The Linux Networking Overview HOWTO Daniel Lopez Ridruejo, ridruejo@rawbyte.com v0.32, 8 July 2000 aó ìãv (hisakuni@interlink.or.jp) Æ Konkiti (konkiti@lares.dti.ne.jp) v0.32j 2000N730ú ±Ì¶ÌÚIÍA Linux Iy[eBOVXeÌlbg[N\Íð åÜ©É©ñÅà礱ÆA»µÄAàÁÆiñ¾îñâïÌIÈâèûð ²×éêðÐî·é±ÆÅ·B ______________________________________________________________________ Ú 1. ͶßÉ 2. Linux 2.1 Linux Æͽŵå¤H 2.2 Linux ÌÇñÈƱëªá¤ÌH 3. lbg[NvgR 3.1 TCP/IP 3.2 TCP/IP æ6Å 3.3 IPX/SPX 3.4 AppleTalk vgRXC[g 3.5 WAN lbg[NLOƵÄAX.25 At[[A»Ì¼ DDD 3.6 ISDN 3.7 PPP A SLIP A PLIP 3.8 A}` A³ü 3.9 ATM 4. T|[g³êélbg[Npn[hEFA 5. t@CÆv^̤L 5.1 Apple « 5.2 Windows « 5.3 Novell « 5.4 Unix « 6. C^[lbg^Cglbg 6.1 Mail 6.1.1 Mail T[o 6.1.2 [ÖÌ[gANZX 6.1.3 [[UG[WFg( Mail User Agent ) 6.1.4 [OXgÌ\tgEFA 6.1.5 Fetchmail 6.2 Web T[o 6.3 Web uEU 6.4 FTP T[oÆNCAg 6.5 News T[rX 6.6 hCl[VXe( Domain Name System ) 6.7 DHCP A bootp 6.8 NIS 6.9 FØ ( Authentication ) 7. AvP[VÌ[gÀs 7.1 Telnet 7.2 [gR}h 7.3 X EBhEVXe 7.4 VNC 8. lbg[NÝÚ± 8.1 [^ (Router) 8.2 ubW (Bridge) 8.3 IP }XJ[h( IP Masquerade ) 8.4 IP AJEeBO (IP Accounting) 8.5 IP GCAX (IP aliasing) 8.6 gtBbNVFCsO (Traffic Shaping) 8.7 t@CAEH[ (FireWall) 8.8 |[gtH[fBO (Port forwarding) 8.9 [hoVO (Load Balancing) 8.10 EQL (óF}`NÚ±) 8.11 vLVT[o (Proxy Server) 8.12 If}hÌ_CA (Diald on demand) 8.13 glO( tunnelling )ÆAoC IP ( mobile IP )A ¼zvCx[glbg[N( virtual private network ) 9. lbg[NÇ 9.1 lbg[NÇÌAvP[V 9.2 SNMP 10. åéÆÌ Linux lbg[LO 10.1 Âp«( High Availability ) 10.2 RAID 10.3 ç·lbg[LO 11. îñ¹ 12. ¶Ìüùð 13. Ó«ÆÆÓ 14. ú{êóÉ墀 ______________________________________________________________________ 1. ͶßÉ ±Ì¶ÌÚIÍA Linux Iy[eBOVXeÌlbg[N\Íð åÜ©É©ñÅà礱ÆÅ·BLinux ÌÝÍîñªLxÉüèÅ«é± ÆÅ·BÙÆñÇÌÖAîñͽüèÅ«Ü·ªAîñ̽ÍÀsû@É Å_ðÄĢܷB Linux SÒÉÆÁÄÍAÁÉ Windows «©çÚÁ Ä«½ûÍA Linux ªlbg[NÅÅ«é±Æªª©çÈ¢æ¤Å·B» ±ÅA{¶ÅÍA Linux ªlbg[NÅÅ«é±ÆÌSÌð´ÁÆ© Äà礱ÆɵܷB»ê¼êÌÚÌà¾ÍZµÄ¨«AàÁÆiñ¾ îñðT·êðÐîµÜ·B±ÌîñÍA HOWTO A faq AevWFNg Ì Web y[WA©gÌo±ÈÇA½Ìîñ¹©çWß½àÌÅ·B±ê çÌîñÍSĪ»ÌÒB̨©°Å·B±ÌÒBÆe®ªÈ¯êÎ{ ¶ÍìêÈ©Á½Åµå¤µA»à»àKvÅàÈ©Á½Åµå¤B 2. Linux 2.1. Linux Æͽŵå¤H Linux ÌìÒÌMªÍ Linus Torvalds ³ñÅ·B Linus ³ñªÅÌo[ WðìÁÄÈA³ÌlXÌÍÅ Linux ÍiàµÄ«Üµ½B Linux ÍSÌXNb`©çìçê½ Unix Iy[eBOVXeÌN[ Å·B Linux ÅÅ໡[¢±ÆÌÐÆÂÍ¢EůÉJªsíêÄ ¢é±ÆÅ·B Linux Í GNU General Public License (GPL) Ìì É]¢Ü·B GPL Æ Í Free Software Foundation (FSF) ª¢½CZXÅA\tgEFAÌ ©RÈzzð§ÀµÈ¢æ¤Él¦çêĢܷBÈPɾ¤Æ±ÌCZ XÅÍA\tgEFAÌRs[É¿àð¿Å«Ü·ªA»ÌRs[ðó¯ ÆÁ½lª»ÌRs[ð³¿Å °éÌð~ßçêÈ¢ÌÅ·BܽA±Ì CZXÅÍ\[XR[hªK¸èÉüçȢƢ¯Ü¹ñA±êÍvO }ÉÍð§Â±ÆÅ·B¯¶ì É]ÁÄ¢éÀèANÅà Linux ÉC³ ðÁ¦é±ÆàÅ«Ü·µAC³vOÌzz³¦Å«Ü·B 2.2. Linux ÌÇñÈƱëªá¤ÌH Ⱥ Linux ðg¤Ìŵå¤H Linux ͼÌIy[eBOVXeæè ÊÍÀ¿(ÈÆà¿ÅÍÈ¢)Å·µA½Ì¤pVXeæèâèª È¢±Æª\ èÜ·BÅà Linux ðá¤àÌɳ¹Ä¢éÌÍRXg æèÍ(ÇÍ OS ª³¿Åà«Å«È¢ÈçNª~µªèÜ·H) Linux ̸β¯½\ÍÅ·B o Linux Í{¨Ì32rbg}`^XNIy[eBOVXeÅ·Bå w©çåéÆÜÅAL¢ÍÍÅ\ªÉg¦éæ³Æ\ͪ èÜ·B (óF 64bit Åà èÜ·B) o Linux ͺÍ386{bNX©ç¤ÅÌåKÍÈ´Àñ}VÜÅÌn[ hEFAÅèÜ·B o Linux Í·®g¦é IntelASparcAAlpha ÌeA[LeN`ŪèÉü 龯ÅÍ èܹñB Power PC Æ©A SGIA Ultra SparcA AP1000+A Strong ARMA MIPS R3000/R4000 ¼ÌgÝÝVXeų¦ À±IÉT|[g³êĢܷB o ÅãÉAlbg[NðâéÉÍ Linux ªI貫ŷB»ÌRÍA lbg[N@\ª OS ©ÌÉgÝÜêÄ¢é±ÆÆA½·¬éö ÌAvP[Vªt[ÅèÉüé±Æà èÜ·ªA»ê¾¯ÅÍ èܹñB½Æ¢ÁÄàAd¢×ÉàϦé泪RÅ·B±ê ÍI[v\[XÌvWFNgŽNàÌfobOÆeXgðoÄ ßľçêéàÌÅ·B 3. lbg[NvgR Linux ͽí½lÌlbg[NvgRðT|[gµÜ·B 3.1. TCP/IP C^[lbgvgR( Internet Protocol )ÍA³XÍÄhÈ( DoD )pÉ 20NOÉJ³ê½àÌÅ·B±êÍÙ@íRs [^ÌÝÚ±ª åÈÚIŵ½B TCP/IP XC[gÌvgRÍKw\¢ÈÌÅAAvP [Vðlbg[Npn[hEFA©çª£Å«Ü·B TCP/IP ÍKwIfðî{ɵĢܷªA@\IKwɵiÉ]¤æè àÀÛɤÜÂȪé±ÆðdµÄ¢Ü·B±Ìæ¤ÈRÉæèAlb g[NÌÝÚ±vgRÍ OSI ÅÍÈ TCP/IP ªÀãÌWÆÈ èܵ½B Linux Ío굽ƫ©ç TCP/IP lbg[N@\ðÁĢܵ½B±ê ÍXNb`©ç«ã°½àÌÅ·B±êÍÅàæA¬ÅAM«ª ¢ÀÌÐÆÂÅA Linux ̬÷Ì®ÌÐÆÂÅ·B ÖA·é HOWTO F http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NET3-4-HOWTO.html>) 3.2. TCP/IP æ6Å IPv6 Í IPng ( IP Next Generation )ÆàÄÎêA IPv4 vgRÅÛè ÆÈÁÄ¢½½Ì_ðüP·é×ÌAbvO[hÅÅ·B IPv4 ÅÌÛè ÆÍApÂ\È IP AhXÌs«AÔÉq´ÈgtBbNðµ¤J jYªÈ¢Albg[NCÅÌZL eBªÈ¢ÈÇÅ·B æèå«ÈAhXóÔðg¤ÉÍAhXwèû@ÌüǪº¢Ü·ªA» êÍ[eBOÌ«\Éå«e¿·é±ÆÉÈèÜ·B Linux px[^ ÅÌÀÍùÉ èAÀpÅÍ 2.2.0 Ì Linux J[l[XÉüéÆ\ z³êÜ·B o Linux IPv6 Ì HOWTO F http://www.wcug.wwu.edu/ipv6/faq/ <http://www.wcug.wwu.edu/ipv6/faq/> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/linux-ipv6/linux-ipv6.faq.html> ALinux IPv6 Users Group JP <http://www.v6.linux.or.jp/index.html.ja.html>) 3.3. IPX/SPX IPX/SPX ( Internet Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange ) ÍA Xerox Network Systems (XNS) vgRðî{ÉµÄ Novell ªJµ½v gRQÅAL t«ÌàÌÅ·B IPX/SPX Í 1980 NãßÉ Novell, Inc. Ì NetWare Ågíê½vgRƵÄL¼ÉÈÁ½àÌÅ ·B NetWare Íæê¢ãÌ LAN Ì network operating system (NOS) Ìf t@NgX^_[hÉÈèܵ½B Novell Í©ªÌ NOS ÉArWlXü ¯AvP[VQÆNCAg¤ÅÌÚ±[eBeBÆðt¯Á¦ ½ÌÅ·B Linux ÍñíÉN[È IPX/SPX ªÀ³êĨèAÝèÉæèÌ±Æ Ég¦Ü·B o IPX [^ o IPX ubW o (t@C¤pÌ×Ì) NCP NCAg ¨æÑ^Ü½Í NCP T[o o Novell vgNCAgA Novell vgT[o ܽA o PPP/IPX ðLøɵÄA Linux {bNXð PPP ÌT[o[^NCA gƵÄg¦Ü·B o IP ÌÅ IPX ðglO³¹é±ÆÅA IP µ©Ê¹È¢Nð îµÄñÂÌ IPX Ìlbg[NðڱūܷB »êÉÁ¦ÄA Caldera <http://www.caldera.com> Í Linux ÅÌ Novell NetWare ð¤pT|[gµÄ¢Ü·B Caldera Í Novell ЩçCZX ðó¯½ZpðgÝñ¾®SÈ Novell NetWare NCAgðµÄ¢ Ü·B±ÌNCAgÍ Novell 3.x Æ 4.x Ìt@CT[oÉ®SÉA NZXÅ«Ü·µA NetWare fBNgT[rX( NDS ) Æ RSA û@ \ÈÇà èÜ·B o IPX Ì HOWTO Fhttp://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/IPX-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/IPX-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/IPX-HOWTO.html>) 3.4. AppleTalk vgRXC[g AppleTalk Í Apple ÌC^[lbg[NZp̼OÅ·B±êÍsAc [sAÌlbg[NfÅAt@CÆv^̤LÈÇÌî{Iȱ ƪūܷBe}VͯÉNCAgÆT[oÆÉÅ«Ü·µA±ê ÉKvÈ\tgEFAÆn[hEFAÍÇÌ Apple Rs [^ÉàüÁÄ ¢Ü·B Linux ÍA AppleTalk lbg[Nð®Sɵ¦Ü·B Netatalk ͳXÍ BSD nÌVXep¾Á½àÌÅA AppleTalk vgRXC[gðJ[ lxÅÀµ½àÌÅ·B Netatalk ðgÁÄA AppleTalk Ì[ eBOA Unix Æ AFS Ìt@CVXeÌ AFP ( AppleShare )ãÅÌñ A Unix v^Æ AppleTalk v^ÖÌANZXð PAP ãÅñÅ« Ü·B 5.1 ßÉÍàÁÆîñª èÜ·ÌŲº³¢B 3.5. WAN lbg[NLOƵÄAX.25 At[[A»Ì¼ DDD Linux pÌ T-1 ÆA T-3 A X.25 At[[Ì»ið 2 A3 ÌT[ hp[eB[ªµÄ¢Ü·B±êçÌ^CvÅÚ±·éÉÍÁÊÈn[h EFAªêÊIÉKvÅ·B»Ìn[hEFAÌx_ÍvgRT|[g t«ÌhCoàµÜ·B o Linux pÌ WAN ÖWîñ¹F http://www.secretagent.com/networking/wan.html <http://www.secretagent.com/networking/wan.html> 3.6. ISDN Linux ÌJ[lÉÍgÝÝÌ ISDN @\ª èÜ·B isdn4linux Å ISDN PC J[hðRg[µÄA Hayes R}hZbg(``AT'' R} h)ÌfÌG~ [gªÅ«Ü·B(gÝñ¾foCXðgÁÄ) HDLC ðîµ½Ú±ÅÌ[vOp©çAPPP ÉæéC^[lbgÖÌ® SÈÚ±AI[fBIÌAvP[VÜÅAL¢ÍÍ̱ƪūܷB o isdn4linux Ì FAQ : http://www.isdn4linux.de/faq/ <http://www.isdn4linux.de/faq/> 3.7. PPP A SLIP A PLIP Linux ÌJ[lÉÍgÝÝÌ PPP ( Point-to-Point-Protocol )ÆA SLIP ( Serial Line IP ) A PLIP ( Parallel Line IP )ÌT|[gª èÜ ·B PPP ÍÂlª©ªÌ ISP ( Internet Service Provider )ÖANZX· éÌÉêÔægíêéû@Å·B PLIP Í2ÂÌ}Vð¨à𩯸ÉÚ ±Å«éû@Å·B PLIP Íp|[gÆÁêP[uðgÁÄ 10kBps ©ç 20kBps ̬xªoÜ·B o Linux PPP HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/PPP-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/PPP-HOWTO.html>) o PPP/SLIP emulator <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/SLIP-PPP- Emulator.html> o PLIP ÌîñÍÌƱëũ¯çêÜ·B The Network Administrator Guide <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/LDP/nag/nag.html> (óFaóÍA IC[EWpsu LINUX lbg[NÇv) 3.8. A}` A³ü Linux ÌJ[lÉÍgÝÝÌA}` A³üvgRÌT|[gª è Ü·B ÁÉ»¡[¢ÌÍ AX.25 ÌT|[gÅ·B AX.25 vgRÍRlNV ^ÆRlNVX^̼ûÌ®ì[hª èÜ·B±ê¾¯Å|Cg c[|CgÌNɵ½èA±êÌãÅ TCP/IP Æ NetRom ÈÇÌÊÌv gRð^ÔÌÉgÁ½èµÜ·B AX.25 Í\¢IÉÍ X.25 level 2 Ư¶Å·ªAA}` A³ü«ÉK· éæ¤É¢Â©g£µÄ¢Ü·B o Amateur radio on Linux web site <http://radio.linux.org.au/> (ó FAmateur radio HOWTOÌaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/HAM-HOWTO.html>) 3.9. ATM Linux ÅÌ ATM ÌT|[gÍ»óÅÍvAt@ÌiKÅ·BÀ±IÈ [Xª èA¶ÌÜÜÅÌ ATM Ú±( PVC Æ SVC )Æ©A ATM ãÅÌ IP A LAN G~ [VÈÇðT|[gµÄ¢Ü·B o Linux ATM-Linux home page <http://lrcwww.epfl.ch/linux-atm/> 4. T|[g³êélbg[Npn[hEFA Linux ÍA®ÌàÜßÄÆÄà½lÈlbg[Npn[hEFAðT|[ gµÜ·B »¡[¢hL gð¢Â© o Hardware HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Hardware- HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Hardware- HOWTO.html>) o Ethernet HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Ethernet- HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Ethernet- HOWTO.html>) 5. t@CÆv^̤L PC ðî{ɵ½[JGAlbg[N̽ÍAt@C¤LÆv ^¤LT[rXð[UÉñ·éÌðæêÚIɵܷBéÆÅÌt@C Æv^¤LÌT[oÆµÄ Linux ͧhÈIðÉÈèÜ·B 5.1. Apple « ÈOÌßÅGê½æ¤ÉA Linux Í AppleTalk ÌvgRt@~[ðT |[gµÜ·B Linux Ì netatalk ðg¦ÎA Macintosh ÌNCAg© ç©Ä Linux VXeðlbg[NãÌà¤ÐÆÂÌ Macintosh ƵÄF ¯Å«A Linux T[oÉÚ±³ê½t@Câv^ð¤LÅ«Ü·B Netatalk faq Æ HOWTO o http://thehamptons.com/anders/netatalk/ <http://thehamptons.com/anders/netatalk/> o http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/ <http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/> o http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/faq.html <http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/faq.html> (óFLinux Netatalk-HOWTO <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/jp.netatalk- HOWTO.html>) 5.2. Windows « samba ÍAÙÆñÇÌ Unix B(ÁÉ Linux )ð Microsoft lbg[NÌN CAgƵÄàT[oƵÄà»Å«éAvP[VXC[gÅ ·BT[oÉg¦ÎA Windows 95 ÆA Windows for Workgroup A DOS A Windows NT ÌNCAgª Linux Ìt@CÆv^T[rXÉANZ XÅ«Ü·B samba ÍAt@CÆv^T[rXÉ墀 Windows NT ð®SÉu«·¦çêÜ·µANCAgÖÌv^hCoÌ©®I_ E[hàÅ«Ü·BNCAgÉg¦ÎA[JÉGNX|[g³ê ½ Windows ̤Lt@Cð Linux [NXe[Vª}EgÅ«Ü ·B SAMBA Meta-FAQ ÉæêÎ u½Ì[UÌñÉæêÎA¼Ì SMB ÌÀÆä×Ä Samba ÍæèÀèµAæè¬Aæè½ÌNCAgÆÝ·«ª è Ü·BNbV ³µÉÌ[U[ÉÜÅKÍgåªÂ\ÈB êÌ SMB T[oª Samba ¾AÆåKÍɱüµ½ÇÒB;Á ĢܷBv o Samba project home page <http://samba.anu.edu.au/samba/> (óFú { Samba [Uï <http://www.samba.gr.jp/>) o SMB HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/SMB-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/SMB-HOWTO.html>) o Printing HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Printing- HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Printing- HOWTO.html>) (óFLinux ãÅú{êðó·éû@ <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/JPprinting-mini-HOWTO.html>) 5.3. Novell « ÈOÌßÅq×½æ¤ÉA Linux Í NCP ÌNCAgܽÍT[oÆµÄ ®©¹Ü·ÌÅA Novell Ìlbg[NãÅ Novell Æ Unix ̼ûÌN CAgÉt@CÆv^ðT[rXÅ«Ü·B o IPX HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/IPX-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/IPX-HOWTO.html>) 5.4. Unix « Unix Ìlbg[LO«ÅÍ NFS ðgÁÄÌt@C¤LªæsÈí êÜ·B NFS Ílbg[NÅt@Cð¤L·éàÌÅA³XÍ Sun Microsystems ªJµ½vgRÅ·B NFS ÅÍ}V¯mª¨Ý¢Ì t@Cð[JÈt@CÅ é©Ìæ¤É¤LµÜ·B NFS T[oª ``export''·ét@CVXeðANCAgª``mount''µÜ·B}E g³ê½t@CVXeÍANCAg}V©çÍ[JÌt@C VXeÌêªÌæ¤É©¦Ü·B }VðN®·éÉ[gÌt@CVXeð}EgÅ«Ü·ÌÅA fBXNXÌNCAgðN®µÄAT[oÌSt@CÖANZXÅ« Ü·BÂÜèAn[hfBXNȵŮSÉ®Rs [^ÉÅ«Ü·B Coda Í( NFS Ìæ¤È)lbg[Nt@CVXeÅAñÚ±óÔÅÌ ìAi±ILbVOA»Ì¼ÌÖȱÆðT|[gµÜ·B±êÍ 2.2.x ÌJ[lÉÜÜêÜ·Bá¬Æ©MÅ«È¢lbg[NAÜ ½AbvgbvpÉ{Éè²ëÅ·B NFS ÖAhL g o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/NFS-Root.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/NFS-Root.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NFS-Root.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Diskless-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Diskless-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Diskless.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/NFS-Root-Client-mini- HOWTO/index.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/NFS-Root- Client-mini-HOWTO/index.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NFS-Root-Client.html>) o http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/tips/NFS-Tips/NFS-Tips.html <http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/tips/NFS-Tips/NFS-Tips.html> o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NFS-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NFS-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NFS-HOWTO.html>) CODA ͱ±Å©Â©èÜ·F http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/ <http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/> 6. C^[lbg^Cglbg Linux ÍCglbg^C^[lbgÌT[opÉg¦éDê½vbg tH[Å·BCglbgÆ¢¤pêÍAgDàÅÌîñ̬ÊƤL ðåáÉC^[lbgZpðg¤Æ¢¤Ó¡Å·B Linux ªÅ«éC^ [lbgÆCglbgÌT[rXÍAȺÌßÅTàµÜ·ªA Mail A News A WWW T[o»Ì¼ñíɽ èÜ·B 6.1. Mail 6.1.1. Mail T[o Sendmail Í Unix vbgtH[ÅÌft@NgX^_[hÌ[T [o ( Mail Transport Agent AMTA ÆÄÎêÜ·)Å·B Sendmail Íæ ÅAXP[uÅAvÌn[hEFAðKØÉÝè·êÎçÌ[UÌ [ðÔfȵ¦Ü·B sendmail ÉÖíéàÌƵÄÝv³êÄ¢é smail Æ© qmail ÈÇÌ[T[oà èÜ·B o Sendmail web site <http://www.sendmail.org/> o Smail faq <http://www.sbay.org/smail-faq.html> o Qmail web site <http://www.qmail.org> (óF qmail ú{êy[W <http://www.jp.qmail.org>) Mail Ì HOWTO o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Mail-User-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Mail-User-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Mail-User-HOWTO.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Qmail+MH.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Qmail+MH.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Qmail+MH.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Sendmail+UUCP.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Sendmail+UUCP.html> o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Mail-Queue.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Mail-Queue.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Mail-Queue.html>) 6.1.2. [ÖÌ[gANZX éÆÆ© ISP ÅÍÊÍA[UÍ©ªÌ[ð©ªÌfXN©ç[ gÉANZX·éŵå¤B±êð·éÌÉ POP ( Post Office Protocol )Æ IMAP ( Internet Message Access Protocol ) T[oðÜßA¢Â©Ì Iðª Linux ÉÍ èÜ·B POP vgRÍT[o©çNCAgÖ bZ[Wð]·éÌÉæg¢Ü·B IMAP ÍAT[oÌbZ[Wð ìµ½èAT[oÌtH_ð[g©çì¬íµ½èA¤L[ tH_Ö̯ANZXÈǪūܷB o IMAP Æ POP ÌÈPÈär <http://www.imap.org/imap.vs.pop.brief.html> [ÖAÌ HOWTO o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Mail-User-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Mail-User-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Mail-User-HOWTO.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Cyrus-IMAP.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Cyrus-IMAP.html> (óFmini- HOWTO install Cyrus IMAP ServerÌaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Cyrus-IMAP.html>) 6.1.3. [[UG[WFg( Mail User Agent ) Linux ÉÍ½Ì MUA ( Mail User Agent )ª èÜ·BOtBJÆeL Xg[h̼ûÅ·BÅàLgíêéÌÉÍA pine âA elm A mutt A Netscape ª èÜ·B o [ÖA\tgEFAÌê <http://www.linuxlinks.com/Software/Internet/Mail/> (óFàÌT Cg <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html#mail>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/TkRat.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/TkRat.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/TkRat.html>) 6.1.4. [OXgÌ\tgEFA [OXgðÇ·é MLM ( Mail List Management )ÌvO ÍA Unix ÅêÊÉp³êéàÌÆ Linux ÆÁÌà̪½ èÜ·B o »¶·é MLM ðãèÉärÎƵ½à̪±±Å©Â¯çêéŵå¤F ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/news.answers/mail/list-admin/ <ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/news.answers/mail/list-admin/> (óFà ÌTCg <ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/NetNews/FAQandDOCS/news.answers/mail/list- admin/>) o Listserv <http://www.lsoft.com/> o Majordomo home page <http://www.greatcircle.com/majordomo/> o (óFqmailÆmajordomoÆdistributeÌÝè <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/qmail+majordomo+distribution.html>) 6.1.5. Fetchmail fetchmail Í[ÖAÌÖÈ[eBeBÅ·B±êÍ( SLIP Æ© PPP Ú±ÈÇÌ)If}hÌ TCP/IP NÅg¤ÌªÚIÅA[g [ðûWµ½ètH[h·éàÌÅ·B±êÍt[ÅA½@\ÅAæ ÅA¶ª½³ñ èÜ·B fetchmail ÍC^[lbgÅ»Ýp³ êé[g[ÌvgRSÄðT|[gµÜ·B IPv6 Æ IPSEC ³ ¦T|[gµÜ·B fetchmail Í[gÌ[T[o©ç[ðWßA SMTP ÉæÁÄtH [hµÜ·BÅ·©çtH[h³ê½ãÅ mutt Æ©A elm A BSD Mail ÈÇÌÊÌ MUA ðgÁÄÇßÜ·µAVXeÌ MTA ªÊÌ[És ¤tB^AtH[hAGCAX@\ÌSÄð¯¶æ¤Ég¦Ü·B fetchmail ðgÁÄA ISP ÌÐÆÂÌ[{bNX©ç[ðWßA wb_ÌAhXÉîÃ¢Ä SMTP ÅtH[h³¹éæ¤É·êÎAÐÆÂ Ì DNS hCSÌÅÌ POP/IMAP ©ç SMTP ÖÌQ[gEFCÉÈèÜ ·B èo·[ðS ISP ÌÐÆÂÌ[{bNXÉWßĨ¢ÄA»± ©çC^[lbgÖèAüÁÄé[ð¯¶[{bNX©çS æèoµÄéæ¤É fetchmail ðÝèÅ«Ü·ÌÅA¬éÆÌ[ðÐ ÆÂÌ[{bNXÉW³¹çêÜ·B o Fetchmail home page <http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/fetchmail/> 6.2. Web T[o ÙÆñÇÌ Linux ÌfBXgr [VÉÍ Apache (http://www.apache.org <http://www.apache.org> (óFJAPACHE HTTP Server Project <http://japache.infoscience.co.jp/>) ) ªüÁĢܷB Apache Íhttp://www.netcraft.co.uk/survey/ <http://www.netcraft.co.uk/survey/>ÉæêÎC^[lbgÅÌio[ ÌT[oÅAC^[lbgÌTCg̼ªÈ㪠Apache ©»Ìh¶ð ç¹Ä¢Ü·B Apache ÍW [»³ê½ÝvAÀè«Æ¬xÉDêÄ ¢Ü·BKµ½n[hEFAðK³ÉÝè·êÎ Apache ÍÅåÀÌ×ð± ȹܷB Yahoo A AltaVista A GeoCities A Hotmail ͱÌT[o ÌJX^}CYÅðgÁĢܷB Apache ÍIvVÅ SSL (ÀSÈóðÂ\ɵܷ)ðg¦Ü·B±ÌT |[gÍÌƱëÅüèÅ«Ü·B o http://www.apache-ssl.org/ <http://www.apache-ssl.org/> o http://raven.covalent.net/ <http://raven.covalent.net/> o http://www.c2.net/ <http://www.c2.net/> ÖA·é HOWTO Í o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/WWW-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/WWW-HOWTO.html> o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Virtual-Services-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Virtual-Services-HOWTO.html> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Virtual-Services- HOWTO.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Intranet-Server-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Intranet-Server-HOWTO.html> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Intranet-Server- HOWTO.html>) o Linux pÌ Web server ÖWÌN <http://www.linuxlinks.com/Software/Internet/WebServers/> (óF àÌTCg <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html#WWW>) 6.3. Web uEU Linux vbgtH[pÌ Web uEUÍêt èÜ·B Netscape Navigator Í©çIÎêÄ«½àÌÅAÔàÈöJ³êé Mozilla (http://www.mozilla.org <http://www.mozilla.org> ) ÉÍ Linux Ū é ŵå¤Bà¤ÐÆÂÌægíêÄ¢éeLXgx[XÌ Web uEUÍ lynx Å·B±¿çÍOtBbN«ªg¦È¢êɬÅè²ëÅ·B o Linux puEU\tgEGA <http://www.linuxlinks.com/Software/Internet/WebBrowsers/> (óF àÌTCg <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html#WWW_BROWSER>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Public-Web-Browser.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Public-Web-Browser.html> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Public-Web- Browser.html>) 6.4. FTP T[oÆNCAg FTP ÆÍt@C]vgR( File Transfer Protocol )̱ÆÅ·BN CAgª FTP T[oÉÚ±µÄt@Cðæèo¹Ü·(_E[hÅ «Ü·) B Linux pÌ FTP T[oÆNCAgͽ èAÙÆñÇÌ fBXgr [VÉÊÍüÁĢܷBeLXgx[XÌNCA gà GUI x[XÌà èÜ·B Linux pÌ FTP ÖWÌ\tgEFA(T[o ÆNCAg)Í http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/file-transfer/ <http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/file-transfer/> (ó FàÌTCg <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html#FTP>) Å© ©èÜ·B 6.5. News T[rX Usenet ( news ƵÄàmçêÜ·)Íå«Èf¦ÂVXe ( bulletin board system )Å·B çäéíÞÌbèðÔ µÄ¨èAKwIÉgÝ§Ä çêĢܷBC^[lbgãÅRs [^Ìlbg[N( Usenet ) ªLðð··éÌÉÍ NNTP vgRðg¢Ü·B Linux pÌ NNTP Ì À͢© èÜ·Bd¢×ÌTCgpÌàAÌj [XO[v µ©óMµÈ¢¬³ÈTCgpÌà èÜ·B o INN home page <http://www.isc.org/> o Linux Ì news ÖA\tgEFA <http://www.linuxlinks.com/Software/Internet/News/> (óFàÌT Cg <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html#netnews>) 6.6. hCl[VXe( Domain Name System ) DNS T[oÍ(lªÇßé)¼Oð IP AhXÉ|ó·é̪dÅ·B DNS T[oÍ¢EÌ IP AhXSÍmèܹñªAmçÈ¢AhXðÊÌ T[oÖ·¯Ü·B DNS T[oÍAßçê½ IP AhX©Ae[u ɻ̼Oª© ½çȢƢ¤|[g©AÇ¿ç©ð[UÉԵܷB Unix(ÆC^[lbg̳|I½)ÅÍl[T[rXÍ named ÆÄÎê évOÅsíêÜ·B±êÍ The Internet Software Consortium Ì bind pbP[WÌêÅ·B o BIND <http://www.isc.org/> o DNS HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/DNS-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/DNS-HOWTO.html>) 6.7. DHCP A bootp DHCP Æ bootp ÍANCAgª(©ªÌ IP ÔÈÇÌ)lbg[Nîñ ðT[o©çàç¦évgRÅ·BÁÉåKÍlbg[NÆ©oC [Uð娩©¦½lbg[NÅÍAlbg[NǪÈPÉÈèÜ· ÌÅA½ÌgDűêðg¢nßĢܷB ÖA·éhL g o DHCP mini-HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/DHCP/index.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/DHCP.html>) 6.8. NIS Network Information Service ( NIS )Ílbg[NãÌîñðT·PÈ T[rXÅAf[^x[XÆvZXÅ\¬³êÜ·Blbg[NSÌÅ mÁĨ׫îñðlbg[NãÌS}VÉñ·é̪ NIS ÌÚI Å·Bá¦ÎA NIS ðç¹Ä¢élbg[NÅÍÇÒªlbg[N Ì}VSÉpX[hGgðÇÁµÄ¨KvªÈÈèÜ·B CÌf[^x[XÉpX[hGgðu¾¯ÅCÓÌ}VÉOC Å«Ü·B ÖA·é HOWTO o NIS HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NIS-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NIS-HOWTO.html>) 6.9. FØ ( Authentication ) @íª¬Ýµ½lbg[NÅ[UÌFØðs¤û@àeí èÜ·B o Linux/Windows NT pÅÍF http://www.mindware.com.au/ftp/smb-NT- verify.1.1.tar.gz <http://www.mindware.com.au/ftp/smb-NT- verify.1.1.tar.gz> o Unix ãÅ_îÈFتūé PAM ( pluggable authentication module ) F PAM library <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/index.html> o ÅãÉ LDAP in Linux <http://www.umich.edu/~dirsvcs/ldap/index.html> 7. AvP[VÌ[gÀs Unix ÅêÔÑÁè·é@\(ÅAVK[UªÙÆñÇmçÈ¢àÌ)ÍA AvP[VÌ[gÀsƪUÀsÌT|[gªf°çµ[ÀµÄ ¢é±ÆÅ·B 7.1. Telnet Telnet ÍA[gÌRs [^ð[UªÀÛÉ»ÌTCgÉ¢é©Ì æ¤Ég¦évOÅ·BTelnet Í{Ì[gÇªÅ«Ü·Ì ÅAÅàÍÈ Unix pÌc[ÌÐÆÂÅ·B Telnet Í[Ṳ©çà ÖÈvOÅ·BC^[lbgãÌDZ©çÅàSÌ©ªÌt@C ÆvOÉANZXÅ«Ü·B X T[oÆgÝí¹éÆ(xÔÍ ÊƵÄ) R\[ÌOÉ¢éÌÆn ̽Τ©çg¤ÌÆᢪ èÜ ¹ñB Telnet Ìf[ÆNCAgÍÙÆñÇÌfBXgr [V ÉüÁĢܷB û³ê½[gÌVFÌZbVð SSH (http://www.ssh.fi/sshprotocols2/index.html <http://www.ssh.fi/sshprotocols2/index.html> ) ðgÁÄÅ«Ü·ÌÅA ÀSÈ[gÇðø¦IÉs¦Ü·B o Telnet ÖA\tgEFA <http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/telnet/> 7.2. [gR}h Unix AÁÉ Linux ÅÍAVFÌvvgżÌRs [^ÆÎbÅ« é[gR}hª èÜ·Bá¦ÎA rlogin Í Telnet Ư¶[ gÌ}VÉOCÅ«Ü·µA rcp Í}VÔÅ[gÉt@C] Å«éÈÇÅ·BÅãÉA[gVFR}hÌ rsh ÍA[gÌ }VÉÀÛÉOCµÈ¢Å»Ì}VãÅR}hðÀsÅ«Ü·B 7.3. X EBhEVXe X Window System Í 1980 Nãã¼É MIT ÅJ³êA·®É Unix O tBbNX[NXe[VpÌÆEWÌEBhEVXeÉÈèܵ ½B±Ì\tgEFAÍt[ÉüèÂ\ÅAñíÉZʪ«ALÍÍÌn [hEFAvbgtH[Åg¦Ü·B X Window System ÍSÄ X T[o Æ(ÐÆÂÈãÌ) X NCAgÅ\¬³êĨèA±ÌñÂÍá¤àÌÅ ·BT[oÆNCAgÌá¢ðF¯·éÌÍdvÅ·BT[oÍfBXv [ð¼ÚRg[·éàÌÅAL[{[hA}EXAfBXv[ÈÇ üoÍÌSÓCð¿Ü·B»ÌêûÅNCAgͼÚæÊÖÍANZX µÜ¹ñBNCAgÍT[oÆÊMµÄAT[oªSÄÌüoÍðµ¢Ü ·BAvP[Vðç¹éÈǽ©``ÀÛÌ'' Rs [^ƵÄÌ dÍNCAgªµÜ·BNCAgÍAT[oÉEBhEðÐÆ ÈãI[v³¹A»ÌNCAgÌ×ÌüoÍðµ¤dðT[oɳ¹ Ü·B ÈPɾ¤ÆA[Uª[gÌ}VÖOCµAá¦Î Web uE UÌI[vÈÇÌvZXðÀsµA»ÌÊð[U©gÌ}VãÉ\ ¦³¹éA±êð X Window System ÅÂ\Å·B±ÌvZXÍÀÛÉÍT [oÅÀs³êÄ¢éÌÅANCAgÅÍɬ³È CPU p[µ©K vƵܹñBÀÛÉÉ X ÌT[oÆÈéÌðî{ÚIƵ½Rs [^ª èA±êÍ X [ÆÄÎêÜ·B Linux pÉ X Window System ðÚAµ½t[Åͱ±Å©Â©èÜ·F Xfree <http://www.xfree86.org/>B±êÍÙÆñÇÌ Linux ÌfBXg r [VÉüÁĢܷB ÖA·é HOWTO o Remote X Apps HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Remote- X-Apps.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Remote- X-Apps.html>) 7.4. VNC VNC ͼzlbg[NRs [eBO( Virtual Network Computing )̱ÆÅ·BÈPɾ¤ÆAÁÄ¢é}V¾¯ÅÍÈÄC^[lb gãÌDZ©çÅàALÍÍÌ}VA[LeN`©çÅàARs [ eBOÌ``fXNgbv''«ð©çêéæ¤É·é̪ VNC Å·B VNC ÌNCAgÆT[oÍ Linux pà¼ÌvbgtH[pàêt èÜ ·B Windows NT © 95 ãÅ MS-Word ðÀsµÄA»ÌoÍð Linux }V Å\¦Å«Ü·B»ÌtàÅ«Ü·B Linux }VÅAvP[VðÀ sµÄ¨¢ÄA»ÌoÍðÊÌ Linux â Windows }VÅ\¦Å«Ü·B Java ÌNCAgà èÜ·ÌÅA Web uEUàÅ[gfBXv [ªèÜ·BÅãÉA SVGAlib ÌOtBbNXCuðgÁÄ Linux ÖÚAµ½àÌðg¦ÎA 386s ÅÍ© 4Mb Ì RAM Ì}Vð®SÉ ® X [ÉÅ«Ü·B o VNC Ì Web TCg <http://www.orl.co.uk/vnc/> 8. lbg[NÝÚ± Linux ÉÍLxÈlbg[LO@\ª èÜ·B Linux {bNXð[ ^AubWÈÇÉÅ«Ü·B»Ì¢Â©ð±ê©çq×Ü·B 8.1. [^ (Router) Linux ÍJ[lÉ[eBO@\ÌT|[gðgÝßÜ·B¤pÌ[ ^̽ªÌê©ÌRXgÅ Linux {bNXð IP Æ© IPX Ì[^ÉÅ«Ü ·BÅßÌJ[lÅÍ}VðåÉ[^ƵÄg¤×ÌÁÊÈIvV ª èÜ·B o }`LXg( Multicasting )B Linux }VðAèæAhX𢠩 IP pPbgÌ[^ÉÅ«Ü·B±êÍ MBONE ÅKvÉÈé àÌÅ·B MBONE ÆÍC^[lbg̸_É éL¢ÑæÌlbg [NÅAI[fBIÆrfIÌúð^ÔàÌÅ·B o IP |V[[eBO(IP policy routing)B[^ÍÊAóMµ½ pPbgÌÅIIÈèæAhX¾¯ð©Ä½ð·é©ðßÜ·Bµ ©µAè³AhXÆpPbgªüÁÄélbg[NfoCXªÇ ê©ðl¶µ½[eBOàÅ«Ü·B tbs[1ÅxáÈÒ·é Linux [^ðìéÌðÚWÌÐÆ ɵ½ÖAvWFNgª¢Â© èÜ·B o Linux router project <http://www.linuxrouter.org> 8.2. ubW (Bridge) Linux ÌJ[lÉC[TlbgÌubW@\ðgÝßÜ·BC[Tlb gÌubWÆÍAC[TlbgÌÊXÌZOgðÜÆßÄAÐÆÂÌC [TlbgÌæ¤É©¹éàÌÅ·B¢Â©ÌubWðêÉgÁÄA IEEE802.1 ÌXpjOc[ASYðp¢½C[TlbgÅ\å« Èlbg[NªìêÜ·B±êÍWÅ·©çA Linux ÌubWÍÊÌ T[hp[eB[ÌubW»iÆÝڱūܷBpbP[WðÇÁ·ê ÎA IP Æ© IPX â MAC AhXÉæétB^OàÅ«Ü·B ÖA·é HOWTO o Bridge+Firewall <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Bridge+Firewall.html> o Bridge <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/Bridge.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Bridge.html>) 8.3. IP }XJ[h( IP Masquerade ) IP }XJ[hÍ Linux ÅJÌlbg[N@\Å·B IP }XJ[ hðLøɵ½ Linux ÌzXgðC^[lbgÉÚ±µÄ¢éƵܷB »ÌA»ÌzXgÉÚ±µÄ¢é(¯¶ LAN ÅàAfoRÌÚ±Å੠ܢܹñ) Rs [^àAö®ÉèÄçê½ IP AhXðÁÄÈ ÄàAC^[lbgÉÂÈ°çêÜ·BfÚ±Ðƾ¯ðgÁÄå ¨ªC^[lbgÉANZXÅ«Ü·©çARXgí¸ÉàÈèÜ·µAZ L eBåÉàð§¿Ü·(ö®ÉèÄçêĢȢAhXÉÍ lbg[NÌO©çANZXūܹñÌÅA±ÌzXgÍt@CAEH[ Ìððʽ¹Ü·)B IP }XJ[hÖAÌy[WÆhL g o http://ipmasq.home.ml.org/ <http://ipmasq.home.ml.org/> o http://www.indyramp.com/masq/links.pfhtml <http://www.indyramp.com/masq/links.pfhtml> o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/IP-Masquerade-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/IP-Masquerade-HOWTO.html> (óF aó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/IP-Masquerade.html>) 8.4. IP AJEeBO (IP Accounting) Linux ÌJ[ḻÌIvVÍA IP lbg[NÌgtBbNÌL ^ðÆèApPbgÌMOÆvÌ쬷éàÌÅ·BêAÌ[ðè `Å«ÄAp^[Éêv·éÁèÌpPbgÌÉJE^ðÁ³¹éÆ ©Aóü^Û·éÈǪūܷB 8.5. IP GCAX (IP aliasing) Linux ÌJ[lÌ IP GCAX@\ÍAÐÆÂÌáxlbg[Nf oCXhCoãÉ¡Ìlbg[NAhXðÝèÅ«éæ¤ÉµÜ· (á¦ÎÐÆÂÌC[TlbgJ[hÉñÂÌ IP AhXÈÇ)Bægíê éÌÍA®æµÄ¢éAhXÉæÁÄððáí¹éæ¤ÈT[rX(ᦠÎ``}`zXg'' A``¼zhC''A``¼zzXgT[rX'')Å·B ÖA·é HOWTO o IP Aliasing HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/IP- Alias.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/IP- Alias.html>) 8.6. gtBbNVFCsO (Traffic Shaping) gtBbNVFCp[ÆͼzIÈlbg[NfoCXÅAà¤ÐÆÂÌ lbg[NfoCX©çoÄsf[^̬xð§ÀÅ«éàÌÅ·B ISP ÈÇÅeNCAgªg¤ÑæÌÊð§·é|V[ðÀ»·éÌÉÁ Éð§¿Ü·B( Web T[rXêpÅ·ª)NCAg©çÌ IP Ú±Æ ©gpÑæð§À·é Apache ÌW [àg¦éŵå¤B o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.15 <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.15> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.15>) 8.7. t@CAEH[ (FireWall) t@CAEH[ÆÍAö¤ª(C^[lbgSÌ)©çvCx[glb g[NðÛì·éfoCXÅ·Bt@CAEH[ÍepPbgÌÉüÁ Ä¢éè³AèæA|[gApPbg^CvÌîñðgÁÄApPbgÌ ¬êðRg[·éàÌÅ·B Linux ÉͽlÈt@CAEH[Ìc[Lbgª èÜ·µAJ[lÉ gÝÝÌT|[gà èÜ·BܽÊÌt@CAEH[ª TIS Æ SOCKS Å·B±êçÌc[LbgÍÉßÄ®¬xªA¼Ìc[ÆgÝí¹ Äg¦ÎASÄÌíÞÌgtBbNÆvgRÌÂÇ^_CNV ªÅ«Ü·BRtBO[Vt@CÆ© GUI vOðgÁÄÝ èµÄA¡ÌÙÈé|V[ðÀ»Å«Ü·B o TIS home page <http://www.tis.com> o SOCKS <http://www.socks.nec.com/socksfaq.html> o Firewall HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Firewall- HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs//Firewall-HOWTO.html>) 8.8. |[gtH[fBO (Port forwarding) CGI-bin Æ© Java AvbgðgÁÄf[^x[X»Ì¼ÌT[rXÖAN ZX³¹ÄÎbIÉ·é Web TCgª¦Ä¢Ü·B±ÌANZXÍZL eBâèðN±µª¿Å·©çAf[^x[XðÂ}VÍC^[lb gÖ¼ÚÚ±³¹é׫ÅÍ èܹñB |[gtH[fBOűÌANZXâèÖÌÙÆñÇzIÈðôðñ Å«Ü·Bt@CAEH[ãÅÁèÌ|[gÔÉüÁÄépPbgª «·¦çêÄAÀÛÌT[rXðs¤àT[oÉtH[h³¹çêÜ ·BàT[o©çÌpPbgÍ«·¦çêÄ»Ìt@CAEH[© çoépPbgÉ©¦Ü·B |[gtH[fBOÌîñÍ ±± <http://www.ox.compsoc.net/~steve/portforwarding.html> ũ©èÜ ·B 8.9. [hoVO (Load Balancing) f[^x[X^ Web T[oɽÌNCAgª¯ÉANZX·éê ÉÍAÊÍ×ÌoXðæéKvª èÜ·B¯¶T[oð¡u¢Ä תȢT[oÉNGXgð_CNg·é̪]ܵ¢Åµå¤B ±êð Network Address Translation techniques ( NAT ) ÅÀ»Å«Ü·B ±êÌTuZbgª IP }XJ[hÅ·Blbg[NÇÒÍAWebT[ rXÈÇÌAvP[VðÐÆÂÌT[oÅ·éãíèÉA¡ÌT [oÉÐÆÂÌ IP AhXð¤L³¹½¡T[oÌ_IÈWÜèÅu« ·¦Å«Ü·BüÁÄéÚ±ÍÁèÌÐÆÂÌT[oÉü¯ÄüèÜ·B» ÌT[oÍ[hoVOASYðg¢Ü·B»Ì¼zT[oÍü ÍÆoÍÌpPbgð«·¦ÄAT[oÍÐƾ¯Ìæ¤ÉNCAg É©¹©¯ÄA§ßIÉANZX³¹Ü·B Linux Ì IP-NAT Ìîñͱ± <http://www.csn.tu-chemnitz.de/HyperNews/get/linux-ip-nat.html>Å©Â ©èÜ·B 8.10. EQL (óF}`NÚ±) EQL Í Linux ÌJ[lɳêĢܷBDZ©ÌRs [^ÖV AÚ±ª2{ ÁÄ(ʱêÉÍ2{ÌdbüÆf2ªvèÜ·)A± êÉ SLIP © PPP (dbüÅC^[lbgÌgtBbNðM·évg R)ðgÁÄ¢éƵܵå¤B±ÌÉ EQL hCoðg¦Î{̬xÌ ÐÆÂÌÚ±Ìæ¤Ég¦Ü·BRÅ·ªA±êÍè¤ÅàT|[g³ê ĢȯêÎÈèܹñB o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.2 <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.2> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.2>) 8.11. vLVT[o (Proxy Server) vLVÆ¢¤pêÍuÊÌlÌ㎩ð·é±ÆvÅ·Blbg[N pꞤÆAvLVT[oÌRs [^Í¡ÌNCAgðãÅ «Ü·B HTTP ÌvLVÅÍÊÌ}V(}V A )©ç Web y[WÌN GXgðó¯Ü·B±ÌvLVÍNGXg³ê½y[WðQbgµÄÊ ð}V A ÉԵܷB±ÌvLVÍNGXg³ê½y[WÌLb V ðÄÜ·ÌÅAÊÌ}Vª¯¶y[WðñŽÈçLbV ÌRs[ðãíèÉԵܷB±êÅÑæ̹ðLøpÅ«Ü·µ Å«Ü·BY¨Å·ªANCAg}VªO¢EÖ¼ÚÚ±µÜ ¹ñ©çAàlbg[NðÀSÉ·éè@Ég¦Ü·B¤ÜÝè³ê½ vLVÍø¦ðüã³¹éƯÉAÇ¢t@CAEH[ÆàÈêÜ·B Linux p̢©ÌvLVT[oª èÜ·BÍâèÌIðÍ Apache ÌvLVW [Å·BàÁÆ®SÅæÈ HTTP vLVÌÀÍ SQUID Å·B o Apache <http://www.apache.org> (óFJAPACHE HTTP Server Project <http://japache.infoscience.co.jp/>) o Squid <http://squid.nlanr.net/> (óFSquid Frequently Asked Questions (Japanese) <http://cache.jp.apan.net/doc/Squid-FAQ- j.html>) 8.12. If}hÌ_CA (Diald on demand) If}hÌ_CAÌÚIÍA[Uª[gÌTCgÉíÚ±µÄ ¢éæ¤É©¹é±ÆÅ·BÊÍA»¡[¢(»¡[³ÍA[^vC IeB^p[~bV ÌZbgÅÊÍè`³êÜ·)pPbgªB· éêÉpPbgÌgtBbNðÄ·éf[ª¢ÄA»Ìf[ª [gÌæÖÚ±µÜ·BêèÔ»Ì`lªó¢Ä¢½çf[ª Ú±ðØèÜ·B o Diald HOWTO <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Diald-HOWTO.html> (ó FDial-on-demand ÌÝèû@(ú{ê) <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Dial-On-Demand.html>) 8.13. glO( tunnelling )ÆAoC IP ( mobile IP )A ¼z vCx[glbg[N( virtual private network ) Linux ÌJ[lÍvgRÌglO(JvZ»)ªÅ«Ü·B IP µ©Ê¹È¢NÅà IPX lbg[N¯mðڱūéæ¤ÉA IP ð îµ½ IPX ÌglOªÅ«Ü·Bܽ IP-IP glOàÅ«Ü ·A±êÍoC IP A}`LXgAA}` A³üðT|[g·éÉ ÍÌSÅ·B ( http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.8 <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.8> (óFa ó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.8>)ðQ Æ) oC IP ÍAC^[lbgÌoCm[hÖ IP f[^Oð§ ßIÉ[eBOÅ«ég£dlðè`µÄ¢Ü·BeoCm[hÍA C^[lbgÖÌ»ÝÌÚ±_ÉͳÖWÉ¢Â੪Ìz[AhXÅ Áè³êÜ·BoCm[hÍ©ªÌz[©ç£êÄ¢éÔÉ͡DZŠC^[lbgÖÚ±³êÄ¢é©Ìîñ( care-of address )àÁÄ¢Ü ·B±ÌvgRÍ»Ìîñðz[G[WFgÉo^µÜ·Bz[G [WFgÍf[^Oð care-of address ÖÌglðʶÄoC m[hÉü¯ÄMµÜ·B»ÌglÌ[ÉBµÄ©çef[^O ÍoCm[hÖzB³êÜ·B Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)ÍAÀSÈ virtual private network(VPN) ƵÄC^[lbgðpÂ\É·élbg[NZpÅ ·B PPTP Í Windows NT Server ÉgÝÜê½ Remote Access Services(RAS) T[oɳêĢܷB PPTP ÉæÁÄ[JÌ ISP ÖÌ_CACÅàAC^[lbgÖ̼ÚÚ±ÅàA[UÍ©ªÌf XNÉ¢éÌƯ¶©ªÌlbg[NÖANZXÅ«Ü·B PPTP ÍN [YÈvgRÅÅßZL eBªâèÉÈÁĢܷB±êÌãíèÉ Linux ðx[Xɵ½ãÖiðg¤æ¤¨©ßµÜ·A±¿çÍÓ[ ¢³êeXg³ê½I[vÈWÅ·©çB o Linux pÌ PPTP NCAgÌÀͱ± <http://www.pdos.lcs.mit.edu/~cananian/Projects/PPTP/>ÅüèÅ«Ü ·B o Linux ÅÌ PPTP É¢ÄÌîñͱ± <http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/people/chaffee/linux_pptp.html>ÅüèÅ« Ü·B oC IP o http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/MobileIP/mip.html <http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/MobileIP/mip.html> o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.12 <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.12> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/NET3-4-HOWTO-6.html#ss6.12>) ¼zvCx[glbg[NÖAÌhL g o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/VPN.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/VPN.html> o http://sites.inka.de/sites/bigred/devel/cipe.html <http://sites.inka.de/sites/bigred/devel/cipe.html> (ó Fhttp://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Cipe+Masq.html <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Cipe+Masq.html> ) 9. lbg[NÇ 9.1. lbg[NÇÌAvP[V lbg[NÇÆ[gÇÉÅ_ð í¹½c[ªÁöêt èÜ ·B»¡[¢[gÇvWFNgÍ linuxconf Æ webmin Å·B o Webmin <http://www.webmin.com/webmin/> o Linuxconf <http://www.solucorp.qc.ca/linuxconf/> »Ì¼Ìc[ÉÍlbg[NgtBbNªÍc[Albg[NZ L eBc[AÄc[AÝèc[ÈǪ èÜ·B±êçÌ½Ì c[ÌA[JCuÍ Metalab <http://www.metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/> ũ¯çêÜ ·B 9.2. SNMP SNMP ( Simple Network Management Protocol )ÍC^[lbgÌlbg [NÇT[rXpÌvgRÅ·B[^Æ©ubWAlbg[NJ [hAXCb`A»Ì¼ÌuÄÆÝèªÅ«Ü·B Linux pÉg¦é CuÆ©ANCAgAf[A SNMP ÉæéÄpvOªå ÊÉ èÜ·B SNMP Æ Linux \tgEFAðæèã°Ä¢éÇ¢y[Wª http://linas.org/linux/NMS.html <http://linas.org/linux/NMS.html> É èÜ·B 10. åéÆÌ Linux lbg[LO lbg[Nð 100% ߢÔpÂ\¾ÆÛØ·éJjYªKvÉÈé óµª èÜ·B±êÉÖA·éZpðȺÌßŢ©q×Ü·BÈºÌ ½Ì±ÆÍ http://linas.org/linux/index.html <http://linas.org/linux/index.html> Æ Linux High-Availability HOWTO <http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/linux-ha/High-Availability- HOWTO.html>ÌA Linas ÌDê½ Web TCgũ©èÜ·B 10.1. Âp«( High Availability ) IT VXeS̪ÐÆÂÌáQÅ®©ÈÈé±Æ(PêÌáQ_)ðð¯é ÉÍç·«ªp³êÜ·Blbg[NJ[hªê¾¯A SCSI fBXN ªÐƾ¯µ©È¢T[o[ÈçAPêÌáQ_ªñ é±ÆÉÈèÜ ·Bv¢ª¯È¢ÌáªN±ÁÄà[UÌdðèp±³¹ÄA[U ÉCé¹È¢æ¤É·é̪ÚIÅ·BÂp«\tgEFAÍXNvg Æc[ªZbgÉÈÁĨèAáQð©®ÄµoµAKØÈèÅÊí ^pÉA³¹AVXeÇÒÉÊm·éàÌÅ·B 10.2. RAID RAID AÀãªèÌfBXNÌç·Èñ( Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks )ÍA¢Â©ÌfBXNÉí½ÁÄîñðªU³¹éû@Å·Bg¤ ZpÍfBXNXgCsO ( disk striping )( RAID x0)Æ©A fBXN~[O( disk mirroring )( RAID x1)ÈÇÅ·B±êÉ æÁÄç·«ª¾çêAÇÝ«¼ûÌÒ¿ÔªÈÈèA©Â^Ü½Í ÑæªLÈèAn[hfBXNÌNbV ©ç³Å«éÂ\«ðß ½èµÜ·B RAID ÌÝèÌíÞÍ6íÞÈãªè`³êĢܷB Linux [Uªg¦é RAID Í\tgEFA RAID AOt¯ DASD {bNXARAID fBXNRg[Ì 3 ©çI×Ü·B o \tgEFA RAID BJ[lÌÉ éfBXN§ä(ubNfoC X)ÌvOÉæÁÄAÉ\tgEFA¾¯ÅeíÌ RAID x ðÀ»·éàÌÅ·B o Ot¯ DASD B DASD( Direct Access Storage Device )ÆÍ©ªÅd¹ð ÂƧµ½ ÅAn[hhCuðà ·éLrlbgÆV[Vð ¿A Linux ©çÍà¤ÐÆÂÌ SCSI foCXÌæ¤É©¦éàÌÅ ·B½Ì_Å DASD Í RAID VXeÌÅàæÈû@ðñµÜ·B o RAID fBXNRg[BfBXNRg[Í ISA/EISA/PCI oX É}ü³êéA_v^[J[hÅ·BÊÌfBXNRg[ÌJ[ hƯ¶J[h©çfBXNhCuÖP[uðt¯Ü·ªAÊÌ fBXNRg[ÆÍáÁÄ RAID Rg[Í»ÌJ[h©gÉ RAID ðÀµÄ¨èAeíÌ RAID xÌÀ»ÉKvÈ®ìðSÄJ[ hªs¢Ü·B ÖA·é HOWTO o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/DPT-Hardware-RAID.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/DPT-Hardware-RAID.html> (ó Faó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/DPT-Hardware-RAID.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Root-RAID-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Root-RAID-HOWTO.html> (óFaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/Root-RAID-HOWTO.html>) o http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Software-RAID-HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Software-RAID-HOWTO.html> (ó FThe Software RAID HOWTO (Jakob Å) Ìaó <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/The-Software-RAID-HOWTO.html>) linas.org ÅÌ RAID o http://linas.org/linux/raid.html <http://linas.org/linux/raid.html> 10.3. ç·lbg[LO IP AhXøp¬( IP Address Takeover (IPAT) )B±êÍAlbg[N A_v^J[hª±íê½ÉA¯êm[h©à¤ÐÆÂÊÌm[hÅ®¢Ä ¢élbg[NJ[hÉA»Ì IP AhXðø«pª¹éàÌÅ·B MAC AhXøp¬( MAC Address Takeover )B IP AhXøp¬ª¶µ ½ÍAlbg[NÌSm[hÅ©ªÌ ARP LbV ( IP AhXÆ MAC AhXÆÌÎ)ðµÁ©èXV³¹Ü·B XÉÚ×Í High-Availability HOWTO ð©Äº³¢: http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/linux-ha/High-Availability- HOWTO.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/linux-ha/High- Availability-HOWTO.html> 11. îñ¹ Linux ÅÌlbg[NãÌâèª ÁÄà»Ì¿âðÉdq[µÈ¢ ź³¢BÉÍ»êɦéÔª èܹñÌÅB»êæèà comp.os.linux.networking j [XO[v(±±ÍA http://www.dejanews.com <http://www.dejanews.com> ðʶÄANZXÅ« Ü·)Å¿âð|Xg·éûªA¯Äàç¦é`Xª éŵå¤B± ±É|Xg·éOÉÖA¶ðÇñŨ«Üµå¤B»ÌÉÍA±Ìj [ XÌA[JCuðõµÜ·BN©ª¯¶¿âðµÄ (»µÄN©ªñµ Ä)¢é±Æà é©çÅ·B|Xg·éÉÍA ȽªsÈÁ½±ÆÆG [bZ[Wð§ÄÄྵܵå¤B XÉîñð¾éê o Linux: http://www.linux.org <http://www.linux.org> (ó Fhttp://www.linux.or.jp <http://www.linux.or.jp>) o Linux Documentation Project: http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html <http://metalab.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html> (óFJFvWFNg) ( Linux Network Administrator Guide à²×ܵå¤) (óFaóÍAI C[EWpsu LINUX lbg[NÇv) o Freshmeat: ÅVÌ Linux \tgEFAÌ[X http://www.freshmeat.net <http://www.freshmeat.net> o Linux ÌN: http://www.linuxlinks.com/Networking/ <http://www.linuxlinks.com/Networking/> (óFú{êÌ Linux Ì lbg[NÖWN: http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html <http://www.linux.or.jp/link/network.html>) 12. ¶Ìüùð o 0.32 ÏXÌ Á½NðXVB±Ì¶ðDz×ADZðÏX·×« ©ð¦µÄê½ Konkiti <mailto:konkiti@lares.dti.ne.jp> É´Óµ Ü·B»µÄA»Ì¼ÌùɳøÉÈÁÄ¢½NðwEµÄê½ Anne <mailto:annabell@ixos.de> Æ Mathias <mailto:hessler@isdn4linux.de> Éà´ÓµÜ·B o 0.31 (1999N917ú) Linux router project ÌAhXÏX (John Ellis É´Ó)Æ PPTP Nðà¤ÐÆÂÇÁ (Benjamin Smith É´Ó ) o 0.30 (1999N46ú) CODA ÌßÇÁ (Brian Ristuccia <mailto:brianr@osiris.978.org> É´Ó) o 0.2-0.29 oOtBbNX :-) ({¶öÌÓ«QÆ) o 0.1 (1998N65ú) 13. Ó«ÆÆÓ {¶Í½ÌlXÌÆÑÉîâĢܷB Linux ª»ÝÅÇÌlbg [NIy[eBOVXeÌÐÆÂÉÈéÜűÌlXª¬·³¹½ÌÅ ·BSÄͱÌlX̨©°Å·BÒÍ©Èèw͵ÄA{¶ðVv Åà³mÉA®SÅà Üè·ÈçÈ¢æ¤ÉµÜµ½Bµ©µÈªçAÇ Ìæ¤ÈóµÅàÒÍÓCܹ͢ñB±±É¢Ä¢éîñÍF³ñ© gÌXNŲpº³¢B{¶Ö̦´Aù³ASÊIÈRgÍA ÒÖ²©RÉdq[µÄº³¢B»êÅ{¶ðüPµ½¢Æv¢Ü·B {hL gÌ«ÌüùÅÅÍ൩·êÎA radius A wget ÈÇÌ Web/ftp ð~[O·éc[AgtBbNAiCUA CORBA ÈÇ ðÚ¹é©àµêܹñB»Ì¼ÌbèÅàÒɳ¦Äàç¦ÎA»êªK Å êÎÚ¹é©àµêܹñBÒÖÌAæÍ daniel@rawbyte.com <mailto:daniel@rawbyte.com>Å·B ÅãÉA Finnbjorn av Teilgum <mailto:efat@kampsax.dtu.dk>A Cesar Kant <mailto:ckant@fazenda.gov.br>A Mathieu Arnold <mailto:arn@mygale.org> Æ Hisakuni Nogami <mailto:hisakuni@interlink.or.jp>A Phil Garcia <mailto:pgarcia@mail.execpc.com> ª±Ì HOWTO ðæ²×ÄRgµÄ ê½ÌÉ´Óµ½¢Æv¢Ü·BÞç̯ÍܱÆÉLèï¢àÌŵ ½B {¶Í±± http://www.rawbyte.com/lno/ <http://www.rawbyte.com/lno> ũ©èÜ·B Daniel Lopez Ridruejo 2000N78ú 14. ú{êóÉ墀 ±Ì¶Í ìã v (hisakuni@interlink.or.jp) ª|ó³ê½àÌð Konkiti (konkiti@lares.dti.ne.jp) ªLDPÌÅVÅÉí¹ÄXVµ½àÌ Å·B|óÉÖ·é²Ó©Í Konkiti ¶ÉAµÄ¾³¢B üùððȺɦµÜ·B v0.31j 2000N521ú |ó: ìã v (hisakuni@interlink.or.jp) v0.32j 2000N730ú XV: Konkiti (konkiti@lares.dti.ne.jp)