¦é
  æ¤ÉÈéÌ©A(3)ELF É·êÎ½ªÅ«éÌ©AÆ¢¤ 3 ÂÌªÉª©
  êÄ¢Ü·Bª¤É¢»µñÅ¢étðµÄ¢éÔA±Ì¶ÍúÁ½
  ç©µÉÈÁÄ¢Üµ½ªAÅß Linux 2.0 ÌîñðÇÁµÄSÌðI[o
  [z[µÜµ½B

  Ó: ±Ì¶Í©ÈèÈOÉ©ê½àÌÈÌÅA¢ÜÇ«Ì Linux Â«
  ÉÍ ÄÍÜçÈ¢Óª èÜ·B (JF Project)

  1.  ELF ÆÍ½©H ÈPÈÐî

  ELF(Executable and Linking Format)Í³X USL(Unix System Laboratories)
  ÅJ³ê½oCi`®ÅA»ÝÍ Solaris â System V Release 4 ªÌ
  pµÄ¢Ü·B Linux ª©ÁÄgÁÄ¢½ a.out `®Éä×ÄAELF `®Í
  _î«ÉxÞÌÅAGCC Æ C CuÌJÒ½¿Í Linux ÌWIÈo
  Ci`®ð ELF Éµæ¤ÆèµÜµ½B

  u_î«ÉxÞvÆ¢¤ÌÍAWIÈAvP[VvO}É 2 Â
  Ì_ð^¦Ü·B

  o  ELF `®ðg¦Î¤LCuª¸ÁÆÈPÉì¬Å«Ü·BÊíA
     -fPICIvVðt¯ÄRpCµ½IuWFNgt@CðA

        gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libfoo.so.y -o libfoo.so.y.x *.o

  Æ¢¤R}hCÅN·é¾¯Å·B

  ±êª¡GÉ©¦éæ¤ÈçÎA½ª a.out `®Å¯¶æ¤È¤LCu
  ðìéû@ðä¶mÈ¢ÌÅµå¤Ba.out `®Å¤LCuðìé½
  ßÉÍACuð 2 xRpCµÄACuª«g¤Å ë¤
  SÄÌf[^Ì½ßÌóÔð ç©¶ß\ñµA\ñ³ê½AhXóÔÍS
  ÄÌJÒÔÅo^µÄ¨©ËÎÈèÜ¹ñ(ÚµÍ
  <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/src/tools-2.17.tar.gz> É
   é 20y[Wð´¦é¶ð²¾³¢)B

  o  ®I[fBO(®ìÌvOªW[ð[hÅ«é@
     \)ð¸ÁÆPÉÀ»Å«éB±Ì@\Í Perl 5 â Python, Java ÈÇ
     ÅgíêÄ¢Ü·(³Ü´ÜÈíÞÌC^[v^ÌN®ÉgíêÜ
     ·)B®I[fBO@\Ìà¤êÂÌg¢¹Í super-fast MUD Å·B
     ±ÌêAvOðâ~µÄÄN®·é±ÆÈAVµ¢vO
     ðRpCµÄ®¢Ä¢évOÉgÝ±Þ±ÆªÂ\ÉÈèÜ
     ·B

  ±Ìæ¤È_ÉÎµÄAELF ðg¤Æ½xÈéAÆ¢¤½_à èÜ
  ·B 1% ©ç 5% ç¢xÈéÆ¢¤ÌªÊàÅ·ªAÀÛÌeXgª¦·
  Êð©éÆA»Ì·Í¯ÉNÁÄ¢é³Ü´ÜÈmCYÉB³êÄµÜ¤
  öxÌàÌÌæ¤Å·BTeX â Postscript Ìr[/v^ðÁÄ¢
  êÎA SunSite ÈÇ©ç speed.comp-1.0.tar.gz Æ¢¤ ELF Æ a.out Ì¬
  xðärµ½_¶ðüèµÄÇÞÌà¢¢Åµå¤B

  ELF `®ªxÈéÌÍ ELF ÌCuR[hª|WVCfyf
  gÅÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢±ÆÉRµÜ·(RpCÌ -fPIC IvV
  ªÓ¡·é±ÆÅ·)B|WVCfyfgÅ é½ßAêÂÌW
  X^ðItZbgÛpÉgíÈ¯êÈÎÈçÈÈèÜ·B»Ì½ßAÏ
  ðÛ¶·éÌÉg¦éWX^ªêÂ¸ÁÄµÜ¢Ü·BÁÉ 80x86 CPU Å
  ÍêÊIÉg¦éWX^ª³Xs«µÄ¢Ü·B¬xÉ·ªoéÌÍ¤L
  CuÌR[hÉÀçêÄ¢é±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢BAvP[V
  âJ[lÅÍ a.out Æ ELF ÌÔÅ¬x·Í èÜ¹ñB

  1.1.  ELF Í½ÅÍÈ¢©H

  ELF »·êÎ½ªÅ«é©ÉÂ¢ÄA½ÌëðªLÜÁÄ¢Ü·B

     SVR4 â Solaris ÌvOð®©·½ßÌàÌÅÍ èÜ¹ñ
        ELF Í SVR4 VXeÆ¯¶`®ÌoCiÌ`eí'Å·ªA¾©çÆ
        ¾ÁÄA ELF É·êÎ SVR4 pÌvOªËR Linux Åàg¦é
        í¯ÅÍ èÜ¹ñB±ÌÖWÍfBXNtH[}bgÆÄ¢éÅ
        µå¤ -- Linux ÌvOð MSDOS â Minix ÌtH[}bgÌ
        fBXNÉÛ¶µ½èA»ÌtàÂ\Å·ªA¾©çÆ¢ÁÄ»ê¼ê
        ÌVXeªÝ¢ÌvOðÀsÅ«éí¯ÅÍ èÜ¹ñB

        (»ÌvO©gÉË¶µÜ·ª)¼Ì x86 Unix pÌvOð
        Linux Å®©·±ÆàÂ\©àmêÜ¹ñªA±Ì HOWTO ÅÍA»Ì
        ½ßÌà¾ÍvµÜ¹ñBÜ¸(tsx-11.mit.edu ÈÇÉ é)iBCS J[
        lW[ÉÂ¢Ä²×é±Æ©çnßÜµå¤B

     vOª¬³Èéí¯ÅàA¬Èéí¯Åà èÜ¹ñB
        ¸ÁÆÈPÉ¤LCuªìêéæ¤ÉÈÁ½ÌÅA¡ÌvO
        ÔÅ¤ÊµÄ¢éR[hðCu»·êÎAÊÆµÄæè¬
        ³ÈvOðì¬·±ÆàÂ\©àmêÜ¹ñªAêÊIÉ¾Á
        ÄA¯¶RpCIvVðwèµÄoCiª a.out æèà¬
        ³ÈÁ½ÈçA½Ü½Ü^ªÇ©Á½©ARpCÌo[Wª
        á¤½ßÅµå¤Bàµu¬vÈÁ½çA¿åÁÆÑÁèÅ·B¤
        LCuðpµÄvOª¬³ÈÁ½½ßAXbvª
        ¸Á½èAæè½ÌðpÅ«éæ¤ÉÈÁ½ÈçÎA¬È
        é±Æà è¦Ü·ªB

     SÄÌoCiðu«Ö¦éKvÍ èÜ¹ñ
        ±Ì¶ÌèÉ]¦ÎAELF Æ a.out ÌoûðRpCµÄ®©
        ·VXeð\zÅ«Ü·BVµ¢vOÍftHgÅÍ ELF
        `®ÉRpC³êÜ·ªA±êÍR}hCXCb`ÅÏXÅ
        «Ü·BELFÆ a.out ð¯É®©µ½êA¼ûÌ C Cuð
        ÇÝ±ÜÈ¯êÎÈçÈÈéÈÇA½Ìgpø¦Í«Èè
        Ü·BàÁÆàA±Ì·Íð 6Mb Ïñ¾}VÅÍÙÆñÇC
        Ã©È¢öx¾»¤Å·ÌÅ(8Mb Ì}VÅÍàÁÆCÃ«Ü¹ñÅ
        µ½)A ÜèCÉ·é±Æà³¢Åµå¤B½µëAEmacs âÃI
        N³ê½ Mosaic/Netscape Æ¢Á½ðåH¢·évO
        ðúÌæ¤É gÁÄ¢éÅµåH :-)

     g[LÆÍÖW èÜ¹ñ
        ÈÆà±Ì¶¬É¨¢ÄÍB

  1.2.  Èº ELF ÖÚs·×«©

  ELF ðg¦éæ¤ÉVXeðAbvO[h·éÌÉÍAåÉ 2 ÂÌR
  ª èÜ·FÜ¸æêÉAãqµ½æ¤ÉvOª¸ÁÆ_îÉÅ«é±
  ÆBæñÉAæêÆàÖAµÜ·ªA¾êàª»¤µæ¤ÆµÄ¢é( é¢
  ÍùÉ»¤µ½)©çB«Ì C Cuâ GCC Í ELF pÌÝª[X
  ³êÜ·µA»êÈOÌvOÌJÒ½¿à ELF ÌûÖiÞÍ¸Å
  ·B

  ELF ÌÀè«ÉsÀð´¶Ä¢élXà¢Ü·(ùõÈbÅÍ èÜ¹ñªA
  RÌ±ÆÅ·)BLinux Ì¢EÅ ELF Í 1994 NÌÄ©ç¶ÝµÄ¢Üµ
  ½B»Ìã 1995 NÌ 5 © 6 ²ëêÊÉöJ³êÜµ½B»ÝÅÍAv
  ½IÈâèÍ¶ÝµÈ¢Åµå¤Bå«Èo[WAbvð·éÉµÎµ
  ÎN«éæ¤ÉA«¿ñÆ®¢Ä¢éVXeðóµ©ËÈ¢Æ´¶Ä¢él
  à¢é©àmêÜ¹ñBÅàA±Ìo[WAbvÍàÍâÅæ[ÌZpÅ
  Í èÜ¹ñBJpÌVXeâ¼ÌlªRpCµ½oCið®©µ
  ½¢êÅÍAELF ÍK{ÌàÌÉÈèÂÂ èÜ·BJ[lð v2.0 Éo
  [WAbv·éÛÉ ELF ÖXCb`·é±Æðl¦Ä¾³¢B

  1.3.  ELF ÖÌÚsÌdû

  ±Ì HOWTO ªÅÉ©ê½ÉÍ ELF ÖÚs·éû@ÍA±±Éq×½û
  @êÂµ© èÜ¹ñÅµ½B¡úÅÍAi¿ÅÈPÉVµ¢o[Wð
  CXg[Å«éæ¤ÈfBXgr[Và¶ÝµÜ·B È½Ì}
  Vð¨DÝÌÝèÉ`[jO·é±ÆÉ©©éÔðl¦éÆAÈºÉ
  q×éCuâRpCð²¿á²¿áÉµÄµÜ¤æèÍKvÈf[
  ^ðSÄobNAbvµÄÅVÌ Red Hat â Debian ðCXg[µÄµ
  ÜÁ½ûª¢¢©àmêÜ¹ñB

  ²µÄ¨«Ü·ªAÈºÉq×éCXg[û@Í»ê©gÆµÄÍÈP
  ÈdÅ·(Vµ¢\tgEFAð_E[h·éÔð¯ÎêÔà 
  êÎ\ªÅµå¤)ªAVXeªÄN®Å«ÈÈéæ¤È¸sÌÂ\«à
   ¿±¿É èÜ·B¤LCuðo[WAbvµ½È©Á½èA
  ldconfig â ldd Æ¢Á½R}hðä¶mÈ©Á½èA\[XR[h©çK
  vÈvOðì¬·éÌªÊ|¾Á½è·éÈçÎAuæèÈPÈû@v
  ðIÔûª¢¢Åµå¤B»êàÈêAÆÉ©±¤¢¤Él¦ÄÝÄ
  ¾³¢ -- u®SÈ ELF VXevÌ½ßÉÍAN©ª SÄÌoCið
  »ÌãÅRpCµ¼³È¯êÎÈçÈ¢ÌÅ·B

  »êÅàâèÜ·©H

  2.  CXg[

  2.1.  obNOEh

  ±±É¦·ÚsèÌÚIÍAa.out Æ ELF ÌoûðRpCµÄ®©·
  ±ÆÌÅ«éVXeð\z·é±ÆÅ·B»Ì½ßÉÍoûÌvOª
  KØÈ¤LCuð©Â¯çêÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB±Ì½ßÉÍA¼Ì
  ¢Â©ÌVXeªâÁÄ¢éæ¤ÉAPÉ `/lib Æ /usr/lib »µÄ
  RpCÉwè³ê½fBNgðSÄT·' Æ¢¤û@æèà½È
  èÆà«¢û@ªKvÅ·B

  «¢û@ÌSÉÊu·éÌªVXeÌãÉêÂA é¢ÍñÂA¶Ý·é
  ®I[_Å·Ba.out ÌvOpÉÍ /lib/ld.soA ELF ÌvO
  pÉÍ /lib/ld-linux.so.1 ª»ê¼ê®I[_ÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·BRpC
  âJÍoÍ·évOÉCuÖÌâÎpXðß±Þ±ÆÍ
  µÜ¹ñB»ÌãèÉACu¼ÆKØÈ®I[_ÖÌâÎpXðß
  ±ÝÜ·B»µÄAÀsÉA(®I[_ª)KØÈCuÉÑÂ¯é
  í¯Å·B±±ÉdvÈé§ª èÜ· -- ·Èí¿A évOªgÁ
  Ä¢éCuªÊÌfBNgÉ®©³êÄàAvOðÄRp
  C·éKvÍÈAld.so ( é¢Íld-linux.so.1) ÉVµ¢fBNg
  ðTµÉsæ¤Éw¦·é¾¯ÅÏÝÜ·B±êªÈºÉq×éfBNg
  ðüêÖ¦éìÌqÅ·B

  ãL©ç±©êé_ÆµÄAld.so ðíµ½èÚ®³¹½è·êÎA®I
  NðgÁÄ¢évOÍSÄ@\µÈÈéAÆ¢¤±Æªí©èÜ
  ·B±êÍÇÈ¢±ÆÅ éAÆêÊÉl¦çêÄ¢Ü·B

  Å·©çAî{IÈvæÆµÄÍAELF pÌJÂ«(RpCACN
  [ht@CACu)ðA¡Í a.out pÌàÌª é
  /usr/{bin,lib,include}Éu«Aa.out ÖAÌt@CÍ
  /usr/i486-linuxaout/{bin, lib, include} ÖÚ·±ÆÉµÜ·B
  /etc/ld.so.conf ÍCuª©Â©éÅ ë¤êSÄÌXgÉÈÁÄ
  ¨èAldconfig Í ELF Æ a.out ð©í¯é\ÍðÁÄ¢Ü·B

  CuÌêÉÍ½ÌáOª èÜ·B

  o  Ã¢vOÌ¢Â©Í ld.so ðgí¸ÉìçêÄ¢Ü·B±êçÌ
     vOÍCuªÊÌêÉÚ®·êÎ®©ÈÈèÜ·BÅ·
     ©çAàµ»Ìæ¤ÈvOðgÁÄ¢éÈçÎA libc.so* â
     libm.so Í/lib É»ÌÜÜcµÄ¨©ËÎÈèÜ¹ñBELF pÌCu
     Íåo[WÔªÙÈÁÄ¢éÌÅAa.out Æ¯¶fBNgÉ
     u¢Äàã«µÄµÜ¤±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñBÃ¢ X ÖAÌCu
     (version 6 ÈO)à»ÌÜÜÌêÉcµÄ¨Ìª¢¢Åµå¤Bê
     ûAVµ¢o[W(libX*so.6 ÍÊÌêÉu©ËÎÈèÜ¹ñBÃ¢
     Cuð®©·ÆAxview ÖAÌvOª®©ÈÈèAVµ¢
     CuðÊÌêÉuæ¤ÉµÈ¢Æ ELF pÌ X CuðC
     Xg[µ½ÛÉÃ¢àÌÉã«µÄµÜ¢Ü·B

     ãLÈOÌCuðKvÆ·é ld.so ðgÁÄ¢È¢vOð¨
     ¿Èç(ÇÌvOªY·é©ªÁÄ¢êÎAOàÁÄ»êçÌv
     Oð ldd Å²×ÄAKvÈCuð`FbNµÄ¨«Üµå
     ¤)A2 ÂÌû@ª èÜ·BêÂÍAELF Cuð¼ÌfBNg
     ÉWJµÄAKvÈCuÉã«³êé©Ç¤©ðmF·é±ÆÅ
     ·Bàµã«³êéæ¤ÈçÎAELF ÅÌCuÍ /lib ÆÍá¤
     êAá¦Î /usr/i486-linux-lib Öuæ¤ÉµÜ·B»µÄ
     ldconfig µÄ»ÌfBNgªQÆ³êéæ¤ÉµÜ·Bà¤êÂÌû
     @ÍâèÌvOÌVµ¢o[WðüèµÄRpCµ¼µÄ
     µÜ¤±ÆÅ·B±êÍ\[XR[hªüèÂ\ÈçÎA»¤«¢ACf
     AÅÍ èÜ¹ñB

  o  /usr Æ / ªÊÌp[eBVÉÈÁÄ¢éêA/lib ©ç®©·C
     uÍA/usr Ì ép[eBVÅÍÈA[gp[eBVÌ
      éfBXNãÉuKvª èÜ·BÈºÌáÅÍ /lib-aout Éuæ
     ¤ÉµÄ¢Ü·B

  2.2.  nßéOÉ --- Ó·×«|Cg

  o  ELF tH[}bgÌoCið®©·±ÆÌÅ«é 1.1.52 È~ÌJ[l
     ðgÁÄ¢é±ÆðmFµÄ¾³¢B1.2.13 ÅàåävÅ·BÙÆñ
     ÇÌ 1.3.x ¯lA2.0.0(±Ì¶ð¢Ä¢é¢é_ÅÌÅVÅ)Åà
     ®«Ü·ªA2.0 ª[X³ê½¡ÆÈÁÄÍAÃ¢uÀ±ÅvÌJ[
     l(1.3.x) ðg¤KvÍÈ¢Åµå¤B

  o  Slackware Ì~}(rescue)fCXNÌæ¤È boot/root fBXNðpÓµ
     Ä¨«Üµå¤B½ªKvÉÈé±ÆÍ èÜ¹ñªAKvÉÈÁ½É
     è³É³¢ÆUXÈÚÉ¢Ü·B¯lÉAmv â ln Ìt@Cìp
     ÌR}h(ÀÛÌÆ±ëAshell Ìà R}hÅKvÈìÆÍÙÚÂ\
     ¾Æv¢Ü·ª)ðÃINÅìÁÄ¨±Æàu¡Ãæèà\hvIÈ
     õÆµÄð§Â©àmêÜ¹ñB

  o  àµAELF ÌJðÇ¢©¯Ä¢½ÈçA/lib/elf É ELF pÌCu
     (ÊíÍ libc.so.4 ÈÇ)ª é©àmêÜ¹ñB±êçÌCuð
     g¤AvP[VÍÄRpC·éKvª èÜ·B»ÌãÅ±Ì
     fBNgÍíµÜµå¤B/lib/elf fBNgÍsvÅ·B

  o  ÅßÌ Linux ÅÍ `FSSTND(t@CVXeX^_[h)' É]ÁÄA
     WIÈt@CVXeÍzu³êéæ¤ÉÈÁÄ«Üµ½ªA»¤Å
     È¢VXeàÜ¾Ü¾ é±ÆÅµå¤BàµÈºÌà¾Å `/sbin/½
     ½ç' ðg¤æ¤ÉÈÁÄ¢éÌÉA©ªÌVXeÉÍ /sbin fBN
     gª³¢êA»êçÌvOÍ /bin © /etc É éÍ¸Å·B
     Vµ¢vOðCXg[·éêAÁÉ±ÌâèÉÍÓµÄ
     ¾³¢BR}hðõ·épXXgÅ /etc ª /sbin æèàOÉÈÁ
     Ä¢êÎAmçÈ¢¤¿É(/etc/É é)Ã¢o[WÌR}hðN®
     µÄµÜ¢AÈG[ðN·êª èÜ·B
  o  ELF ÖÚs·éÛÉÍNàRs[^ðgÁÄ¢È¢ÔðIÔ©V
     OE[U[[hÅs¢Üµå¤BÔá¢ðN³È¢æ¤ÉAtb
     s[©çu[gµÄìÆ·éÌà¢¢ACfAÅµå¤BÅàAÂlÆ
     µÄÍ½ÌÌÊ¢vfàcµÄ¨«½¢ÆvÁÄ¢Ü· :-)

  2.3.  KvÈàÌÍAAA

  KvÈpbP[WÍA <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/> â
  <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/GCC/> ©çüèÂ\Å·B¼TCgÆà
  ½ÌêÉ~[³êÄ¢Ü·ÌÅAÂ\È©¬èßÉ é~[TC
  g[óFú{ÈçÎ <ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/sunsite/GCC/> â
  <ftp://ftp.spin.ad.jp/pub/linux/sunsite.unc.edu/GCC/> ÈÇ ] ©çTµ
  Ä¾³¢B»Ìûª È½ÉÆÁÄàAÝñÈÉÆÁÄàAÇ¬üèÅ
  «é±ÆÉÈèÜ·B

  ÈºÉ¦·pbP[W(XgÉ ªÁÄ¢éo[W©æèVµ¢àÌ)ª
  KvÅ·B±êçð_E[hµÄA»ê¼êÉt®µÄ¢é¶ðÇñÅ
  ÝÄ¾³¢FKvÈ¶Í½¢Ä¢ release.packagename Æ¢¤¼OÉ
  ÈÁÄ¢Ü·BÈºÉ¦µÄ¢éo[WæèàVµ¢o[Wðüèµ
  ½êAK¸[Xm[gÉÚðÊµÄ¾³¢B»êçVµ¢o[W
  ÅÍCXg[Ìû@ªÏÁÄ¢é©àmêÜ¹ñB

  vOÍíÉ\[X©çRpC·éÆ¢¤lÅàAÈºÉ¦·vO
  ÍoCiÅðüèµÄ¨g¢ÉÈé±Æð¨©ßµÜ·B±êçÌ
  vOÌÙÆñÇÍ a.out ÅÌVXeÅ ELF `®ð¶¬·éæ¤ÉÍ
  Ýè³êÄ¨ç¸Aa.out ÌÂ«ÅRpCµæ¤ÆµÄà³ÊÅ·B

  2.3.1.  âÎÉKvÈàÌ

  o  ld.so-1.7.14.tar.gz --- Vµ¢®IJB\[XÆoCiª üÁÄ
     ¢Ü·B±êÈ~Ìo[WÅÍ a.out oCiðg¤êÅàJ[l
     É ELF T|[g@\ðgÝ±ñÅ¨Kvª èÜ·Bàµ 1.8.1 â
     »êæèàVµ¢o[Wð¨¿ÌêÍCXg[·éOÉ J[
     lÉ ELF T|[g@\ªgÝ±ÜêÄ¢é©ðmFµÄ¾³¢B

  o  libc-5.3.12.bin.tar.gz  --- ELF `®Ì¤LCuÅ C ÆwC
     uA»Ì¼ÖA·éÃICuâ»êçðgÁÄvOðR
     pC·éÌÉKvÈCN[ht@CªüÁÄ¢Ü·BKvÅµ
     ½ç\[XR[hàüèÅ«Ü·ªARpC·éÉÍÔª©©èÜ
     ·µAELF VXeðÁÄ¢È¢ÆRpC·é±ÆÍsÂ\Åµå
     ¤B

  o  gcc-2.7.2.bin.tar.gz --- ELF ÎÌ C RpCBVµ¢fBNg
     ECAEgðð·é a.out ÎÌ C RpCàüÁÄ¢Ü·B
     gcc ð©ªÅRpCµ½¢ê(âéÆµÄà ELF Â«ÉÚsµÄ©
     çÌûªÈP¾ÆCÃÅµå¤)AGNU ÌIWiÌ\[XR[hÉ
     gcc-2.7.2-linux.diff.gz pb`ð Ä½ûª¢¢Åµå¤B

  o  /binutils-2.6.0.12.bin.tar.gz --- Linux pÉpb`ð Ä½ GNU oC
     i[eBeBÅ·B±ÌpbP[WÉÍ gas â ldAstrings ÈÇ
     ÌvOªÜÜêÄ¨èAC RpCðg¤ÉÍK{ÉÈÁÄ¢Ü
     ·BfÌÜÜÌ GNU binutilities (á¦Î prep.ai.mit.edu É éæ¤
     È)ÅÍãèÉÈçÈ¢±Æ²ÉäÓ¾³¢BÇ¤µÄà©ªÅRp
     Cµ½¢êÍ GNU ÌàÌÅÍÈALinux pÉpb`ðÄ½
     binutils-2.6.0.12.tar.gz ðgÁÄ¾³¢B

  o  ncurses-1.9.9e.tar.gz --- SVR4 Ý·Ì curses CuÅA±ê©ç
     Ì Linux puW curses CuvÅ éÆl¦çêÄ¢Ü·B\[
     XR[hÍ  <ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/gnu/> Ìæ¤È GNU ÌTCgA 
     é¢Í  <ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/zm/zmbenhal> ©çüèÅ«A
     tsx-11 ÉÍoCipbP[WàpÓ³êÄ¢Ü·B±ÌpbP[WðC
     Xg[·éÉÍùÉ®SÉ ELF »³ê½JÂ«ÉÚsµÄ¢éÍ
     ¸ÈÌÅA}Vp[ª éêÍ\[XR[hðüèµ½ûª¢¢Å
     µå¤B

  o  gdbm-1.7.3.tar.gz ---  Unix ÌWÆÈÁÄ¢é dbm â ndbm [`
     ÆÝ·ÌAg£nbV@\ðÁ½f[^x[X[`Å·B\[X
     R[hÍ  <ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/gnu/> ©çüèÅ«Ü·B¤LCu
     ÅðìéÉÍ  <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/Linux/libc/non-
     core/gdbm.patch> ðÄÄ¾³¢B±Ìpb`Í»Ì¼¢Â©ÌoO
     ðC³µÄ¢Ü· (Makefile É éê¶Ì typo âÔáÁ½íÞÌt@
     CbLOðg¤XüÈÇ)B

  2.3.2.  »Ì¼

  ãLÈOÉàAK{ÅÍ èÜ¹ñªüèµÄ¨¢½ûª¢¢Cuâ
  t@Cª¢Â© èÜ·BÈºÉ¦·àÌÍ ELF Åg¤½ßÉo[W
  AbvµÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢Þ¢ÌvOÅ·B±Ì¶Ìã¼ÅÍA»
  ÌÜÜÅàg¦éàÌÌAELF `®ÅRpC·éÉÍC³âo[W
  AbvªKvÈvOðÐîµÜ·BlbgÆÌÚ±ªx¢ê(á¦Î
  tbs[Ì ðø¦Ä 5 ªÔà¢Ä¢éç¢ÔÌ©©éæ¤È)AÈº
  Ìt@CÍòÎµÄAÝèðI¦éOÉ±Ì¶Ìã¼É é»ê¼êÌ
  vOÉÂ¢ÄÌLqÆ¹Ä`FbNµÄ¾³¢B

  o  a.out Ý·CupbP[WAlibc.so-4.7.6B

     ±ÌpbP[WªuIvVvÉÈÁÄ¢éÌÍAè³É éù¶Ìo
     Cið®©·±ÆÌÅ«é a.out Cuª êÎA»êÍ»ÌÜÜ
     g¦é©çÅ·B±ÌCuÍ½ç©ÌRÅ¡ãà a.out `®Ìv
     OðJ¹ËÎÈçÈ¢ÉKvÉÈèÜ·B

  o  BSD curses

     libcurses.so.1 ðKvÆ·éoCiª êÎA±êªÃ¢ BSD curses
     CuÅ·B±ÌCuÌ\[XR[hÍ¡ÌÆ±ë©Â©ÁÄ
     ¢È¢ÌÅ·ªA±ÌCuÅµ©®©È¢vOÍ²HÈÍ
     ¸Å·B»ÌíÌvOª êÎAncurses ðg¤æ¤ÉRpC
     µ¼µ½ûª¢¢Åµå¤B»¤Å«È¢êÍ libcurses.so ª tsx-11
     Æ»Ì~[TCgÉ é libc-5.0.9.bin.tar.gzÉÜÜêÄ¢Ü·B

  o  Berkeley db

     Vµ¢ 4.4 BSD p libdb f[^x[X[`Å·B\[XR[hÍ
     <ftp://ftp.cs.berekeley.edu/ucb/4bsd/db.1.85.tar.gz/> ÅALinux Ì
     ¤LCupÌpb`Í
     <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/Linux/libc/non-core/db.patch> É èÜ
     ·B

  o  C++ pÌvO

     gcc pbP[WÍ g++ Æ¤Ézz³êÄ¢Ü·ªALpÈ C++ \tg
     EFAðRpC·éÉÍ libg++-2.7.1.4.bin.tar.gz ªKvÅ·B
     ©gÍ C++ ðgÁÄ¢Ü¹ñªA·Æ±ëÉæéÆA±ÌCuð
     \[XR[h©çRpC·éÌÍ\åÏ¾»¤Å·BÅ·©çAo
     CiÅð¨©ßµÜ·B

  o  GNU Ý·Ì termcap

     ncurses ÖÌÚsÍ ELF ÖÌÚsÆ¯ÉNÁ½í¯ÅÍ èÜ¹ñB¼
     ÌlªìÁ½vOâg¢±¯½¢AvP[VÌÉÍ±Ì
     CuðgÁÄ¢éàÌª é©àmêÜ¹ñBgdb ª»Ì¢¢áÅ
     ·B¤LCuðfobOµ½¢¯êÇAgdb ª©ª©gÖNµ
     Ä¢éCuðOÉµÄ¬·éæ¤ÈêAÃIÉNµ½oC
     iðg¤×«Åµå¤B»ÌêA{Ì termcap Í ncurses ÉÜÜ
     êÄ¢é termcap Ý·Ì[`Éä×Ä¸ÁÆ¬³¢±ÆÉCÃÅ
     µå¤B

     termcap-2.0.8.tar.gz Í tsx-11 ©çüèÅ«Ü·B±êÍ GNU Termcap
     ÆÍÙÈèÜ·ªA®SÉÝ·Å·(á¢ÍG[`FbNÌª¾¯Å
     ·)B±êÍ\[XR[hÌpbP[WÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·B

  o  MAKEDEV

      éóÔÅN®·éÆAMAKEDEV Íù¶ÌfoCXt@Cðíµ½ã
     ÅÄxì¬·é±Æª èÜ·B/dev/zero ðíµÄµÜ¦ÎA¢Â
     ©Ìo[WÌ ld-linux.so.1 ª®©ÈÈèÜ·BVµ¢o[W
     Ì MAKEDEV Í
     <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Admin/MAKEDEV-C-1.5.tar.gz>
     ©
     <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Admin/MAKEDEV-2.2.tar.gz>.
     É èÜ·B

  o  modules-2.0.0

     W[ðgÁÄ¢éêAbinutils ðo[WAbv·êÎ
     1.3.69 ÈOÌW[E[eBeBÍgpÅ«ÈÈèÜ·BVµ
     ¢W[E[eBeBÍ  <http://www.pi.se/blox/> É èÜ
     ·B

  o  ¢ë¢ëÈ¤LCuðÜÞ X EBhEVXeB

     Vµ¢vOÍ ELF `®ÉÈèAELF `®ÌvOÍ a.out 
     CuÅÍgpÅ«Ü¹ñÌÅAX ÉÖ·évOðJ·éê
     AVµ¢ X EBhEVXeê®ðCXg[·éKvª èÜ
     ·BXFree86 3.1.2 Í a.out Æ ELF ÌoûÌ`®Åñ³êÄ¢Ü
     ·BXFree86 Ìzz³Í ftp.xfree86.orgÅ·ªAàÉà½Ì~[
     TCgª èÜ·(á¦Î ftp.iij.ad.jp)ÌÅAlbg[NIÉß¢T
     Cg©çüèµÄ¾³¢B±êçÌTCg©çcommonÆelffBNg
     Èºðüèµ½çA/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/config/linux.cf t@CÌÌ
     ÈºÌ2sÌNOÌÆ±ëð

       #define LinuxElfDefault         NO
       #define UseElfFormat            NO

  YESÉµÄ¾³¢B»¤µÈ¢Æ xpm ðRpC·éÛÉ jumpas ÅÌÌ
  ¼cèÌïÈG[ª¶¶Ü·B»ÝÌ XFree86 ÌoCiÍ ELF »³ê
  ½ termcap Culibtermcap.so.2 ªCXg[³êÄ¢éKvª 
  é±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B

  Motif ðgÁÄ¢éêÍAELF »³ê½ Motif Cuðñ·é\è
  ª é©x_[Éâ¢ í¹Ä¾³¢BÍ Motif ÍgÁÄ¢È¢ÌÅ
  ½ÌðÉà§ÄÜ¹ñB

  o  ELF »Æ¯É Linux 2.0 ÖAbvO[h·éêAJ[lÌ\[X
     R[hÆ¤Ézz³êÄ¢é Documentation/Changes t@CðYê¸É
     `FbNµÄAKvÈàÌªÇ±ÅüèÅ«é©²×Ä¾³¢B

  2.4.  t@CVXeÌÄ²®

  ¦`ÁÆAªÈºÅuí·évÆ¾Á½êAuobNAbvðæÁÄ©
  çí·évÆÇÝ©¦Ä¾³¢ :-) Ü¸A[ÄzµÄAA

  GbZX --- oCiECXg[

  1. a.out oCiðÚ®·é½ßÌfBNgðì¬

       mkdir -p /usr/i486-linuxaout/bin
       mkdir -p /usr/i486-linuxaout/include
       mkdir -p /usr/i486-linuxaout/lib
       mkdir /lib-aout

  2. ®IJÌpbP[W ld.so-1.7.14 ð¢ÂàÌ\[XR[hðu¢Ä
     ¢éêÅWJµAæèo³ê½ ld.so-1.7.14/instldso.sh XNvg
     ðÇñÅ¾³¢B{ÉWIÈVXeð¨g¢ÈçAsh
     instldso.sh ðÀsµÄCXg[·é±ÆªÅ«Ü·ªA½©ñW
     IÈàÌðgÝ±ñÅ¢éêAè®ÅCXg[·é±ÆÉÈèÜ
     ·Bu½©ñWIÈàÌvÆÍA

     o  zsh (¢Â©Ìo[WÌ zsh Í $VERSION Æ¢¤Ïðè`µÄ
        ¨èAinstldso.sh ª¬·éæ¤Å·)

     o  /lib/elf ©ç /lib ÖÌV{bNN(±êÍKvÈí¯ÅÍ 
        èÜ¹ñªAXL[fBXNªKvÉÈéæ¤ÈêÉÍ½ÌÔ
        ßÉÈé©àmêÜ¹ñ)

  3. /etc/ld.so.conf ðC³µÄA /usr/i486-linuxaout/lib ðÁ¦(KvÈ
     çÎ /lib-aout àÁ¦)A/sbin/ldconfig -v  ðÄÀsµÄAVµ¢fB
     NgðTµÉ¢©`FbNµÜ·B

  4. /usr/*/lib É éSÄÌ a.out `®ÌuCuvð
     /usr/i486-linuxaout/lib ÉÚµÜ·BÚ·àÌÍ lib*.so* â
     lib*.sa*Alib*.a ÈÇÌuCuvÅ ÁÄA»Ì¼Ìt@CðÚ
     ·KvÍ èÜ¹ñB /usr/lib/gcc-lib ÈÇàÜ¾®©µÄÍ¢¯Ü¹
     ñB

  5. É /lib ð`FbNµÜ·Blibc.so* â libm.so*Alibdl.so* Í»Ì
     ÜÜÉµÄ¨«Ü·BX ÌCu(libX*.so.3*ÖÌV{bN
     Nà»ÌÜÜÉµÄ¨«Üµå¤ --- XView ÌvOª»êçÌ
     CuðgÁÄ¢é©àmêÜ¹ñBld.so* Ald-linux.so* ÈÇ ld
     ÅnÜÁÄ¢ét@Cà»ÌÜÜÉµÄ¨«Ü·BcèÌCuÉ
     Â¢ÄÍ(àµ êÎ)F [gp[eBVÉ /usr ª êÎA»±É
      ét@CÍ /usr/i486-linuxaout/lib ÉÚµÜ·B/usr ªÊp[
     eBVÉ}Eg³êÄ¢êÎA /lib-aout ÉÚµÜ·B±êÅ
     ldconfig -v µÄÝÄ¾³¢B

  6. binutils ðCXg[·éõÆµÄAàµ /usr/lib/ldscripts fB
     Ngª êÎíµÜ·(binutils ª±ÌfBNgðV½Éìè
     Ü·)

  7. /usr/bin É é(ld86 Æ as86 ÈOÌ)SÄÌ ld Æ as ÌRs[ðí
     µÜ·B

  8. /usr/include ÈºÌfBNgðíµÜ·BWIÈVXeÅÍA
     ±±É ét@CÌ¢Â©ÍVXeÌujvÆÈé@\ðSÁÄ¨
     èAlibc Æ¤Ézz³êÄ¢Ü·B»êÈOÉàA È½©gªCXg
     [µ½èAgÁÄ¢éfBXgr[VÌì¬ÒªCXg[
     µ½t@Cà éÍ¸Å·B±êçð®·é½ßÉA0 ©çìè¼·
     ±Æð¨©ßµÜ·BÜ¸ù¶Ì/usr/includeð /usr/include.oldÉÏX
     µAlibc-5.2.18.bin.tar.gzð[gfBNgÅWJµÜ·B

  9. binutils pbP[WðCXg[µÜ·B±Ì½ßÉÍ tar - xvzf
     binutils-2.6.0.12.bin.tar.gz -C / ª¨©ßÌû@Å·B

  10.
     gcc pbP[WÍ[gfBNgÅWJ·éKvª èÜ·Bgcc
     pbP[WÍ¢Â©Ìt@Cð /usr/bin ÉAcèÌ½Ìt@C
     ð /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linux/2.7.2 Æ /usr/lib/gcc-
     lib/i486-linuxaout/2.7.2 ÉCXg[µÜ·B gcc ðCXg[
     ·éÉÍAÜ¸

       $ tar ztf gcc-2.7.2.bin.tar.gz

  ÆµÄA½ªüÁÄ¢é©ð`FbNµÄ¾³¢BcµÄ¨«½¢t@C
  Éã«·éæ¤Å êÎ(á¦Î Gnu ADA ðCXg[µÄ¢êÎ
  /usr/bin/gcc ðcµÄ¨«½¢Åµå¤)AÜ¸»êçÌt@CðÀSÈ
  ÉÚµÜ·B»ÌãÅA

       # tar -zxf gcc-2.7.2.bin.tar.gz -C /

  ÆµÜ·B±Ì_ÅAgcc -v µÄ gcc Ìo[Wðm©ß½èAeXg
  pÌvOðRpCµÄA«¿ñÆ®¢Ä¢é©`FbNµÄ¾³
  ¢B

       $ gcc -v
       Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linux/2.7.2/specs
       gcc version 2.7.2
       $ gcc -v -b i486-linuxaout
       Reading specs from /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linuxaout/2.7.2/specs
       gcc version 2.7.2
       $ ld -V
       ld version 2.6 (with BFD 2.6.0.2)
         Supported emulations:
          elf_i386
          i386linux
          i386coff

  É`IÈ ``Hello, world'' vOðµÄ¾³¢B»ÌvO
  ð gcc â gcc -b i486-linuxaout ÅARpCµA a.out Æ ELFÌR
  pCª³µÝè³êÄ¢é©mFµÄÝÜµå¤B

  IèÜµ½©ÁÄHà¤µæ£ÁÄBÜ¾¢Â©ÌCuªcÁÄ¢
  Ü·BÜ½AV{bNNð²¿á²¿á£çÈ¢Æ¢¯Ü¹ñBæ
  £ÁÄAA

   V{bNN

  11.
     ¢Â©ÌvO(ÁÉ¢Â©Ì X ÖAvO)Í /lib/cpp ð
     g¢Ü·B/lib/cpp Í Linux ÅÍ
     /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linuxversion/cppÉ èÜ·B±±ÜÅÌiKÅ
     /lib ÌºÉ éV{bNNÍSÄíµÄ¢éÍ¸ÈÌÅA
     Nð£è¼·Kvª èÜ·B

       # cd /lib
       # ln -s /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linux/2.7.2/cpp .

  12.
     /usr/include Èºð /usr/include.old ÈºÉÚ·ÆAJ[lÌ\[X
     R[hÖÌV{bNNª¸ÈíêéÌÅA

       # cd /usr/include
       # ln -s ../src/linux/include/linux .
       # ln -s ../src/linux/include/asm .

  ÆµÄNð£è¼µÄ¾³¢B

  (±±ÅÍJ[lÌ\[XR[hÍ /usr/src/linux É éÆ¼èµÄ¢Ü
  ·B»¤ÅÈ¢êAKØÈêðwèµÄ¾³¢)

  13.
     FSSTND ÌAÍA±±Åà utmp Æ wtmp t@Cð /var/adm ©ç
     /var/run Æ /var/log É»ê¼êÚ·±ÆÉµÜµ½BKvÉ¶Ä
     /var/log â /var/adm ðìèAutmp â wtmp Ì»ÝÊuÖNð£é
     æ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢BÍÈºÌ ls -l É¦·æ¤ÈzuÉµÜµ½B

       $ ls -ld /var/adm /var/log /var/run /var/log/*tmp /var/run/*tmp
       lrwxrwxrwx   1 root     root            3 May 24 05:53 /var/adm -> log/
       drwxr-xr-x   9 root     root         1024 Aug 13 23:17 /var/log/
       lrwxrwxrwx   1 root     root           11 Aug 13 23:17 /var/log/utmp -> ../run/utmp
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root       451472 Aug 13 23:00 /var/log/wtmp
       drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Aug 13 23:17 /var/run/
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root          448 Aug 13 23:00 /var/run/utmp

  FSSTND ÌSÌÉÂ¢ÄÍ sunsite É  é LDP ÌA[JCu
  <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/fsstnd/>ÈÇÉ é¶ð²¾
  ³¢B

  ¨ßÅÆ¤I

  ±±ÜÅÅ(½ÈèÆà)®SÉ@\·é ELF ÌJÂ«ª®¬µ½Í¸Å
  ·BêàºÁÄAµÎçÃ©ÉìÑð©ÝµßÜµå¤B

  dvÈ\[XR[hÌpbP[W

  14.
     ncurses ÌCXg[Í©ÈèÔÌ©©édÅ·BàÁÆàA»Ì
     åªÌÔÍRpCµÈªçlbgj[XðÇÞ±ÆÉï·±Æ
     ªÅ«Ü·ªBtar t@CðWJµ½ç INSTALL t@CðA©ªª
     uLinux ½½çVXevÌfBXgr[VÌì¬/ÜÆßðÅ 
     éAÆvÁÄÇñÅÝÜµå¤B·Èí¿ARpCÌÛÉÍA½ªA
     ÈºÌæ¤ÈR}hCÅÝè·éKvª éAÆ¢¤±ÆÅ·B

       $ ./configure --with-normal --with-shared --disable-termcap --enable-overwrite --prefix=/usr

  ftHgÉÈÁÄ¢é^[~iÌíÞÉàÓµÜµå¤B1.3 Æ 2.0
  ÌJ[lÅÍAN®ÌftHgÌ^[~iÍ linux ÉÈÁÄ¢Ü
  ·BêÉæÁÄÍ /etc/inittab ðC³µÄ console â getty ÉµÈ¯ê
  ÎÈçÈ¢©àmêÜ¹ñB

  [gp[eBVÌ én[hfBXNÉ /usr/lib/terminfo ª³¢ê
  Ancurses Ì `fallback' @\Å²Ü©·Kvª éÅµå¤B±Ì@\Í
  ãqÌ INSTALL t@CÉà¾µÄ èAPÅ·ªAÞüÈdÉÈèÜ
  ·(Cuð 2 xì¬·éKvª èÜ·)Bfallback ÆµÄ linux â
  vt100 ðg¦Î¢¢êAK¢È±ÆÉù¶Ì fallback.cÉu«Ö¦Â\È
  fallback.c ª ftp.uk.linux.org
  <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/Linux/libc/non-core/fallback.c> ÉpÓ³ê
  Ä¢Ü·B

  ncurses ðCXg[µ½ãA/usr/lib ÈºÅ½Ê|Èdð·éKv
  ª èÜ·B±êÍsè`ÈìÆÈÌÅAèÅâéÌªÅàÈPÅ·Bo[
  WÔª½sêvÉÈÁÄ¢é±ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B±êÍX¢Å
  ·ªANÉQª éí¯ÅÍ èÜ¹ñB

     a. /usr/lib/libncurses.so.1.9.9e ð /lib ÉÚµAVO[U[
        [hÅà curses vOª®¯éæ¤ÉµÜ·B[gp[eB
        V É /usr/lib ª éêAÁÉ±ÌìÆÍsvÅ·ªAâÁÄ
        ¨¢ÄàQÍ èÜ¹ñB

     b. /lib fBNgÅ libncurses.so.1.9.9e ©ç /libncurses.so.3.0
        ÖNð£èÜ·B

     c. »Ì¼A/lib/libncurses.so.3.0 ©ç /usr/lib/libncurses.so â
        /usr/lib/libcurses.so A /usr/lib/libtermcap.so ÖÌNàKv
        ©àmêÜ¹ñB

  l¦éÌªhEÈlü¯ÉÈPÉ¾¤ÆAÈºÌæ¤ÈìÆÉÈèÜ·B

       # cd /lib
       # mv /usr/lib/libncurses.so.1.9.9e .
       # ln -s libncurses.so.1.9.9e libncurses.so.3.0
       # cd /usr/lib
       # ln -s /lib/libncurses.so.3.0 libncurses.so
       # ln -s /lib/libncurses.so.3.0 libcurses.so
       # ln -s /lib/libncurses.so.3.0 libtermcap.so

  15.
     gdbm ÌCXg[B\[XR[hpÌfBNgÅ\[XR[hðW
     JµAgdbm.patch ð ÄAREADME Æ INSTALL t@CÉÚðÊµÜ·B

     \zÌèÍÈºÌæ¤ÈàÌÉÈéÍ¸Å·B

       $ tar zxf gdbm-1.7.3.tar.gz
       $ patch -p0 < gdbm.patch
       $ cd gdbm-1.7.3
       $ ./configure --prefix=/usr
       $ make
       $ make progs
       $ su
       # make install
       # make install-compat
       # cd /usr/lib
       # ln -s libgdbm.so.1 libgdbm.so
       # ln -s libgdbm.so.1 libgdbm.so.2
       # ldconfig

  ÅãÌ 2 ÂÍÃ¢o[WÆÌÝ·«ðÛÂ½ßÅ·BÅßÌfBXg
  r[VÅÍ libgdbm.so.2 Æ¢¤o[WÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·ªA±êÍ
  libdgbm.so.1 ÆS¯¶R[hÅAo[WÔ¾¯ªðjIÈR©ç
  Ôá¦Ät¯çêÄ¢éàÌÅ·B

  IvVÌ\[XR[hpbP[W

  êÊÉA»ê¼êÌpbP[WÉt®Ìw¦Éµ½ªÁÄCXg[·êÎ
  åävÈÌÅA±±ÅJèÔ·±ÆÍµÜ¹ñB½¾µAáOª 2 Â èA

  16.
     GNU Ì termcap ªKvÈê(µ§É¾¤ÆK{ÅÍ èÜ¹ñªAÀ
     ÛÉÍ XFree86 ÌoCiªKvÆ·éÌÅAÙÚK{Åµå¤)A\[
     XR[h©ç\z·éKvª èÜ·ªAKvÈìÆÍÈºÉ¦·öxÅ
     ·B

       $ tar zxf termcap-2.0.8.tar.gz
       $ cd termcap-2.0.8
       $ make
       $ su
       # cp libtermcap.so.2.0.8 /usr/lib
       # ldconfig

  µÄ make install ÍÀsµÈ¢æ¤ÉBmake install ·éÆ ncurses Ì
  vOðêã«µÄµÜ¢Ü·B±ÌCuðg¤æ¤ÉRp
  C³ê½ù¶ÌoCiðg¤ÌÅÍÈAV½É±ÌCuðgÁÄ
  vOðRpC·éêAwb_[t@CÆX^eBbNECu
  ðÇ±©ÊÌêÉpÓµÄ -I Æ -L tOðgÁÄRpCÉ»
  Ìêð¾¦·éæ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢B±ÌªÍ¼ÌªÉä×ÄLqªB
  ¾Ævíêé©àmêÜ¹ñªA»êÉÍRª èÜ·B·Èí¿AæÙ
  ÇÌRªÈ¢©¬èA termcap ðg¢±¯é±ÆÍ¨©ßÅ«È¢©çÅ
  ·B

  17.
     libdb ÍÈºÌæ¤Éì¬µÜ·B

       $ tar zxf db.1.85.tar.gz
       $ patch -p0 <db.patch
       $ cd db.1.85/PORT/linux
       $ make
       $ su
       # mkdir /usr/include/db
       # ldconfig
       # cp libdb.so.1.85.3 /usr/lib ; ( cd /usr/lib && ln -s libdb.so.1 libdb.so )
       # cp ../../include/*.h /usr/include/db

  Ó_ÆµÄÍ

     o  PORT/linux/OTHER-PATCHES ð ÄÄÍ¢¯Ü¹ñB db.patch ÉÜÜ
        êÄ¢Ü·B

     o  gdbm ÌCN[ht@CÆÕË·éÌÅACN[ht@C
        Í /usr/include ÈOÌªÉCXg[µAlibdb ªKvÈvO
        ðRpC·éêAC RpCÌR}hCÉ
        -I/usr/include/db ÆwèµÄ¾³¢B

  2.5.  Ç¤¢¤ÉÈéÌ©(fBNg\¬ÌAEgC)

  ÈºÉ¦·àÌÍ¡ÜÅÉCXg[µÄ«½t@CÌ©Èè¨¨Ü©È
  TÏÅ·BguV[eBOâí·×«àÌðßéÛÉ²p¾
  ³¢B

  2.5.1.  /lib

  o  ®IJ ld.so (a.out p)Æ ld-linux.so.1 (ELF p)B ¼ÒÆàV
     {bNN©àmêÜ¹ñªAwµÄ¢ét@Cª«¿ñÆ¶Ý·
     é±ÆðmFµÄ¾³¢B

  o  î{IÈ¤LCu libc.so.4Æ libm.so.4(a.out)B±êçÍV{
     bNNÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·ªA³µ¢t@CðwµÄ¢é©mFµÄ
     ¾³¢B

  o  î{IÈ¤LCu libc.so.5 Æ libm.so.5A
     libdl.so.1Alibncurses.so.1A libtermcap.so.2 (ELF p)B±êçàÜ
     ½V{bNNÉÈÁÄ¢éÌÅA³µ¢t@CðwµÄ¢é©
     mFµÄ¾³¢B

  2.5.2.  /usr/lib

  o  ©ÁÄ±±É Á½CuÈOÌt@CÆfBNg

  o  libbfd.so*, libdb.so*, libgdbm.so* Æ¢Á½ ELF `®Ì¤LCu
     

  o  ³Ü´ÜÈV{bNNB/lib â /usr/lib É éCuÖÌ
     V{bNNª±±ÉKvÅ·BNÌ¼OÍ{Ìt@C¼
     ©ço[WÔðæÁ½àÌÅ·Bá¦ÎAlibc ÉÂ¢Ä¾¤ÆA

       lrwxrwxrwx   1 root     root           14 May  2 20:09 /lib/libc.so.5 -> libc.so.5.3.12
       -rwxr-xr-x   1 bin      bin        583795 Apr 25 06:15 /lib/libc.so.5.3.12
       lrwxrwxrwx   1 root     root           12 Oct 27  1995 /usr/lib/libc.so -> /lib/libc.so.5

  ÆÈèÜ·B±êçÌNÍANÉ ldªpµÜ·B

  o  libbsd.aAlibgmon.aAlibmcheck.a Æ /lib â /usr/lib É é ELF `
     ®Ì¤LCueXÉpÓ³êÄ¢élib*.a CuB±êçÍ
     ELF `®ÌÃICuÅ·BåªÌlÉÆÁÄÍA¤LCu
     Æ¯¶ÃICuª ÁÄà»êÙÇLï¡ÍÈ¢Åµå¤BÁÉ
     ELF `®ðg¤êÉÍB ELF ÅÍA¤LCuðg¢Èªç gcc
     -g IvVðwè·é±ÆàÂ\ÈÌÅAÃICuðgÝ±Þ×
     «RÍÙÆñÇ èÜ¹ñBÅàACu©gðfobOµ½È
     éúÌ½ßÉA»êçÌÃICuÍcµÄ¨¢½ûª¢¢Åµå
     ¤B

  o  crt0.o Æ gcrt0.oB±êçÍ a.out `®ÌuvON®pÌvt@
     CÅ·BÁÉð¯é±ÆðµÈ¯êÎASÄÌ a.out `®ÌvO
     É±êçÌ¤¿ÌêÂÌt@CªÜ¸N³êé±ÆÉÈèÜ·B

  o  crt1.oAcrtbegin.oAcrtbeginS.oA crtend.oAcrtendS.oAcrti.oA
     crtn.oAgcrt1.oB±êçÍ ELF pÌN®pt@CÅ·B±êçÍãL
     *crt0.o Æ¯lÌ@\ð ELF `®ÌvOÉÎµÄs¢Ü·B

  2.5.3.  /usr/lib/ldscripts

  o  ±ÌfBNgÍA»Ì¼ª¦·ÊèA ld pÌeíhCoXNv
     gðuÆ±ëÅ·B±ÌfBNgÉÍÈºÌæ¤Èt@Cª è
     Ü·B

       $ ls /usr/lib/ldscripts/
       elf_i386.x      elf_i386.xs     i386coff.xn     i386linux.xbn
       elf_i386.xbn    elf_i386.xu     i386coff.xr     i386linux.xn
       elf_i386.xn     i386coff.x      i386coff.xu     i386linux.xr
       elf_i386.xr     i386coff.xbn    i386linux.x     i386linux.xu

  2.5.4.  /usr/i486-linux/bin

  o  ar, as, gasp, ld, nm, ranlib, strip

     ±êçÍ /usr/bin É éÀÛÌoCiìpvOÖÌV{
     bNNÅ·B

  2.5.5.  /usr/i486-linuxaout/bin

  o  a.out pÌAZu as ÆA»Ì}NEvvZbT gasp ª è
     Ü·B

  o  ar, ld, nm, ranlib, strip --- ±êçÍ /usr/bin É éÀÛÌoCi
     ìpvOÖÌV{bNNÅ·B

  2.5.6.  /usr/i486-linux/lib

  o  ldscripts Í /usr/lib/ldscripts ÖÌV{bNNÅ·B

  2.5.7.  /usr/i486-linuxaout/lib

  o  a.out pÌ¤LCu{ÌÌ lib*.so* ª èÜ·B a.out `®Ìv
     Oð®©·ÉÍK{Å·B

  o  lib*.sa Í a.out `®Ì¤Lt@CÌX^u(stub)Å·B¤LCu
     ðg¤ vOð a.out `®ÉRpC·é½ßÉKvÅ
     ·Ba.out `®ÉRpC·é±Æª³¯êÎíµÄµÜÁÄà\¢
     Ü¹ñB

  o  lib*.a Í a.out pÌÃICuÅ·Ba.out `®ÅÃIÉN³
     ê½oCiðìé½ßÉKvÅ·(á¦Î -g IvVt«ÅRpC
     ·é)B±Ìt@Cà a.out `®ÌvOðì¬·éKvªÈ
     ¯êÎíµÄ\¢Ü¹ñB

  o  ldscripts Í /usr/lib/ldscripts ÖÌV{bNNÅ·B

  2.5.8.  /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linux/2.7.2

  o  ±ÌfBNgÉÍ ELF `®ÌvOðRpC·é½ßÌ gcc
     2.7.2 ªûßçêÄ¢Ü·B

  2.5.9.  /usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-linuxaout/2.7.2

  o  ±ÌfBNgÉÍ a.out `®ÌoCiðoÍ·é½ßÌ gcc 2.7.2
     ê®ªûßçêÄ¢Ü·B±Ì gcc ÍVµ¢(±±Å¦µ½æ¤È)fB
     Ng\¬ðð·é@\ðÁÄ¢Ü·Bàµ a.out ÉRpC·é
     KvªÈ¢êA±ÌfBNgðí·êÎñ 4MB ßñÅ«Ü·B
     pb`ÏÝÅÈ¢ 1.2 V[YÌJ[lðRpC·éêÉÍA±
     ÌRpCªKvÈ±Æð¨YêÈB

  2.6.  æ éG[ \\\  íÄÈ¢ÅI

  (ÈºÌàeÌåªÍeØÈ[Å¢½¾¢½àÌÅ·)

     ½©ÔáÁ½àÌð®©µÄA½à®©ÈÈÁÄµÜÁ½I
        »ÌêÅà shell Í®¢Ä¢éÍ¸ÈÌÅA½Hv·êÎ shell
        ÌgÝ±Ý@\¾¯Å©ÈèÌdð±È·±ÆªÂ\Å·Becho *
        Í ls ÌãíèÉg¦Aecho >>filename Ít@CÉ««·ÌÉg
        ¦Ü·Bldconfig àÃIÉN³êÄ¢é±Æð¨YêÈBá¦
        ÎAlibc.so.4 ðÔáÁÄ lib-aout fBNgÉÚµÄµÜÁ½ê
        Aecho "/lib-aout" >>/etc/ld.so.conf ; ldconfig -v·êÎA
        µÜ·B /lib/ld.so ð®©µÄµÜÁ½êA ÃIÉN³ê½
        ln ª êÎAsln /sillyplace/ld.so /lib/ld.so·é±ÆÅA½ª
        ·éÅµå¤B

      bad address
        ELF `®ÌvOð®©»¤Æ·éÆA¢Âàbad address G[
        ÉÈéêA½ªAJ[lÌ 1.3.x Ì x <3 Ìo[Wð¨g¢
        ÈÌÅµå¤ªA»Ìo[WðgÁÄÍ¢¯Ü¹ñB»êçÍ½
        ªAÅ«Ìo[WÌêÂÅ·B2.0 Öo[WAbv·é©
        1.2.13 Éo[WðµÜµå¤B½æ¤ÈÂ«ÅJ[lp
        jbNª¶·éÆñµÄ¢él½¿à¢Ü·ªAÍÚµ²×Ä
        ¢Ü¹ñBÈºÈçAJÅÌo[Wðg¢½¢ÆàvíÈ¢µA
        g¤Kvª éÆà´¶È¢ÌÅAÅVÅÌÇÁ©¯ÍµÄ¢È¢©ç
        Å·B

      gcc: installation problem, cannot exec something: No such file or
        directory
        a.out `®ÅRpCµæ¤ÆµÄ(something ÌªÍ½¢Ä¢Ì
        ê cpp © cc1 ÌÍ¸Å·)A±ÌG[ª¶¶éêAÀÛÉ cpp
        â cc1 Éâèª é©A

          $ gcc -b -i486-linuxaout

     Ìæ¤ÉüÍµ½ÌÅµå¤BÀÛÉÍ

          $ gcc -b i486-linuxaout

     ÆüÍµÈ¯êÎÈèÜ¹ñB`i486'ÌªÍ_bVÅÍ¶ÜçÈ¢±
     ÆÉÓµÄ¾³¢B

     make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found.  Stop.
        ±ÌG[ªoéêAmake Épb`ð ÄÄÄRpCµÄ¢È
        ¢©AÃ¢o[WÌ make ªVXeÌÇ±©ÉcÁÄ¢éÌÅ
        µå¤B

      no such file or directory: /usr/bin/gcc
        ÀÛÉ»Ìt@Cª¶Ý·éÌÉ±¤¢¤G[ªoé(gcc ÈOÌ
        vOÅà±¤Èé©àmêÜ¹ñ)B±ÌêAELF Ì®I[
        _[ /lib/ld-linux.so.1 ðCXg[µÄ¢È¢©A½ç©ÌR
        Å[_[ªÇßÈ¢óÔÉÈÁÄ¢éÌÅµå¤BæÉq×½CX
        g[XebvÌ 2 ðÇñÅ /lib/ld-linux.so.1 ð³µCXg
        [µÄ¾³¢B

      not a ZMAGIC file, skipping
        ±ÌG[Í ldconfig ªoµÄ¢Ü·BÃ¢o[WÌ ld.so Ì
        pbP[Wð¨g¢Ìæ¤ÈÌÅAVµ¢àÌðüèµÄ¾³¢Bà
        ¤êxACXg[ÌXebv 2 ðÇñÅ¾³¢B

      _setutent: Can't open utmp file
        ±ÌbZ[WÍ xterm ðN®µ½É 3 s¸ÂoÍ³êé±Æªæ
         èÜ·BCXg[èÌÅãÌ ½èÉ é FSSTND Ì·¶Ì
        à¾ðÇñÅ¾³¢B

  3.  vOÌ\z

  3.1.  êÊIÈvO

  vOð ELF `®ÅRpC·éêA¢ÂàÌæ¤É gcc ðg¢Ü
  ·Ba.out `®ÅRpC·éêAgcc -b i486-linuxaout ÆµÄ¾³
  ¢B

       $ cat >hello.c
       main() { printf("hello, world\n"); }
       ^D
       $ gcc -o hello hello.c
       $ file hello
       hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable i386 (386 and up) Version 1
       $ ./hello
       hello, world

  ³ÄA»ë»ëua.out `®ÌRpCªoÍ·éoCiÌftHg¼
  ª a.out ÈçAELF RpCÌoÍ·éoCiÌftHg¼Í½Æ¢
  ¤ÌHvÆ¢¤¿âÉ¦é×«Åµå¤BÍAuâÁÏè a.outvÈñ
  Å·BcOÅµ½©H :-)

  3.2.  CuÌìèû

  libfoo.so ð¤LCuÆµÄ\zµ½¢êAî{IÈèÍÈºÌæ
  ¤ÉÈèÜ·B

       $ gcc -fPIC -c *.c
       $ gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libfoo.so.1 -o libfoo.so.1.0 *.o
       $ ln -s libfoo.so.1.0 libfoo.so.1
       $ ln -s libfoo.so.1 libfoo.so
       $ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=`pwd`:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

  ±êÉæèAlibfoo.so.1.0 ÆÄÎêé¤LCuÆ ld pÌV{b
  NN(libfoo.so)A®IJpÌV{bNN(libfoo.so.1)ªì
  ¬³êÜ·BCuÌeXgÌÛÍAÅãÉ¦µ½æ¤ÉA»ÝÌfB
  Ngð LD_LIBRARY_PATH ÉÁ¦ÄµÄÝÜµå¤B

  Cuª³µ®±ÆªmFÅ«êÎAKØÈêAá¦Î
  /usr/local/lib ÉÚµANð£è¼µÜµå¤B libfoo.so ÌNÍ
  libfoo.so.1 Ö£çêÄ¢éÌÅAo[WÔÌ}Ci[`FWª Á
  ÄàNð£è¼·KvÍ èÜ¹ñBlibfoo.so.1.0 ©ç libfoo.so.1
  ÖÌNÍA½¢Ä¢ÌVXeÅÍ ldconfig ªN®ÉXVµÜ·B

  $ su
  # cp libfoo.so.1.0 /usr/local/lib
  # /sbin/ldconfig
  # ( cd /usr/local/lib ; ln -s libfoo.so.1 libfoo.so )

  3.3.  a.out `®Ì\z

  ELF Â«ÌÅàÃ¢ a.out `®ÌoCiðì¬µÈ¯êÎÈçÈ¢ê
  ª é©àmêÜ¹ñBuÊÌvvOÌêAKvÈ±ÆÍ gcc ð
  N®·éÉ -b i486-linuxaouttOðgÁÄ a.out pÌRpCðN
  ®µA(àµ) ld ðN®·éêÍ -m i386linux tOðg¢Ü·Ba.out
  `®Ì DLL ¤LCuð¢¾ÉKvÆ·élÍAAÂ£zÉBÌmé
  ÀèÅÍAê¾Å¾¦Îu®«Ü¹ñvBÊÌû@ðä¶mÈçÎ[Å
  É³¦Ä¾³¢B

  4.  ELF ppb`ÆELF »ÏÝÌvO

  ±±ÜÅÅA¨DÝÈçÎI¹·é±ÆªÂ\Å·BELF `®ÌvOð
  RpCµÄ®©·½ßÉKvÈÂ«ÍSÄCXg[Å«Üµ½B

  uüÓ¯vIÈÏ_âgpÊðÅ¬»·é½ßÉÍA¨g¢ÌvO
  ðSÄ ELF `®ÅRpCµ¼µ½Èé©àmêÜ¹ñBELF `®Å
  ÌÄRpCÍÙÆñÇÌGh[U[pÌAvP[VÅÍ²È
  PÅ·Bµ©µÈªçA®ìÂ«ÉÂ¢Ä½ç©ÌOñÌ évOà¢
  Â© èA»êçÍÈºÌæ¤ÈRÅG[ÉÈé©àmêÜ¹ñB

  o  AZuÌA_XRAÌg¢ûÌá¢Fa.out ÌÀs`®ÅÍO
     xÉÍ _(A_XRA) ªªÉt¢Ä¢Ü·ªAELF ÌÀs`®ÅÍ»
     ¤ÈÁÄ¢Ü¹ñB±êÍAè«ÌAZuR[hðgÝ±ÜÈ¢À
     èâèÉÍÈèÜ¹ñB_foo Ì`ÌxðSÄ foo É|óµÄâé
     ©A(ÚA«ðß½¯êÎ) EXTERNAL(foo) Ìæ¤È}NðpÓµ
     ÄA(__ELF__ ªè`³êÄ¢êÎ»ÌÜÜÏðÔµAè`³êÄ¢È¯
     êÎ _ ðt¯éæ¤É·éÌª¢¢Åµå¤B

  o  libc 5 Æ libc 4 Ìá¢Bá¦Î locale T|[gÖÌC^[tFCX
     ÍÏX³êÄ¢Ü·B

  o  gÁÄ¢éoCi`®ðAvP[Vâ\zßöªQÆµÄ¢éê
     Bá¦Î emacs Í»ÌêáÅAC[WðÀs`®ÆµÄfBX
     NÉ«¾·ÌÅAÀs`®ÌtH[}bgðvOªðµÄ¢é
     Kvª èÜ·B

  o  ¤LCuâ¤LCuðÜÞAvP[V(X11 ªªèâ·
     ¢á)B±êçÌêAELF `®Å¤LCuðìéæ¤Èû@ÉC³
     ·éKvª èÜ·B

  ÆÉ©AÈºÉ 2 ÂÌXgð¦µÜ·BÅÌXgÍùÉ ELF `®Ì
  o[Wªì¬³êÄ¢éàÌ(·Èí¿AELF `®ÅRpC·éÉÍ
  Vµ¢o[Wðüè·êÎ¢¢àÌ)ÅA2 ÂßÌXgÍæOÒ©çÌ
  pb`ªKvÈvOÅ·B

  4.1.  AbvO[h·êÎ¢¢àÌF

  o  Dosemu

     »ÝÅÍ dosemu à ELF `®Å®«Ü·B½¾µAMakefile É½ÌC
     ³ªKvÈæ¤Å·BÅVÅÌ dosemu Í
     <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/dosemu/> ©çüèÅ«Ü·B
  o  e2fsutils

     e2fs t@CVXepÌeí[eBeB e2fsutils ÍAo[W
      0.5c È~ÌàÌÍÏXÈ ELF `®ÅRpCÅ«Ü·B

  o  Emacs

     Emacs ÉÍ 2 ÂÌöÝIÈâèª èÜ·B(i) Emacs ÍAÜ¸Å¬KÍ
     ÌVXeð®©µÄAKvÈ lisp t@CðSÄÇÝ±ñ¾ãÅA
     C[WðÀs`®Ìt@CÆµÄ¼ÚfBXNÖ«¾·AÆ¢
     ¤©ÈèÏÁ½èÅì¬³êÜ·B(FSF) Emacs 19.29 Æ XEmacs
     19.12(©ÁÄÍ Lucid Emacs ÆÄÎêÄ¢Üµ½)Í ELF `®©Ç¤©ð
     ©®IÉ©ª¯ÄA³µ¢èÅ\z³êÜ·B(ii) ¢Â©Ìo[W
     Ì emacs ð ncurses ðg¤æ¤ÉRpC·éêAemacs Ì\[
     XpbP[WÌ src/s/linux.h ÌæªtßÉ #define TERMINFO Ìêsð
     Á¦È¢ÆA³µ\z³êÈ¢±Æª èÜ·B±êÍ 19.31 ÅÍKv
     È¢Å·ªAXEmacs 19.13 ÉÍKvÅ·BÌo[WA19.14 ÅÍÔ
     á¢ÈC³³êé±ÆÅµå¤B

  o  gdb 4.16

     ù¶Ì gdb ÅàâèÈ»ÌÜÜg¦Ü·ªA4.16 ÅÌp³ê½¤L
     Cu@\Í¸ÁÆÖÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·BÅ·©çAàµCuÖ
     AÌÈG[ÉYÜ³êÄ¢éêAgdb ðo[WAbv·éÌà
     ¢¢Åµå¤B

  o  Kernel {Ì

     J[lÌo[W 2.0 È~Í ELF `®ÅâèÈ®«Ü·BJ[l
     \zÌÝè(make config)ÌÉÈºÌ 2 ÂÌÚÉ `yes' Æ¦Ä
     ¾³¢(±êÍ 1.3 Åà¯¶Å·)B1.2 ðÜ¾gÁÄ¢éêAÌ
     XgÉ¦·pb`ðüèµÄ¾³¢B

       Kernel support for ELF binaries (CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF) [Y/m/n/?]
       Compile kernel as ELF - if your GCC is ELF-GCC (CONFIG_KERNEL_ELF) [Y/n/?]

  o  perl 5

     Perl 5.001m È~Ìo[WÍ ELF VXeÅA®I[h@\à®àø
     ÉAÏXÈRpCÅ«Ü·BÅVÅÌ Perl Í CPAN(Comprehensive
     Perl Archive Network)TCg©çüèÅ«Ü·BCPAN Í funet Åà~
     [³êÄ¢Ü·  <ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/mirros/perl/CPAN>AªgßÈ
     TCg©çüè·éæ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢B

  o  ps Æ top

     Procps 0.98 ÈãÌo[WÍ ELF `®ðT|[gµÄ¢Ü·(æèÃ
     ¢o[WÅà®«Ü·ªAWCHAN Ì¼OðJ[l©çÇÝÆé±Æ
     ªÅ«Ü¹ñ)B2.0 V[YÌJ[lÉÍ procps 0.99a È~Ìo[
     WªKvÈ±Æð¨YêÈB

  o  util-linux 2.2 ÉüÁÄ¢é cal vOÍ®«Ü¹ñBtsx-11 É 
     é version 2.5 <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/utils>È~
     Ìo[WðgÁÄ¾³¢B

  o  Mosaic

     ©gÍ Mosaic ðRpCÅ«éÂ«É èÜ¹ñªANCSA ©ç
     [X³êÄ¢é 2.7b1 È~Ì Mosaic ÌoCiÍ ELF `®ÉÈÁÄ¢
     Ü·BÆ±ëªAX ÌÝèªÏÈÉÈÁÄ¢ÄAÊíÌVXeÅÍ
     libXpm.so.4.5 ª©t©çÈ¢AÆ¢¤G[ÉÈèÜ·BÅãÌo[
     WÔ(.5)ª]vÈÌÅAPÈC³û@ÍAemacs ÈÇÌoCi
     t@CðìÅ«éGfB^Å¼ÚC³µÄµÜ¤±ÆÅµå¤B
     libXpm.so.4.5^@ Æ¢¤¶ñðTµÄ(±±Å ^@ Í NUL LN^
     --- ASCII Ì 0 ---Å·)A.5 ðíµAt@C¼Ì·³ªÏçÈ¢æ
     ¤ÉAÓ[ NUL LN^ÌãÉ 2 ÂÌXy[XðÇÁµÜµå
     ¤B

  4.2.  pb`ªöJ³êÄ¢éàÌ

  o  file

     file ÍÁÉâèÈ®«Ü·ªAüÇÌ]nª èÜ
     ·Fftp.uk.linux.org <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/Linux/libc/non-
     core/file.patch> É épb`ð ÄêÎAoCiª strip ³êÄ¢
     é©Ç¤©âGfBAª¬Ýµ½ ELF oCi©ð©ª¯é±ÆàÂ
     \ÉÈèÜ·B

  o  make-3.74

     GNU Ì ftp TCgÉ é\[XR[hðüèµÄ libc-5.3.12 Ì[
     Xm[gÉ épb`ð Äé©Atsx-11 ©ç make-3.74.gz ÌoCi
     ðüèµÄ¾³¢BGNU Ì make ÉÍVµ¢ ELF ÅÌ libc o[W
     ÅÌÝIæ·éoOª èÜ· -- ±ÌoOÍAÀÛÉÍÃ¢ GNU Ì
     libc É Á½oOÉË¶µ½ÀÉÈÁÄ¢é¹¢ÅA»Ì libc ÌoO
     ÍÂ¢ÅßÜÅÌ Linux Ì libc Éà èÜµ½B»Ì½ßAÃ¢ a.out
     ÅÌ make vOðgÁÄ¢éêÍ®ìµÜ·ªAVµ¢ ELF pÉ
     Ípb`ªKvÅ·B

     GNU Make ÌJÒ½¿à±ÌoOÉÍCt¢Ä¢ÄA«Ìo[WÅ
     ÍC³³êéÍ¸Å·B

  o  1.2.x J[l

     1.2.x V[YÌJ[lÉÂ¢ÄÍ 3 ÂÌIvVª èÜ·B

     1. Makefile ðµC³µÄAa.out RpCðg¤æ¤ÉµÜ·B cd
        /usr/src/linux µAÈºÌpb`ðØèoµÄ patch - p1 Å ÄÄ
        ¾³¢BÈºÌpb`ð©Èªç Makefile ðè®ÅC³µÄà©Ü
        ¢Ü¹ñBÈºÌpb`t@CÍÈPÉðÅ«éÅµå¤ (- Ån
        ÜésðíµÄ + ÅnÜÁÄ¢ésðÇÁµÜ·)

          diff -u linux-1.2.13/Makefile.orig linux/Makefile
          --- linux-1.2.13/Makefile.orig  Wed Aug 16 20:53:26 1995
          +++ linux/Makefile      Fri Dec  8 16:19:49 1995
          @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@
           TOPDIR := $(shell if [ "$$PWD" != "" ]; then echo $$PWD; else pwd; fi)

          -AS     =as
          -LD     =ld
          -HOSTCC =gcc -I$(TOPDIR)/include
          -CC     =gcc -D__KERNEL__ -I$(TOPDIR)/include
          +AS     =/usr/i486-linuxaout/bin/as
          +LD     =ld  -m i386linux
          +HOSTCC =gcc -b i486-linuxaout -I$(TOPDIR)/include
          +CC     =gcc -b i486-linuxaout -D__KERNEL__ -I$(TOPDIR)/include
           MAKE   =make
           CPP    =$(CC) -E
           AR     =ar

      é¢ÍA

     2. H.J.Lu ìÌpb`ð ÄÄAJ[lð ELF `®ÅRpCÅ«é
        æ¤É·é(±ÌêAELF `®ÌRA_vàÂ\ÉÈèÜ·)±Ì
        pb`Í <ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware_source/kernel-
        source/v1.2/linuxelf-1.2.13.diff.gz> ©çüèÅ«Ü·B

        1.2 V[YÌJ[lðÜñ¾ELF `®ÌfBXgr[V
        (RedHat 2.1 â Slackware 3)ÉÍ±Ìpb`ªÜÜêÄ¢é©A
        ½pb`ªùÉ ½ÁÄ¢éÍ¸Å·B

        µ©µAÅPÌACfAÍA½ªA

     3. 2.0 Öo[WAbvµÜµå¤BÆÉ© 1.2 Ì±ëÍ ELF ÉÂ
        ¢Äz¶³êÄ¢Ü¹ñÅµ½B

     1.2.13 Ìo[Wð gcc 2.7.2 ÈãÌo[WÅRpC·éê
     AÊÌâèà¶¶Ü·Basm/io.h ÉÍ gcc 2.7.2 ÅÌÝIæ·éoO
     ª èAC³·é½ßÌpb`Í
     <ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/Linux/libc/misc/io.h> É èÜ·B

  5.  æèÚµ¢îñ

  o  GCC-HOWTO <GCC-HOWTO.html>ÉÍALinux ÅvOðJ·éÛÉL
     vÈîñª½ÜÜêÄ¢Ü·(ÈÆàÍ»¤l¦Ä¢Ü·BªÛ
     çµÄ¢Ü·©ç)BGCC-HOWTO ÍA±Ì¶Æ¯¶êÉ éÍ¸ÈÌ
     ÅAãLÌNÍÎwèÉÈÁÄ¢Ü·B

  o  linux-gcc [OXg(±êÍ linux.* Ìj[XðóMµÄ¢é
     êAlinux.dev.gcc j[XO[vÉàÈÁÄ¢Ü·)ÍA©ª©çÍ
     eµÈÄà½ªN«Ä¢é©ðmé±ÆÌÅ«éÅPÌêÅµå
     ¤B±êÍ Usenet ÆÍá¤ÌÅAÀÛÉJÉÖíéâèÌÝðe·
     éæ¤ÉµÄ¾³¢B[OXgÉQÁ·éÉÍA help Æ¢¤
     êðÜÞ[ð majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu ÉÁÄ¾³¢B[
     OXgÌA[JCuÍ  <http://www.linux.ncm.com/linux-gcc/>
     É èÜ·B

  o  linux-gcc Ì[OXgÅ½ªsÈíêÄ¢é©ÌîñÍAªX
     VðÓçÈ¢ÀèAlinux-gcc web page
     <http://ftp.uk.linux.org/~barlow/linux/gcc-list.html> É èÜ·B
     ±Ìy[WÉÍA±Ì HOWTO ÌÅVÅÖÌNà èA{¶ÌÅQÆ
     µÄ¢épb`àWßÄ¢Ü·BÄâpÌwpTCgÖÌNª×
     ¢l½¿(pÌwplbgÈOÌÆ±ëÅÍ½¢Ä¢»¤Åµå¤¯
     Ç)pÉA±Ìy[WÍ  <http://www.blackdown.org/elf/elf.html> É~
     [³êÄ¢Ü·B

  o  ELF `®ÉÂ¢ÄÌ¶ª tsx-11
     <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/ELF.doc.tar.gz> É è
     Ü·B±Ì¶Í½ªt@C`®ððµ½¢lâfobOµ½¢lA
     oCiÌIuWFNgð¼Úì·éæ¤ÈvOÌìÒÉàÁÆ
     àð§ÂàÌÅµå¤B

  o  H.J Lu ª¢½ ELF: From The Programmer's Perspective
     <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/GCC/elf.latex.tar.gz> Í
     ELF `®ÅvO·éÛÉLpÈîñª¸ÁÆÚµà¾³êÄ¢Ü
     ·Bàµ LaTeX ðÅ«È¯êÎA¯¶o[WÌ PostScript Åª
      èÜ·B

  o  ncurses CuÉÂ¢ÄÌîñÆ terminfo f[^x[XÍEric
     Raymond's ncurses resource page
     <http://www.ccil.org/~esr/ncurses.html> É èÜ·B

  o  ld.so pbP[WÉÜÜêÄ¢é dlopen(3) Ì man page ÉÍÖA·é@
     \ÉÂ¢ÄÌà¾ª©êÄ¢Ü·B

  6.  »Ì¼

  6.1.  tB[hobNÌ¨è¢

  Feedback Í½}µÜ·B[Í daniel.barlow@linux.org Ö¨è¢µÜ
  ·Bé§Ì[ðéKvª éêAÌ web pages
  <http://ftp.uk.linux.org/~barlow/> É é PGP ÌöJ®(ID 5F263625)ð
  gÁÄ¾³¢B

  ±Ì¶Éª é×«âèÅAª©Â©çÈ¢êàÉ[µÄ¾
  ³¢B±Ì¶ÌÅGêçêé×«ÅÍÈ¢âèÅAªðmÁÄ¢é©
  àmêÈ¢âèÉÂ¢ÄÍAÜ¸ comp.os.linux.* j[XO[vÉe
  µÄÝÄ¾³¢B½¢Ä¢[Ìâ¢í¹Éà¦Ä¢Ü·ªA[
  ð³·±Æàæ éÌÅB

  Ì¼OªS~[OXgÉÚÁÄ¢éÌð©½lÍíµÄ¾³é
  æ¤É¨è¢µÜ·B

  6.2.  |óÅ

  ±Ì¶Ì|óÅðìè½¢êAÏÉIÉâÁÄ¢½¾¢Ä\¢Ü¹ñªA
  ê¾AµÄ¾³¢Bªb¹é¾êÉ|óµÄàç¦éÂ\«Í(ßµ¢
  ±ÆÉ)SªÌêÅµå¤ªA»êÍ³Ä¨«AÌoé±ÆÍæë±ñ
  Å¨è`¢µÜ·B

  ªmÁÄ¢é|óÅÍF

  o  C^AêÅ <http://www.psico.unipd.it/ildp/docs/HOWTO/ELF-
     HOWTO.html> ðFavro Renata ª|óµÜµ½B (»Ì¼ÌC^AêÅ
     HOWTO à <http://www.psico.unipd.it/ildp/docs/HOWTO/INDEX.html> É
      èÜ·B

  o  ±¶ÜÝÂÐëªú{êÅðì¬µÜµ½B
     <http://jf.gee.kyoto-u.ac.jp/JF/index.html>©çüèÅ«Ü·B

  6.3.  @IÈbè

  All trademarks used in this document are acknowledged as being owned
  by their respective owners.  Yow!

  The right of Daniel Barlow to be identified as the author of this work
  has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
  Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988.

  This document is copyright (C) 1996 Daniel Barlow
  <daniel.barlow@linux.org> It may be reproduced and distributed in
  whole or in part, in any medium physical or electronic, as long as
  this copyright notice is retained on all copies. Commercial
  redistribution is allowed and encouraged; however, the author would
  like to be notified of any such distributions.

  All translations, derivative works, or aggregate works incorporating
  any Linux HOWTO documents must be covered under this copyright notice.
  That is, you may not produce a derivative work from a HOWTO and impose
  additional restrictions on its distribution. Exceptions to these rules
  may be granted under certain conditions; please contact the Linux
  HOWTO coordinator at the address given below.

  In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through
  as many channels as possible. However, we do wish to retain copyright
  on the HOWTO documents, and would like to be notified of any plans to
  redistribute the HOWTOs.

  If you have questions, please contact Greg Hankins, the Linux HOWTO
  coordinator, at gregh@sunsite.unc.edu.

  ±Ì¶É»íê½g[h}[NÍSÄ»ÌLÒÉA®µÄ¢Ü·B

  ±Ì¶Ì´ÒÅ é Daniel Barlow Ì Í 1988 NÉ§è³ê½
  ``COpyright Desings and Patents" @Ì 77 ðÆ 78 ðÉKè³êÄ¢Ü
  ·B

  ±Ì¶Í Daniel Barlow<daniel.barlow@linux.org> ªì ðLµÄ¢Ü
  ·B±Ìì \¦ª¦³êéÀèAÇÌæ¤È¨IAdqI}Ìðp¢
  ÄA±Ì¶ÌSÌÅàê¾¯ÅàARs[µÄÄzz·é±ÆªÂ\Å
  ·B¤Ipàø³êA§³êÜ·ªA»Ìæ¤ÈêÉÍÒÜÅê¾
  ¨mç¹¾³¢B

  |óâ±Ì¶©çh¶µ½¶A çäé Linux HOWTO ¶ÆÌgÝ í
  ¹½¶WÈÇàA±Ìì \¦ÉæÁÄÛì³êé±ÆÉÈèÜ·B·È
  í¿ALinux Ì HOWTO ©çh¶µ½ìiÉÎµÄA»ÌzzðW°éæ¤È
  §ÀðÛ·±ÆÍÅ«Ü¹ñBêèÌðÌàÆÅáOðÝ¯é±ÆàÂ\È
  ÌÅAÚ×ÉÂ¢ÄÍÈºÉ¦· Linux HOWTO ÌR[fBl[^ÉqËÄ
  ¾³¢B

  ÈPÉ¾¦ÎA½¿ÍÂ\È©¬èÌû@Å±Ì¶ÈÇÌîñðLmç
  ¹æ¤Æl¦Ä¢Ü·Bµ©µÈªçA½¿Í HOWTO ¶Éì ðÝè
  µAHOWTO ÌÄzzvæÉÂ¢ÄÍmç¹Äàç¢½¢ÆvÁÄ¢Ü·B

  ¿âª êÎA»ÝÌ Linux HOWTO ÌR[fBl[^AGrep Hankins
  gregh@sunsite.unc.edu ÖAµÄ¾³¢B