PPP HOWTO ¤¤Ä¶ª©
                                       
§@ªÌ: Robert Hart [1]hartr@interweft.com.au
ĶªÌ: [2]Asd L. Chen & [3]C.W.Huang

   v3.0, 31 March 1997. ½Ķ¤é´Á: 25 August - 9 October 1997
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   ³o¥÷¤å¥ó®i¥Ü¦p¦ó§â§Aªº Linux PC ³s±µ¨ì¤@¥x PPP ¦øªA¾¹¤W¡A¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î PPP
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   ªk¡D¥»¤å¦P®É´£¨ÑÀ°§U°»¿ùµLªk¥¿±`¹B§@ªº PPP ³sµ²¡D
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1. ²¤¶

     * 1.1 «È¤áºÝ¥H¤Î¦øªAºÝ
     * 1.2 ¤£¦P Linux ®M¥ó¶¡ªº®t²§
     * 1.3 ®M¥ó¬ÛÃöªº PPP °t¸m¤u¨ã
       
2. IP ¸¹½X

3. ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¥Øªº

     * 3.1 ³]¥ß PPP «È¤áºÝ
     * 3.2 ¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô©Î³sµ²¤@­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W
     * 3.3 ³]¥ß PPP ¦øªA¾¹
     * 3.4 ¨Ï¥Î PPP ©óª½±µÆl½u(direct null modem)³sµ²
     * 3.5 ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥Ø«e©|¥¼²[»\ªº...
       
4. ²[»\ªº³nÅ骩¥»

5. ¨ä¥¦¦³¥Îªº¡þ­«­nªº¤å¥ó

     * 5.1 ¦³¥Îªº Linux ¹q¤l¶l»¼¦Cªí
       
6. ±N PPP ³]©w¬°«È¤áºÝªº¤u§@·§­n

     * 6.1 ¨ú±o/¦w¸Ë³nÅé
     * 6.2 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß¥[¤J PPP ¤ä´©
     * 6.3 ±q§Aªº ISP ¨ú±o¸ê°T
     * 6.4 ³]©w§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð
     * 6.5 «Ø¥ß¦WºÙ¨ì¦ì§}¸ÑªR(DNS)
     * 6.6 PPP »P root Åv­­
     * 6.7 Àˬd§Aªº PPP ®M¥óÀɮפγ]©w PPP ¿ï¶µ
     * 6.8 ¦pªG§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ(Password Authentication
       Protocol)
     * 6.9 ¥H¤â°Ê¤è¦¡³s±µ¦Ü PPP ¦øªA¾¹
     * 6.10 ¨Ï§Aªº PPP ³sµ²¦Û°Ê¤Æ
     * 6.11 µ²§ô³sµ²
     * 6.12 ¦pªG§A¾D¹J°ÝÃD
     * 6.13 «Ø¥ß³sµ²¤§«á
     * 6.14 °ÊºA IP ³s±µ´£¨Ñ¼Ð·Ç IP ªA°Èªº°ÝÃD
       
7. °t¸m§Aªº Linux ®Ö¤ß

     * 7.1 ¦w¸Ë Linux ®Ö¤ß­ì©lµ{¦¡½X
     * 7.2 ¾é¸Ñ§AªºµwÅé
     * 7.3 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß ¡Ð Linux 1.2.13 ®Ö¤ß
     * 7.4 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß - Linux 1.3.x ¤Î 2.0.x ®Ö¤ß
     * 7.5 PPP-2.2 »P /proc/net/dev ªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ
     * 7.6 °t¸m®Ö¤ßªº¤@¯ë¦Ò¶q
       
8. ¨ú±o§A©Ò»Ýªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¸ê°T

9. ³]©w§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð

     * 9.1 ¦ê¦C°ð»P³t«×¬Û®e©Êªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ
     * 9.2 ¦ê¦C°ð¦WºÙ
     * 9.3 °t¸m§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷
     * 9.4 ¦ê¦C¬y¶q±±¨îª`·N¨Æ¶µ
     * 9.5 ´ú¸Õ§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº¼·¥X¥\¯à
       
10. «Ø¥ß¦WºÙ¨ì¦ì§}¸ÑªR(DNS)

     * 10.1 /etc/resolv.conf ÀÉ®×
     * 10.2 /etc/host.conf ÀÉ®×
       
11. ¨Ï¥Î PPP »P root Åv­­

12. ³]©w PPP ³s±µÀÉ®×

     * 12.1 ´À¥Nªº options.tpl ÀÉ®×
     * 12.2 §ÚÀ³¸Ó¨Ï¥Î¤°»ò¿ï¶µ? (µL PAP/CHAP)
       
13. ¦pªG§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ(Password Authentication Protocol)

     * 13.1 ¨Ï¥Î MSCHAP
     * 13.2 PAP/CHAP ±K½XÀÉ®×
     * 13.3 PAP ±K½XÀÉ
     * 13.4 CHAP ±K½XÀÉ
     * 13.5 ³B²z¦h­« PAP »{ÃÒ³s±µ
       
14. ¥H¤â°Ê¤è¦¡«Ø¥ß PPP ³sµ²

15. ¨Ï§Aªº³sµ²¦Û°Ê¤Æ - ³Ð³y³sµ²«ü¥O½Z

     * 15.1 ¥H¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡þ±K½X»{ÃÒªº«ü¥O½Z
     * 15.2 ppp-on «ü¥O½Z
     * 15.3 ½s¿è³o¸Ì©Ò´£¨Ñªº°_©l«ü¥O½Z
     * 15.4 ¤@¥÷ chat «ü¥O½Z¨ä¤¤ªº§t·N...
     * 15.5 ¨Ï¥Î©ó PAP/CHAP Åç»{³s½uªº chat «ü¥O½Z
     * 15.6 pppd ªº debug »P file option_file ¿ï¶µ
       
16. ´ú¸Õ§Aªº³s½u«ü¥O½Z

17. µ²§ô PPP ³sµ²

18. °»¿ù

     * 18.1 §Ú§â PPP ½sĶ¶i¥h¦ý¬O Linux »¡§Ú¨S¦³...
     * 18.2 §Úªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³s¤W¤F¦ý PPP ¨Ã¥¼±Ò°Ê
     * 18.3 ¨t²Î°O¿ý»¡ "serial line is not 8 bit clean..."
     * 18.4 ¤£¯à³]¥ß¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|
     * 18.5 ¨ä¥¦°ÝÃD
       
19. ·í§¹¥þ³´©ó½¦µÛ®É¦p¦ó¨ú±oÀ°§U

20. ³sµ²¹B§@¤§«áªº´¶¹M°ÝÃD

     * 20.1 §ÚµLªk¬Ý¨£§Ú³s½uªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥H¥~ªº¥@¬É
     * 20.2 §Ú¥i¥H±H°e¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡A¦ý¤£¯à±µ¦¬
     * 20.3 ¬°¤°»ò¤H­Ì¤£¯à¨Ó§Úªº¾÷¾¹ finger, WWW, gopher, talk µ¥µ¥?
       
21. ¥H°ÊºA IP ´£¨Ñºô»Úºô¸ôªA°È

     * 21.1 ³]©w¹q¤l¶l¥ó
     * 21.2 ³]©w¥»¦aªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹
       
22. ¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²¨â­Óºô¸ô

     * 22.1 ³]©w IP ¸¹½X
     * 22.2 ³]©w»¼°e¸ô®|
     * 22.3 ºô¸ô¦w¥þ
       
23. «Ø¥ß³sµ²¤§«á - /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z

     * 23.1 ¯S®í»¼°e¸ô®|
     * 23.2 ³B²z¹q¤l¶l¥ó¦î¦C
     * 23.3 ¤@­Ó /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Zªº¨Ò¤l
     * 23.4 ³B²z¹q¤l¶l¥ó
       
24. ¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/ip-down

25. °Ï°ìºô¸ô¤Wªº»¼°e°ÝÃD

     * 25.1 ¦w¥þ¤Wªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ
       
26. «Ø¥ß PPP ¦øªA¾¹

     * 26.1 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß
     * 26.2 ¦øªA¾¹¨t²Îªº·§Æ[
     * 26.3 ©Ò»Ýªº¥þ³¡³nÅé
     * 26.4 ³]©w¼Ð·Çªº¼·±µ(shell access)
     * 26.5 ³]¥ß PPP ¿ï¶µÀÉ®×
     * 26.6 ³]©w pppd ¥H«KÅý¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡]¦¨¥\¦a¡^°õ¦æ¥¦
     * 26.7 ¬° pppd ³]©w¤@­Ó¥þ°ìªº§O¦W(alias)
       
27. ¦b null modem (ª½±µ³s½u)¤W¨Ï¥Î PPP
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     * [4]Linux Howto Index
     * [5]PPP-HOWTO
       
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   ¤£Â_¦a¦³³\¦h¤H´£¨Ñ§Ú¼g§@¦¹¤å¥óªº¨ó§U¡D ¯S§O·PÁ Al Longyear ¹ï PPP ¥»¨­
   ªº«ü¾É(¦pªG³o¸Ì¦³¥ô¦ó¿ù»~¡A¨º¬O§Úªº¦Ó¤£¬O¥Lªº)¡A Greg Hankins(Linux
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   ªÌ¡A ©Ò¿n¤íµ¹¬°§Ú­Ì¼¶¼g»PºûÅ@³o­Ó§@·~¨t²Îªº¤Hªº¡D
   
1. ²¤¶

   PPP ¡]ÂI¹ïÂI¨ó©w¡^¬O¦b¦ê¦C³sµ²¤W¶] IP ¡]ºô»Úºô¸ô¨ó©w¡^¥H¤Î¨ä¥¦ºô¸ô¨ó©w
   ªº¤@ºØ¾÷¨î¡A ¦ê¦C³sµ²¥i¥H¬Oª½±µªº¦ê¦C³s±µ¡]¨Ï¥Î null-modem Æl½u¡^©Î¬O¨Ï
   ¥Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¥H¤Î¹q¸Ü½u¸ô©Ò³y¥Xªº³sµ² (·íµM¤]¥]¬A¦p ISDN ªº¼Æ¦ì½u¸ô)¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î PPP, §A¥i¥H§â§Aªº Linux PC ³s±µ¨ì¤@¥x PPP ¦øªA¾¹¤W¨Ã¦s¨ú¸Ó¦øªA¾¹©Ò
   ³s±µªººô¸ô¸ê·½¡]´X¥G¡^´N¦p¦P§A¬Oª½±µ³s±µ¦b¸Óºô¸ô¤W¤@¯ë¡D
   
   §A¤]¥i¥H§â§Aªº Linux PC ³]¬°¤@¥x PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡A³o¼Ë¤@¨Ó¨ä¥¦¹q¸£´N¥i¥H¼·¤J
   §Aªº¹q¸£¨Ã¥B¦s¨ú¦b§A°Ï°ìºô¸ô¸Ìªº¸ê·½¡D
   
   ¦]¬° PPP ¬O¤@ºØÂI¹ïÂI (peer-to-peer) ªº¨t²Î¡A¦]¦¹§A¤]¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¨â¥x
   Linux PC ¤Wªº PPP §âºô¸ô³sµ²¦b¤@°_¡]©Î¬O§â°Ï°ìºô¸ô³sµ²¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¡^¡D
   
   ³Ì¥D­nªº®t²§·íµM¬O³t«× ¡Ð ¼Ð·Çªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô³s½u¬O¥H 10 Mbps¡]¨C¬í¦Ê¸U¦ì¤¸
   ¡^³o­Ó²z½×¤Wªº³Ì¤j³e³q¶q¦b°Ê§@¡A ¦Ó¦b¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³o¤è­±³Ì¤j¬O¥H 56 kbps¡]¨C¬í
   ¤d¦ì¤¸¡^ªº³t«×¦b°Ê§@¡D
   
   ¦P®É¡A¨Ì¾Ú PPP ³s½uªº«¬ºA¡A¬Y¨ÇÀ³¥Î¥H¤ÎªA°È¦b¨Ï¥Î¤W¥i¯à·|¦³¨Ç­­¨î¡D
   
1.1 «È¤áºÝ¥H¤Î¦øªAºÝ

   PPP ¬O¤@ºØ§¹§¹¥þ¥þ¬OÂI¹ïÂIªº¨ó©w¡F¼·±µªº¾÷¾¹¥H¤Î±µ¨ü¼·±µªº¾÷¾¹¤§¶¡¡]¦b
   §Þ³N¤W¡^¨Ã¨S¦³®t²§¡D µM¦Ó¡A¬°¤F²M·¡©ú¥Õªº½t¬G¡A¥H¦øªAºÝ»P«È¤áºÝªº¤è¦¡¨Ó
   «ä¦Ò¬O«Ü¦³¥Îªº¡D
   
   ·í§A¼·¤J¤@­Ó¸`ÂI­n«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u®É¡A§A¬O«È¤áºÝ¡D§A©Ò³s½uªº¨º¥x¾÷¾¹¬O¦øªA
   ºÝ¡D
   
   ·í§A¦b³]©w¤@¥x Linux ¾÷¾¹¨Ï¨ä±µ¦¬¨Ã³B²z¼·¤Jªº PPP ³s½u®É¡A§A¥¿¦b³]¥ß¤@
   ¥x PPP ¦øªAºÝ¡D
   
   ¥ô¦ó Linux PC ³£¥i¥H¬O PPP ¦øªAºÝ¥H¤Î«È¤áºÝ ¡Ð ¬Æ¦Ü©ó¦pªG§A¦³¤@­Ó¥H¤Wªº
   ¦ê¦C°ð¡]¥H¤Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A¦pªG¦³¥²­n¡^ªº¸ÜÁÙ¥i¥H¦P®É§êºt³o¨âºØ¨¤¦â¡D ¦p¦P«e­±
   ©Ò»¡ªº¡A´N PPP ¦Ó¨¥¡A¤@¥¹³s½u«Ø¥ß¨º»ò«È¤áºÝ»P¦øªAºÝ¤§¶¡¨Ã¤£¯uªº¦³¤°»ò®t
   ²§¡D
   
   ¬°¤F²M·¡©ú¥ÕªºÃö«Y¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó§â±Ò©l©I¥s¡]§Y "¼·¤J"¡^ªº¨º¥x¾÷¾¹ºÙ§@«È¤áºÝ
   ¡A ¦Ó§â¦^À³¹q¸Ü¡A®Ö¹ï¼·¤J½Ð¨D¤§Åç»{¡]§Q¥Î¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥N¸¹¡A±K½X¥H¤Î¨ä¥¦¥i¯àªº
   ¾÷¨î¡^ªº¨º¥x¾÷¾¹ºÙ§@¦øªAºÝ¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î PPP °µ¬°«È¤áºÝ§â¬Y­Ó¦a¤èªº¤@¥x©Î¦h¥x¾÷¾¹³sµ²¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥i¯à¬O¤j³¡
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   ¦b³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤¤©Ò´y­zªºµ{§Ç±N·|Åý§A¯à°÷«Ø¥ß¨Ã¦Û°Ê¤Æ§Aªººô»Úºô¸ô³s½u¡D
   
   ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤]±N¦b§â§Aªº Linux PC ³]¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î PPP ¨Ó³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï
   °ìºô¸ô¡]¦³§¹¾ãªº»¼°e³]©w¡^³o¨Ç¤è­±µ¹§A«ü¤Þ¡]³o±`±`³QºÙ§@«Ø¥ß¼s°ìºô¸ô³s
   µ²¡^¡D
   
1.2 ¤£¦P Linux ®M¥ó¶¡ªº®t²§

   ¦³³o¦h¤£¦Pªº Linux ®M¥ó¡A¥L­Ì¦³¦Û¤vªº¯S½è»P¦æ¬°¼Ò¦¡¡D
   
   ¯S§O¦a¡ALinux (¥H¤Î Unix)¹q¸£¦³¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº°_©l¤è¦¡¡A¬É­±³]©wµ¥µ¥¡D
   
   ³o¨âºØ¤À§O¬O BSD system initialisation »P System V system
   initialisation¡D ¦pªG§A¶i¤J¬Y¨Ç Unix ªº·s»D°Q½×¸s¡A§A·|µo²{¸g±`¦³Âù¤è¤ä
   «ùªÌªº¾Ôª§¡D ¦pªG§Aı±o¦³½ì¡A´N¥[¤J³o­Ó®ö¶Oºô¸ôÀW¼eªº¦æ¦C!
   
   ³Ì´¶¹M¨Ï¥Îªº®M¥ó¥i¯à¬O
   
     * Slackware
       ¨Ï¥Î BSD §Î¦¡ªº¨t²Î°_©l
     * Red Hat (and its former associate Caldera)
       ¨Ï¥Î SysV ¨t²Î°_©l(¦³¨Ç³\ªº­×§ï)
     * Debian
       ¨Ï¥Î SysV ¨t²Î°_©l
       
   BSD §Î¦¡ªº¨t²Î°_©l³q±`±N¥¦ªº±Ò°ÊÀɮשñ¦b /etc/...¡A³o¨ÇÀɮ׬O:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
        /etc/rc
        /etc/rc.local
        /etc/rc.serial
                (¤]¥i¯à¦³¨ä¥¦ÀÉ®×)
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³Ìªñ¡A¤@¨Ç BSD ¨t²Îªº°_©l¼Ò¦¡±N¨Ï¥Î /etc/rc.d... °µ¬°±Ò°ÊÀɮתº¦s©ñ¥Ø¿ý
   ¡A¦Ó¤£¬O±N©Ò¦³ªºªF¦è³£¥á¨ì /etc ¤U¡D
   
   System V °_©l¼Ò¦¡±N±Ò°ÊÀɮצs©ñ¦b /etc/... ©Î /etc/rc.d/... ¤Î¨ä¤Uªº¤@
   °ï¤l¥Ø¿ý¤¤:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 init.d
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         1776 Feb  9 05:01 rc
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root          820 Jan  2  1996 rc.local
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         2567 Jul  5 20:30 rc.sysinit
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 rc0.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 rc1.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 rc2.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul 18 18:07 rc3.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 May 27  1995 rc4.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 rc5.d
drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Jul  6 15:12 rc6.d
     _________________________________________________________________
   
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   ³o¨ÇÀɮ׸̧ä¥X°t¸m«ü¥Oªº©Ò¦b¡D
   
1.3 ®M¥ó¬ÛÃöªº PPP °t¸m¤u¨ã

   ¦b¬Y¨Ç¦w¸Ë®M¥ó(¦p Red Hat »P Caldera)¡A¦³¤@­Ó¥H X window ³]©wªº PPP ¼·
   ±µ¨t²Î¡D ³o¥÷ HOWTO ¨Ã¥¼¥]§t³oºØ»P³Ì¥ó¬ÛÃöªº¤u¨ã¡D¦pªG§A¦b¨Ï¥Î¤W¦³°ÝÃD
   ¡Aª½±µ©M®M¥óªºµo¦æ¤H¸ß°Ý¡D
   
   ¹ï©ó Red Hat 4.x ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¥i¥H¦b Linux ªº¸ê·½°Ï§ä¨ì [7]Red Hat
   PPP-TIP¡A ¤]¥i¦b¤ä´©°Ï§ä¨ì [8]Red Hat Software¡D
   
2. IP ¸¹½X

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   ¨C­Ó°ê®aªº¦³Ãö³æ¦ì¶°¤¤«ü©wªº¡D
   
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   ¶}©l¤zÂZ¨ä¥¦¤w¸g¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó IP ªº¹q¸£ªº¸Ü¡A³ÌÁV®É¤£¶È¤£·|°Ê¡AÁÙ±N·|¤Þ°_¥þ
   Åé©Êªº¤j¯}Ãa¡D
   
   ½Ðª`·N¦b³o¾ã¥÷¤å¥ó¸Ì©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹½X¡]¦³¤@¨Ç­Ó¨Ò¥~¡^³£¬O±q«O¯dµ¹¨S¦³¡]
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   ¦³¤@¨Ç¯S§O¯dµ¹¤£³s±µºô»Úºô¸ôªººô¸ô¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹½X¡D³o¨Ç IP ¸¹½X¨Ì§Ç¬O:
   
     * 1 ­Ó A-µ¥¯Å ªº¦ì§}
       10.0.0.0 (netmask 255.0.0.0)
     * 16 ­Ó B-µ¥¯Å ªº¦ì§}
       172.16.0.0 - 172.31.0.0 (netmask 255.255.0.0)
     * 256 ­Ó C-µ¥¯Å ªº¦ì§}
       192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.0 (netmask 255.255.255.0)
       
   ¦pªG§Aªººô¸ôÁÙ¨S±q§A°ê®aªºÅv³d³æ¦ì¤À°t¨ì IP ¸¹½X¡A¨º»ò§Aªº¾÷¾¹À³¸Ó¨Ï¥Î
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   IP ¸¹½X¬O¤À°tµ¹ºô¸ô¬É­±¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¹q¸£¥»¨­ªº¡D ¦]¦¹ÁöµM§Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¬É­±¨Ï
   ¥Î 10.0.0.1 (¨Ò¦p)¡A·í§A¥H PPP ³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô®É¡A§Aªº PPP ¬É­±±N¥Ñ¦øªA¾¹
   ¤À°tµ¹¥t¤@­Ó(¦Xªkªº) IP ¸¹½X¡D §Aªº PC ±N¦³ºô»Úºô¸ôªº³s±µ¯à¤O¡A¦ý¨ä¥¦°Ï
   °ìºô¸ô¤ºªº¹q¸£«h¨S¦³¡D
   
   ¤£¹L¡A¨Ï¥Î Linux ¥H¤Î ipfwadm ³nÅ骺 IP °°¸Ë¯à¤O(¤]¥s°µ NAT - Network
   address Translation ºô¸ô¦ì¸mÂà´«)¡A §A´N¥i¥H§â§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W¤£¨ã¦Xªk
   IP ¸¹½Xªº¾÷¾¹³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô¡]´£¨ÑªºªA°È·|¦³¨Ç­­¨î¡^¡D
   
   ·Q±o¨ì§ó¦h¸ê°T½Ð°Ñ¦Ò [9]Linux IP Masquerade mini HOWTO¡D
   
   ¹ï©ó¤j³¡¤Àªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¸g¥Ñ PPP ³s±µ³æ¤@¾÷¾¹¨ìºô»Úºô¸ôªA°È´£¨ÑªÌ(Internet
   Service Providers: ISP)¡A ¨ú±o¤@­Ó IP ¸¹½X¡]©Î§ó¥¿½Tªº»¡¡A¤@­Óºô¸ô¸¹½X
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   ¥H±q¥L­Ì¤w¦³ªº IP ¦ì§}ªÅ¶¡¤¤´£¨Ñµ¹§A¤@­Ó¦¸ºô¸ô¡]¯S©wªº¤@¬q IP ¸¹½X¡^¡D
   ©ÎªÌ¡A¨Ï¥Î IP °°¸Ë¯à¤O¡D¡@
   
   ¹ï©ó¸g¥Ñ ISP ³s±µ³æ¤@ PC ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤Wªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¤j³¡¤Àªº´£¨ÑªÌ¨Ï¥Î°ÊºAªº
   IP «ü©w¡D ³o¬O»¡¡A³s½uµ{§Çªº¤@³¡¥÷¤¤¡A§A©ÒÁpôªº PPP ªA°È±N·|§i¶D§Aªº¾÷
   ¾¹³o¦¸³s½uªº´Á¶¡¸Ì¸Ó PPP ¬É­±À³¸Ó¨Ï¥Î¤°»ò IP ¸¹½X¡D ¨C¦¸§A³s¤W ISP ©Ò±o
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   ¨Ï¥Î°ÊºAªº IP ¸¹½X¡A§A¨C¦¸ªº³s½u¤£·|³£¨ú±o¬Û¦Pªº IP ¸¹½X¡D ³o¹ï¦b§A
   Linux ¾÷¾¹¤Wªº¦øªA«¬ºAÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¹³¬O sendmail, ftpd, httpd ¥H¤Î½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªº
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   ¨ú¥Î¡D
   
   ¥Ñ©ó°ÊºAªº IP ¸¹½X«ü©w¦Ó¦³©Ò­­¨îªºªA°È¡]¥H¤Î¸Ñ¨Mªº¤èªk¡A¥i¯àªº¸Ü¡^µy«á
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3. ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¥Øªº

3.1 ³]¥ß PPP «È¤áºÝ

   ³o¥÷¤å¥ó´£¨Ñ·Q­n¨Ï¥Î Linux ¥H¤Î PPP ¼·±µ¨ì¬Y¤@¥x PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥Î
   PPP ³]¥ß IP ³s½uªº¤H­Ì¤@¨Ç«ü¤Þ¡D ¤å¥ó¤¤°²³] PPP ¤w¸g½sĶ¦n¨Ã¥B¦w¸Ë¦b§A
   ªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¤W(¦ý²µu¦a²[»\­«·s°t¸m¡þ­«·s½sĶ§Aªº®Ö¤ß¥H«K¥]§t PPP ¤ä´©
   ªº³¡¥÷)¡D
   
   ÁöµM DIP¡]«Ø¥ß SLIP ³s½uªº¼Ð·Ç¤è¦¡¡^¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó³Ð³y PPP ³s½u¡A¦ý DIP «ü¥O
   ½Z¤@¯ë³£¬Û·í¦a½ÆÂø¡D ¦]¬°³o­Ó½t¬G¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó¨Ã¤£²[»\¨Ï¥Î DIP ¨Ó«Ø¥ß PPP
   ³s½uªº³¡¥÷¡D
   
   ¨ú¦Ó¥N¤§ªº¬O¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó´y­z¼Ð·Çªº Linux PPP ³nÅé(chat/pppd)¡D
   
3.2 ¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô©Î³sµ²¤@­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W

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   ¡^¸ê°T¡D
   
3.3 ³]¥ß PPP ¦øªA¾¹

   ³o¥÷¤å¥ó´£¨Ñ¦p¦ó°t¸m§Aªº Linux PC °µ¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº«ü¤Þ¡]¤¹³\¨ä¥L¤H¼·±µ
   ¨ì§Aªº Linux PC ¨Ã¥B«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u¡^¡D
   
   §AÀ³¸Óª`·Nªº¬O³]©w Linux §@¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº¤èªk¦³µL¼ÆºØ¡D³o¥÷¤å¥ó¡]¥Ø«e
   ¡^µ¹§A¤@ºØ¤è¦¡ ¡Ð §@ªÌ¥Î¨Ó¥¦³]¥ß¤@¥x¤p«¬ PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡]¦@¦³ 16 ¥x¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡^
   ¡D
   
   ³o­Ó¤è¦¡¤wª¾¹B§@¨}¦n¡D¤£¹L¡A¥¦¤£¤@©w¬O³Ì¦nªº¤è¦¡¡D
   
3.4 ¨Ï¥Î PPP ©óª½±µÆl½u(direct null modem)³sµ²

   ¥»¤å¥ó´£¨Ñ¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²©ó¨â³¡ Linux PCs ©ó null modem Æl½uªºÂ²µu´y­z¡D
   ¥H¦¹ªk³sµ²¨ä¥¦§@·~¨t²Î©ó Linux ¤]¬O¥i¯àªº¡D ¦pªG­n³o¼Ë°µ¡A§A¥²¶·°Ñ¦Ò§A
   ­n³sµ²ªº§@·~¨t²Îªº¤å¥ó¡D
   
3.5 ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥Ø«e©|¥¼²[»\ªº...

     * ½sĶ PPP ³nÅé
       °Ñ¨£ÀHªþ§A¨Ï¥Îªº pppd ª©¥»¦Ó¨Óªº¤å¥ó¡D
     * ³s±µ¥H¤Î°t¸m¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨ì Linux ¤W(²Ó¸`)
       ½Ð°Ñ¾\ Serial-HOWTO¡A¥H¤Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¬ÛÃöªº°_©l³]©w¡A°Ñ¾\ [10]Modem
       Setup Information ¸Ìªº¸ê°T¥i¯à¹ï§A³]©w¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦³©ÒÀ°§U¡D
     * ¨Ï¥Î DIP ³Ð³y PPP ³s½u
       ¨Ï¥Î chat ¨ú¥N...
     * ¨Ï¥Î socks ©Î¬O IP Masquerade
       ¤w¸g¦³²[»\³o¨â­Ó®M¥óªºµ´¨Î¤å¥ó¡D
     * ¨Ï¥Î diald ¥H«Ø¥ß¦Û°Ê³s½u
       ½Ð°Ñ¾\ diald ¤å¥ó¸Ìªº¸ê°T¡D
     * ¨Ï¥Î EQL ±N¨â³¡¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦X¦¨³æ¤@ PPP ³sµ²¡D
     * »P®M¥ó¬ÛÃöªº PPP ³s½u¤èªk(¨Ò¦p Red Hat 4.x ºô¸ô³]©w¤u¨ã)
       ½Ð°Ñ¾\¸Ó®M¥ó¤¤ªº¤å¥ó¡D
     * ¤£Â_¼W¥[ªº¦Û°Ê«Ø¥ß PPP ¤u¨ã
       ½Ð°Ñ¾\¾A·íªº¤å¥ó¡D
       
4. ²[»\ªº³nÅ骩¥»

   ³o¥÷¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú°²³]§A¨Ï¥Î Linux 1.2.x ®Ö¤ß°t¦X PPP 2.1.2 ³nÅé©Î Linux
   1.3.X/2.0.x ¥H¤Î PPP 2.2 ª©¡D
   
   ¦b¥»¤å¥ó¼¶¼g¤§®É¡ALinux ªº PPP ³nÅé³Ì·s¥¿¦¡ª©¥»¬O ppp-2.2f¡D ³Ì·sªºª©
   ¥»(ppp-2.3)ÁÙ¦b beta ¶¥¬q¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î PPP 2.2.0 °t¦X®Ö¤ß 1.2.13 ¬O¦³¥i¯àªº¡DµM¦Ó¡A­n³o¼Ë°µ»Ý­n®Ö¤ß­×¸É¡D
   «Øij®Ö¤ß 1.2.13 ª©¥»ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤É¯Å¨ì ppp-2.2 ¦]¬°¥¦¥]§t¤F³\¦h¿ù»~­×¥¿¤Î¥\
   ¯à¥[±j¡D
   
   ÁÙ¦³¡A§AÀ³¯S§Oª`·N¤£¯à±N PPP 2.1.2 »P Linux ®Ö¤ß 2.0.X ¦X¥Î¡D
   
   ½Ðª`·N³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤£¥]¬A¨Ï¥Î Linux ®Ö¤ß 2.0.x ªº¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ©Ò¤Þ°_ªº°ÝÃD¡D ½Ð
   °Ñ¾\ kerneld mini-HOWTO ¥H¤Î®Ö¤ß¡þ¼Ò²Õ 2.0.x ªº¤å¥ó¡]¦b Linux 2.0.x ªº
   ­ì©lµ{¦¡¥Ø¿ý /usr/src/linux/Documentation/... ¸Ì¡^¡D
   
   ¦]¬°³o¥÷¤å¥ó¬O³]­p¨Ó¨ó§U·s¤âªº¡A±j¯P«Øij§A¨Ï¥Î¤wª¾¯àí©w¦a¦@¦P¹B§@ªº
   Linux ª©¥»¤Î¾A·íªº PPP ª©¥»¡D
   
5. ¨ä¥¦¦³¥Îªº¡þ­«­nªº¤å¥ó

   ¹ªÀy¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¾\Ū:-
     * ÀHªþ©ó PPP ®M¥óªº¤å¥ó;
     * pppd ¥H¤Î chat ªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U;
       (¨Ï¥Î man chat ¥H¤Î man pppd ¨Ó¾\Ū)
     * Linux ºô¸ôºÞ²z«ü¤Þ (NAG);
       °Ñ¾\ [11]The Network Administrators' Guide
     * Net-2/3 HOWTO;
       °Ñ¾\ [12]Linux NET-2/3-HOWTO
     * ¦b /usr/src/linux/Documentation ¸Ìªº Linux ®Ö¤ß¤å¥ó;
     * ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³]©w¸ê°T - °Ñ¾\ [13]Modem Setup Information
     * ¥Ñ O'Reilly and Associates ¥Xª©ªº³Ì¨Î Unix/Linux ®ÑÄy¡]°Ñ¾\
       [14]O'Reilly and Associates On-Line Catalogue ¸Ìªº¥Ø¿ý¡^¡D ¦pªG§A¬O
       Unix/Linux ªº·s¤â¡A¥ß¨è¶]¡]¤£­n¥Î¨«ªº¡^¨ìÂ÷§A³Ìªñªº¹q¸£®Ñ©±¥h§ë¸ê´X
       ¼Ë³o¨Ç¸ê®Æ¡D
     * ¥Ñ Al Longyear ©ÒºûÅ@ªº PPP-FAQ¡A¥i¦b [15]Linux PPP-FAQ ¨ú±o¡D
       ¸Ì­±¥]¬A¤F¤j¶q¦³¥Îªº¸ê°T¥H°Ýµªªº§Î¦¡¥X²{¡A¦b¸Õ¹Ï§ä¥X¬°¦ó PPP ¤£¯à(
       ¥¿±`)¤u§@®É¬Û·í¦³¥Î¡D
     * ¤£Â_·s¼W¥Ñ¤£¦P¥Xª©ªÀ»P§@ªÌ¥X«~ªº®ÑÄy;
       ¹ªÀy§A¥h¬d¾\³o¨Ç¬y³qªº®ÑÄy¡DLinux ªºµo®i»P®M¥óªººt¶i¬Û·í§Ö³t¡A¦Ó®Ñ
       Äyªº§ïª©³t«×(¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡)¬Û·íªººC! ¶R¤@¥»¤w¸g¹L´Áªº¦n®Ñ(²{¦b¦³³\¦h)¥i
       ¯à¨Ï±o·s¨Ï¥ÎªÌ·P¨ì§x´b»P¥¢±æ¡D
       
   Linux ¤å¥óªº³Ì¨Î°_ÂI´N¬O [16]The Linux Documentation Project Home
   Page. HOWTOs ¶É¦V©ó©w´Á¦a§ó·s¡D
   
   ÁöµM§Y¨Ï¤£¥²¾\Ū³o¨Ç¸ê®Æ¤¤ªº¥ô¦ó¤@¥÷§A¤]¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³o¥÷¤å¥ó¨Ó«Ø¥ß§Aªº PPP
   ³sµ²¡A ¦ý¬O¦pªG§A¥h¾\Ū³o¨Ç¤å¥ó¨º»ò§A¹ï©ó§A©Ò°µªº¨s³ºµo¥Í¤F¨Ç¤°»ò±N·|¤F
   ¸Ñ§ó¦h! §A±N¯à°÷ºë½Tªº´£¥X¦Û¤vªº°ÝÃD(©Î¦Ü¤Ö¦b comp.os.linux... ·s»D°Q½×
   ¸s©Î Linux mailing lists ¤¤°Ý¥X¸û¦³²`«×ªº°ÝÃD)¡D
   
   ³o¨Ç¤å¥ó¡]»P¦UºØ¨ä¥¦¤å¥ó¡A¥]¬A¬ÛÃöªº RFCs µ¥¡^´£¨ÑÃB¥~ªº¥H¤Î¤ñ³o¥÷¨Ï¥Î
   »¡©ú©Ò¯à¥]§tªº§ó¦h²Ó¸`¸ÑÄÀ¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A­n¨Ï¥Î PPP ³s±µ°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¡A¨º»ò§A±N±oª¾¹D¤@¨ÇÃö©ó
   TCP/IP ºô¸ô¹B§@ªºª¾ÃÑ¡D ¸É¥R¤@ÂI³o¥÷¤å¥ó«e­±´£¨ìªº¸ê®Æ¡A§A±N·|µo²{
   O'Reilly ¥Xª©ªº "TCP/IP Network Administration" ¥H¤Î "Building
   Internet Firewalls" «Ü¦³¦n³B!
   
5.1 ¦³¥Îªº Linux ¹q¤l¶l»¼¦Cªí

   ¦³³\¦h¦b¤£¦P¨Ï¥ÎªÌµ¥¯Å¤§¶¡¬y³qªº¹q¤l¶l»¼¦Cªí(mailing lists)¡D ¿ï¾Ü§A¦³
   ¿³½ì¥H¤Î¹ï§A±M·~ª¾ÃѤÎÆ[ÂI¦³©ÒÀ°§Uªº¦Cªí¨Ó­q¾\¡D
   
   ¤@¨Ç©¾§i: ¦³¨Ç¦Cªí¬Oµ¹¨º¨Ç"±M®a¯Å"¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Î¬O¯S®í¥DÃDªº¡D ÁöµM¨S¦³¤H·|©ê
   «è§A"¼ç¥ñ"(­q¾\¦ý¤£µoªí¤å³¹)¦b¸Ì­±¡A ¤£¹L¦pªG§A¦b¤£¾A¦Xªº¦Cªí¤¤´£¥X"·s
   ¤â"ªº°ÝÃD§A¥i¯à·|¦¬¨ì¤@¨Ç¼««ãªº·N¨£¡D
   
   ³o¨Ã¤£¬O¦]¬°±M®a¯Åªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ°Q¹½·s¶iªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¦Ó¬O¦]¬°³o¨Ç¦Cªí¬O¥Î¨Ó³B²z
   ¨ã¦³¤@©w§xÃø«×ªº¯S®í¥DÃDªº¡D
   
   ¥[¤J¨º¨Ç¥i¥H¤½¶}­q¾\ªº¦Cªí¡A¦ý½Ð§½­­§Aªº·N¨£©ó¦Cªíªº¬ÛÃö¥DÃD¤W­±¡D
   
   Linux ¹q¤l¶l»¼¦Cªí¤@­Ó«Ü¦nªº°_ÂI¬O [17]Linux Mailing List Directory¡D
   
6. ±N PPP ³]©w¬°«È¤áºÝªº¤u§@·§­n

   ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥]§t¤F³\¦h¸ê°T - ¦Ó¥B¨C¦¸§ïª©¤S¤£Â_¼W¥[!
   
   ¦]¦¹¡A¥»¸`ªº¥Øªº¦b©ó´£¨Ñ¤@²µuªº·§­n»¡©ú­n±N§Aªº Linux ¨t²Î§@¬°«È¤áºÝ³s
   ±µ¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹©Ò»Ýªº¤u§@¡D
   
6.1 ¨ú±o/¦w¸Ë³nÅé

   ¦pªG§Aªº Linux ®M¥ó¨Ã¥¼¥]§t PPP ³nÅé¡A§A¥i±q¦¹¨ú±o: [18]the Linux PPP
   daemon.
   
   ³o¬O¥»¤å¥ó¼¶¼gªº®É­Ô³Ì·s¥¿¦¡ª©¥»¡DµM¦Ó¡A¾¨¶q±q¸Ó¯¸¨úªº³Ì·sªºª©¥»(¥»¤å¥ó
   ¼¶¼g®É ppp-2.3 ©|¦b beta ¶¥¬q¦Ó¥BÀ³¸Ó«Ü§Ö·|µo¦æ)¡D
   
   ³o¥÷ PPP ®M¥ó¥]§t¤F¦p¦ó½sĶ¤Î¦w¸Ë©Ò»Ýªº«ü¤Þ¡A¦]¦¹¥»¤å¨Ã¤£¥]§t¦¹³¡¥÷!
   
6.2 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß¥[¤J PPP ¤ä´©

   Linux ªº PPP ¹B§@¥]§t¨â³¡¥÷
     * ¤W­±´£¨ìªº PPP daemon
     * PPP ªº®Ö¤ß¤ä´©
       
   ³\¦h®M¥ó¦ü¥G¦b¥¦­Ì¹w³]ªº¦w¸Ë®Ö¤ß¤¤´£¨Ñ PPP ªº¤ä´©¡A¦ý¨ä¾l«h§_¡D
   
   ¦pªG¦b±Ò°Ê®É®Ö¤ß³ø§i³o¼Ëªº°T®§
     _________________________________________________________________
   
PPP Dynamic channel allocation code copyright 1995 Caldera, Inc.
PPP line discipline registered.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   §Aªº®Ö¤ß¤w½sĶ PPP ¤ä´©¦b¤º¡D
   
   ¨º´N¬O»¡¡A¤£½×§A¨Ï¥Î¤°»ò®M¥ó§A¥i¯à§Æ±æ¦Û¦æ½sĶ®Ö¤ß¥H¦b§Aªº¯S©wµwÅé°t¸m
   ¤§¤U±o¨ì³Ì¦³®Äªº¨t²Î¸ê·½§Q¥Î¡D ½Ð°O¦í®Ö¤ß¤£¯à³Q¸m´«¥X°O¾ÐÅé¦]¦¹¾¨¶qÅý®Ö
   ¤ß«O«ù³Ì¤p¦b°O¾ÐÅ馳­­ªº¾÷¾¹¤W¬Û·í¦³¥Î¡D
   
   ¥»¤å¥ó¦b [19]°t¸m§Aªº Linux ®Ö¤ß ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ¤F­«·s½sĶ®Ö¤ßªº³Ì¤Ö»¡©ú¡D
   
   ²Ó¸`³¡¥÷½Ð°Ñ¾\ [20]The Linux Kernel HOWTO¡D
   
6.3 ±q§Aªº ISP ¨ú±o¸ê°T

   ´X¥G¦³µL¼ÆºØ³]©w PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº¤èªk¡D ¬°¤F³s¤W§Aªº ISP, §A¥²¶·¨ú±o PPP ¦ø
   ªA¾¹¦p¦ó¹B§@ªº¸ê°T¡D
   
   ¦]¬°§A¥Îªº¬O Linux, ¦b¤@¨Ç¶Èª¾¹D MS Windows «È¤áºÝªº ISP ¿Ô¸ß³¡ªù¥i¯à·|
   ¾D¹J§xÃø¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A·U¨Ó·U¦hªº ISP ¨Ï¥Î Linux ´£¨ÑªA°È - ¦Ó¥B Linux ¤]º¯¤J¤½¥qÀô¹Ò¡A
   ¦pªG§A¯uªº¹J¨ì°ÝÃD§A¤]¥i¯à·|«Ü©¯¹B¡D
   
   [21]¨ú±o§A©Ò»Ýªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¸ê°T ¤@¸`§i¶D§A»Ý­nª¾¹D§A³s±µªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº
   ¤°»ò¸ê°T - ¥H¤Î¦p¦ó§ä¥X³o¨Ç¸ê°T¡D
   
6.4 ³]©w§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð

   ¬°¤F³s¤W PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¨ú±o³Ì¨Îªº¸ê®Æ¶Ç¿é³t²v¡A§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¥²¶·³]©w¥¿½T¡D
   
   ¦P¼Ë¦a¡A³s±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¹q¸£ªº¦ê¦C°ð¤]¥²¶·¥¿½T¦a³]©w¡D
   
   [22]³]©w§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ³o¤è­±ªº¸ê°T¡D
   
6.5 «Ø¥ß¦WºÙ¨ì¦ì§}¸ÑªR(DNS)

   °£¤F°õ¦æ PPP ¤Î¦Û°Êñ¤J PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªºÀɮפ§¥~¡AÁÙ¦³¤@¨Ç¤å¦r°t¸mÀÉ®×¥²¶·
   ³]©w¡A ¥H«KÅý§Aªº¹q¸£¯à±N¹³³o¼Ëªº¦WºÙ www.interweft.com.au ¸ÑªR¬° IP ¦ì
   §}¥H«K¯u¥¿»P¨º¥x¹q¸£³s½u¡D ³o¨ÇÀɮ׬O:-
   
     * /etc/resolv.conf
     * /etc/host.conf
       
   [23]«Ø¥ß¦WºÙ¨ì¦ì§}¸ÑªR ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ³o¤è­±ªº³]©w²Ó¸`¡D
   
   ¯S§O¦a¡A§A¨Ã¤£»Ý­n¦b§Aªº Linux PC ¤W°õ¦æ¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¥H³s±µ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W(Áö
   µM©Î³\§A·|·Q³o»ò°µ)¡D §A©Ò»Ýªº¥u¬Oª¾¹D¦Ü¤Ö¤@³¡§A¯à¨Ï¥Îªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹ IP
   ¦ì§}(³Ì¦n¬O§Aªº ISP ©Ò´£¨Ñªº)¡D
   
6.6 PPP »P root Åv­­

   ¦]¬°¦b§Aªº Linux ¹q¸£»P¥t¤@­Ó PPP ¦øªA¾¹«Ø¥ß³sµ²»Ý­n¾Þ§@ºô¸ô¬É­±(PPP ¬É
   ­±¬O¤@­Óºô¸ô¬É­±)»P®Ö¤ßªº¸ô¥Ñªí¡Apppd »Ý­n¨Ï¥Î root ªºÅv­­¡D
   
   ²Ó¸`³¡¥÷¡A°Ñ¾\ [24]¨Ï¥Î PPP »P root Åv­­ ¤@¸`¡D
   
6.7 Àˬd§Aªº PPP ®M¥óÀɮפγ]©w PPP ¿ï¶µ

   ¦³¦n´X­Ó°t¸m¤Î¼·¸¹Àɮ׻ݭn«Ø¥ß¥H«KÅý PPP ¹B§@¡D¦b PPP ®M¥ó¤¤¦³¤@¨Ç½d¨Ò
   ¡A¦Ó¥»¸`§i¶D§AÀ³¦³ªº³o¨ÇÀɮ׬O¤°»ò:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/etc/ppp/options
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on-dialer
/etc/ppp/options.tpl
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¬Ý§A·Q¥Î PPP ¹F¨ìªº¥Ø¼Ð¬O¤°»ò§A¥i¯à»Ý­n¤@¨ÇÃB¥~ªºÀÉ®×:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX
/etc/ppp/ip-up
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
/etc/ppp/chap-secrets
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   °£¦¹¤§¥~¡APPP daemon ¦³¤j¶qªº½u¤W¿ï¶µ¡A¥¿½T¦a¨Ï¥Î¬O«Ü­«­nªº; ¦]¦¹¥»¸`±a
   §A¬Ý³o¨Ç¼Ð·Ç PPP ¿ï¶µ¨ÃÀ°§U§A¿ï¾Ü§AÀ³¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ¡D
   
   ²Ó¸`³¡¥÷¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\ [25]³]©w PPP ³s±µÀÉ®× ¤@¸`¡D
   
6.8 ¦pªG§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ(Password Authentication Protocol)

   ³\¦h ISP ³]¥ß PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ¡D¦pªG§Aªº¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¤£¨Ï¥Î PAP (¦pªG
   §A¥i¥H¥Î¤â°Êñ¤J¨Ã¦¬¨ì¼Ð·Çªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ/±K½X´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¨º»ò¥¦¨Ã¥¼¨Ï¥Î PAP)
   ¡A¨º»ò§A¥i¥H¸õ¹L¦¹¸`¡D
   
   ¨ú¥N¦b¶i¤J¦øªA¾¹®É¥X²{´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¿é¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¤Î±K½Xªº¬O¡A¨Ï¥Î PAP ªº
   PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¤£»Ý­n¤å¦r¼Ò¦¡ªºÃ±¤J¤è¦¡¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ»{ÃÒ¬O³s±µ±±¨î¨ó©w(link control protocol, LCP)ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡A¦b«Ø¥ß
   PPP ³s½u¤§ªì´Á¥æ´«ªº¸ê°T¡D
   
   [26]¦pªG§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ(Password Authentication Protocol)
   ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ§A¨Ï¥Î PAP «Ø¥ß PPP ³sµ²©Ò»ÝÀɮתº¸ê°T¡D
   
6.9 ¥H¤â°Ê¤è¦¡³s±µ¦Ü PPP ¦øªA¾¹

   ¤w¸g«Ø¥ß§¹°ò¥»ªºÀɮפ§«á¡A³z¹L¤â°Ê(¨Ï¥Î minicom ©Î seyon)ªº¤è¦¡³s±µ¤Î±Ò
   °Ê§A Linux PC ªº pppd ¨Ó´ú¸Õ¬O­Ó¤£¿ùªº¥D·N¡D
   
   °Ñ¨£ [27]¥H¤â°Ê¤è¦¡«Ø¥ß PPP ³sµ² »¡©ú³]©wªº²Ó¸`³¡¥÷¡D
   
6.10 ¨Ï§Aªº PPP ³sµ²¦Û°Ê¤Æ

   ¤@¥¹§A¦¨¥\¦a¥Î¤â°Ê¤è¦¡Ã±¤J¡A§A¥i¥H¸ÕµÛ«Ø¥ß¤@«ü¥O½Z¥H¦Û°Ê«Ø¥ß¦¹³sµ²¡D
   
   [28]¨Ï§Aªº³sµ²¦Û°Ê¤Æ - ³Ð³y³sµ²«ü¥O½Z ¤@¸`¥]§t¤F«Ø¥ß©Ò»Ýªº«ü¥O½Z¡A¥H¤Î
   ¬Û·í¦hªºª`·N¤O¶°¤¤¦b chat ©R¥O©ó PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªºÃ±¤J¹Lµ{¡D
   
   ³o¸`¤]°Q½×¤F¨Ï¥Î«ü¥O½Z©ó PAP/CHAP »{ÃÒªº¦øªA¾¹¤W¡D
   
6.11 µ²§ô³sµ²

   ¤@¥¹§Aªº³sµ²¯à°÷«Ø¥ß¨Ã¥¿±`¥¿§@¡A§A¥²»Ý¯à°÷µ²§ô³sµ²¡D
   
   ³o¦b [29]µ²§ô PPP ³sµ² ¤@¸`»¡©ú¡D
   
6.12 ¦pªG§A¾D¹J°ÝÃD

   ³\¦h¤HµLªkÅý PPP ¥¿±`¦a¤u§@¡DPPP ¦øªA¾¹ªººØÃþ¥H¤Î©M¥¦­Ì«Ø¥ß³s½uªº¤èªk¦³
   «D±`¦hºØ¡D Ãþ¦ü¦a¡APPP ¦³³\¦hªº¿ï¶µ - ¦Ó¦³¨Ç¿ï¶µ¬O¤£¯à¤@°_¥Îªº¡D
   
   °£¤Fñ¤J¨Ã°_©l PPP ªA°Èªº°ÝÃD¤§¥~¡A¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¥»¨­¤Î¹q¸Ü½u¸ô¤]¥i¯à·|¦³°ÝÃD¡D
   
   [30]¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ¤@¯ë¿ù»~ªº°ò¥»¸ê°T¡A¥H¤Î¦p¦ó¤ÀÂ÷¨Ã¸Ñ¨Mªº¤èªk¡D
   
   ³o¸Ì´£¨Ñªº¤£¹L¬O°ò¥»ªº¸ê°T¡DAl Longyear ©ÒºûÅ@ªº PPP-FAQ ¥]§t¤F§ó¦h³o¤@
   ¤è­±ªº¸ê°T!
   
6.13 «Ø¥ß³sµ²¤§«á

   ¤@¥¹ PPP ³sµ²¥i¥H¹B§@¤F(¯S§O¦a¡A¤@¥¹ IP ¼h¥i¥H¹B§@)¡ALinux ªº PPP ¥i¥H
   ¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ(¥H root ¨­¥÷)¤@«ü¥O½Z§¹¦¨¥ô¦ó§A·Q¹F¦¨ªº¥\¯à¡D
   
   [31]«Ø¥ß³sµ²¤§«á ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Zªº¸ê°T¡A ¥¦¦p¦ó±µ¦¬ PPP
   ¶Ç¨Óªº°Ñ¼Æ¥H¤Î¦p¦ó§Q¥Î¥¦¨Ó°µ¤@¨Ç¹³¦Û ISP ¨ú¦^§Aªº¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡A °e¥X¦b§A¾÷
   ¾¹¦î¦C¤¤¦s©ñªº¶l¥óµ¥µ¥¤u§@¡D
   
6.14 °ÊºA IP ³s±µ´£¨Ñ¼Ð·Ç IP ªA°Èªº°ÝÃD

   ´N¹³¦b²¤¶¤@¸`¸Ì«ü¥Xªº¡A°ÊºA IP ¸¹½X¼vÅT§Aªº Linux PC §@¬°ºô»Úºô¸ô¦øªA
   ¾¹ªº¯à¤O¡D
   
   [32]°ÊºA IP ³s±µ´£¨Ñ¼Ð·Ç IP ªA°Èªº°ÝÃD ¤@¸`´£¨Ñ(¥D­n)¨ü¼vÅTªºªA°È¥H¤Î§A
   ©Ò¯à°µ(¦pªG¦³ªº¸Ü)ªº§JªA¿ìªk¡D
   
7. °t¸m§Aªº Linux ®Ö¤ß

   ¬°¤F­n¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î PPP¡A§A½sĶªº Linux ®Ö¤ß¥²¶·¥]§t PPP ªº¤ä´©¡D ¦pªG§AÁÙ¨S
   ¦³ Linux ªº­ì©lµ{¦¡½X½Ð¥ý¨ú±o ¡Ð ¦b Linux ªºÀɮרt²Î¼Ð·Ç¤¤¥¦¬O©ñ¦b
   /usr/src/linux ¸Ì­±¡D
   
   Àˬd³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý - ³\¦hªº Linux ®M¥ó·|¦b¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤¦w¸Ë¦¹­ì©lµ{¦¡½X(ÀɮפΦ¸
   ¥Ø¿ý)¡D
   
   ¦b±Ò°Ê®É¡A§Aªº Linux ®Ö¤ß·|¦L¥X¤j¶qªº°T®§¡D¦pªG®Ö¤ß¤ä´© PPP ªº¸Ü·|¥]§t
   ¦¹¤@°T®§¡D ­nÆ[¬Ý³o¨Ç°T®§ªº¸Ü¡A¬Ý¬Ý§Aªº¨t²Î°O¿ýÀɩΥΠdmesg | less «ü¥O
   ±N³o¨Ç°T®§Åã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¡D ¦pªG®Ö¤ß¤ä´© PPP ªº¸Ü§A±N·|¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº´X¦æ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
PPP Dynamic channel allocation code copyright 1995 Caldera, Inc.
PPP line discipline registered.
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   (³o¬O Linux 2.0.x ¨t¦C®Ö¤ßªº°T®§)¡D
   
   Linux ®Ö¤ßªº­ì©lµ{¦¡¥i¥H±q sunsite.unc.edu ©Î¨ä¬M®g¸`ÂI¨ú±o¡D
   
7.1 ¦w¸Ë Linux ®Ö¤ß­ì©lµ{¦¡½X

   ¤U­±¬O²µuªº¨ú±o¤Î¦w¸Ë Linux ®Ö¤ß­ì©lµ{¦¡½Xªº«ü¥Ü¡D¸Ô²Óªº¸ê°T¥i¥H¦b
   [33]The Linux Kernel HOWTO ¤¤§ä¨ì¡D
   
   ¬°¤F¦w¸Ë¤Î½sĶ®Ö¤ß¡A§A¥²¶·¥H root ªº¨­¥÷ñ¤J¡D
   
    1. ¤Á´«¨ì /usr/src ¥Ø¿ý¤U
       cd /usr/src
    2. Àˬd /usr/src/linux ¬Ý¬Ý§A¬O§_¤w¸g¦w¸Ë¤F­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¡D
    3. ¦pªG¨S¦³ªº¸Ü¡A¥Ñ [34]Linux kernel source directory ©ÎÂ÷§A³Ìªñªº¬M®g
       ¸`ÂI¨ú¦^¡D
       ¦pªG§A·Q§ä§óª©¥»ªº®Ö¤ß(¨Ò¦p 1.2.X)¡A¥i¨ì [35]Old Linux kernel
       source directory §ä§ä¡D
    4. ¿ï¾Ü¾A·íªº®Ö¤ß - ³q±`¬O³Ìªñªºª©¥»¡D¨ú¦^«á±N¦¹ 'tar' À£ÁYÀÉ©ñ¦b
       /usr/src¡D
       ª`·N: ¤@­Ó 'tar' Àɮ׬O¤@ºØÀ£ÁYÀÉ - ¥i¯àÀ£¤F³\¦hÀɮשM¥Ø¿ý¦b¸ÌÀY¡D
       ¥¦¬Û·í©ó DOS ¤Uªº zip ÀɮסD
    5. ¦pªG§A¤w¸g¦w¸Ë¤F­ì©lµ{¦¡¡A¦ý·Q­n¤É¯Å¨ì·sª©ªº®Ö¤ß¡A§A¥²¶·¥ý²¾°£Âªº
       µ{¦¡½X¡D¥Î³o­Ó«ü¥O
       rm -rf /usr/src/linux
    6. ¥Î³o­Ó«ü¥O¸ÑÀ£ÁY
       tar xzf linux-2.0.XX.tar.gz
    7. µM«á¡Acd /usr/src/linux ¨Ã¬Ý¬Ý README ÀÉ¡D¸ÌÀY¥]§t¤F§¹¾ãªº¸ÑÄÀ¦p¦ó
       °t¸m¤Î½sĶ·s®Ö¤ß¡D ¥J²Ó¾\Ū³o­ÓÀÉ®×(±N¥¦¦L¥X¨Ó©ñ¦b¤âÃä¬O­Ó¦n¥D·N¡A
       ª½¨ì§A¤w°µ¤F¨¬°÷¦h¦¸ª¾¹D«ç»ò¿ì)¡D
       
7.2 ¾é¸Ñ§AªºµwÅé

   ¦pªG§A­n­«·s½sĶ§Aªº®Ö¤ß§A¥²¶·ª¾¹D¦b§A PC ¸Ì­±ªº¬É­±¥d¡þ³]³Æ!! ¹ï©ó¬Y¨Ç
   ³]³Æ¡]¹³¬O­µ®Ä¥d¡^§A¤]±oª¾¹D¦UºØ³]©w¡]¹³¬OµwÅ餤Â_¸¹½X¡A¿é¥X¤J¦ì§}¥H¤Î
   ½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªº¸ê°T¡^¡D
   
7.3 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß ¡Ð Linux 1.2.13 ®Ö¤ß

   ­n¶}©l°t¸mµ{§Ç¡A­º¥ý¨Ì·Ó¦b¸Ñ»¡Àɸ̪º»¡©ú¾A·í¦a¦w¸Ë­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¡DµM«á¥H¤U
   ­±ªº«ü¥O¶}©l®Ö¤ßªº°t¸mµ{§Ç
   
make config

   ¬°¤F­n¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î PPP ¡A§A¥²¶·°t¸m®Ö¤ß¥]§t PPP ªº¤ä´©¡]¨Ï¥Î PPP »Ý­n pppd
   ¥H¤Î®Ö¤ßªº PPP ¤ä´©¨âªÌ¡^¡D
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  PPP (point-to-point) support (CONFIG_PPP) [n] y
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ®Ú¾Ú¦b§A PC ¸Ì­±ªºµwÅé¥H¤Î§A·Q­nªº Linux §@·~¨t²Î¯S¦â¦^µª¨ä¥¦ªº°t¸m°ÝÃD
   ¡DµM«áÄ~Äò¨Ì·Ó¸Ó¸Ñ»¡ÀɨӽsĶ¨Ã¦w¸Ë§Aªº·s®Ö¤ß¡D
   
   ®Ö¤ß 1.2.13 ¥u­n»s³y¥|­Ó PPP ¸Ë¸m¡D¹ï©ó¦h°ð¥d(multi-port serial cards)
   ¨Ó»¡¡A§A¥²¶·­×§ï®Ö¤ß PPP ªº­ì©lµ{¦¡¥H«K±o¨ì§ó¦h°ðªº¤ä´©¡D (°Ñ¨£ÀHªþ
   PPP-2.1.2 ®M¥ó¦Ó¨Óªº README.linux ÀÉ®×»¡©ú§A»Ý­n°µªº²Ó¸`³¡¥÷)¡D
   
   ª`·N: ®Ö¤ß 1.2.13 ªº°t¸m¹ï¸Ü¤£¤¹³\§A¦^ÀY - ¦]¦¹¦pªG§A¦b make config ¹ï
   ¸Ü¤¤µª¿ù°ÝÃD¡A¥Î CTRL-C ¸õ¥X¨Ó­«·s¶}©l¡D
   
7.4 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß - Linux 1.3.x ¤Î 2.0.x ®Ö¤ß

   ¹ï©ó Linux 2.0.x ªº®Ö¤ß¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎÃþ¦ü Linux 1.2.13 ªºµ{§Ç¡D ¦A¤@¦¸¡A
   ¨Ì·Ó¦b¸Ñ»¡Àɸ̪º»¡©ú¾A·í¦a¦w¸Ë­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¡DµM«á¥H¤U­±ªº«ü¥O¶}©l®Ö¤ßªº°t
   ¸mµ{§Ç
   
make config

   µM¦Ó¡A§A¤]¦³¥t¥~ªº¿ï¾Ü
   
make menuconfig

   ³o´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó¥H¿ï³æ¬°°ò¦°t¦X½u¤W»²§Uªº°t¸m¨t²Î¡A¤¹³\§A¦b°t¸mµ{§Ç¤¤ÀH·N©Ò
   ¤§¡D
   
   ¤]¦³¤@­Ó¥H X windows ¬°°ò¦ªº°t¸m¬É­±
   
make xconfig

   §A¥i¥Hª½±µ½sĶ PPP ªº¤ä´©¨ì®Ö¤ß¸Ì¥h©ÎªÌ¬O°µ¦¨¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¥u¦b§A Linux ¾÷¾¹¹B§@ªº¤@³¡¥÷®É¶¡¸Ì¨Ï¥Î PPP ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò«Øij§A§â
   PPP ªº¤ä´©½sĶ¬°¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ¡D ¨Ï¥Î 'kerneld'¡A§Aªº®Ö¤ß±N·|¦b§A¶}©l§Aªº
   PPP ³sµ²µ{§Ç®É¦Û°Ê¸ü¤J´£¨Ñ PPP ¤ä´©©Ò»Ýªº¼Ò²Õ¡D ³o¸`¬Ù¤FÄ_¶Qªº°O¾ÐÅéªÅ
   ¶¡¡]¦]¬°®Ö¤ß¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¤@­Ó³¡¥÷¥i¥H³Q¸m´«¨ì°O¾ÐÅé¥~¡A¦ý¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ¦b¥¼¨Ï¥Î
   ®É·|¦Û°Ê³Q²¾°£¡^¡D
   
   ­n³o¼Ë°µªº¸Ü¡A§A»Ý­n¥´¶}¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õªº¤ä´©:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
        Enable loadable module support (CONFIG_MODULES) [Y/n/?] y
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ­n¥[¤J PPP ªº®Ö¤ß¤ä´©¡A¦^µª¤U¦C³o­Ó°ÝÃD:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
        PPP (point-to-point) support (CONFIG_PPP) [M/n/y/?]
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ­n°µ¦¨¥i¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õªº¸Ü¡A¦^µª M §Y¥i¡A§_«h´N½sĶ¦¨®Ö¤ßªº¤@³¡¥÷¡A¦^µª Y ´N
   ¬O¡D
   
   »P 1.2.13 ªº®Ö¤ß¤£¦Pªº¬O¡A2.0.x ªº®Ö¤ßµø»Ý­n¦Û°Ê«Ø¥ß PPP ³]³Æ¨Ã¥B¤@ÂI³£
   ¤£»Ý­n¥h¬ã¨s­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¥H¼W¥[¥i¥Îªº PPP ³]³Æ¡D
   
7.5 PPP-2.2 »P /proc/net/dev ªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ

   ¦pªG§A¦b¨Ï¥Î PPP-2.2¡A§A·|µo²{«Ø¥ß PPP ¸Ë¸mªº¤@­Ó°Æ§@¥Î´N¬O¦pªG§AÆ[¹î
   /proc/net Àɮרt²Î¬Ý¤£¨ì PPP ªº¸Ë¸m¡A ª½¨ì¶}©l¨Ï¥Î pppd ¸Ë¸m¤~·|³Q«Ø¥ß
   °_¨Ó:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[hartr@archenland hartr]$ cat /proc/net/dev
Inter-|   Receive                  |  Transmit
 face |packets errs drop fifo frame|packets errs drop fifo colls carrier
    lo:  92792    0    0    0    0    92792    0    0    0     0    0
  eth0: 621737   13   13    0   23   501621    0    0    0  1309    0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¤@¥¹§A¦³¤@­Ó(©Î§ó¦h) PPP ªA°È±Ò°Ê«á¡A§A·|¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº¶µ¥Ø(±q¤@³¡ PPP ¦ø
   ªA¾¹¤W¨ú±o):-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[root@kepler /root]# cat /proc/net/dev
Inter-|   Receive                  |  Transmit
 face |packets errs drop fifo frame|packets errs drop fifo colls carrier
    lo: 428021    0    0    0    0   428021    0    0    0     0    0
  eth0:4788257  648  648  319  650  1423836    0    0    0  4623    5
  ppp0:   2103    3    3    0    0     2017    0    0    0     0    0
  ppp1:  10008    0    0    0    0     8782    0    0    0     0    0
  ppp2:    305    0    0    0    0      297    0    0    0     0    0
  ppp3:   6720    7    7    0    0     7498    0    0    0     0    0
  ppp4: 118231  725  725    0    0   117791    0    0    0     0    0
  ppp5:  38915    5    5    0    0    28309    0    0    0     0    0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
7.6 °t¸m®Ö¤ßªº¤@¯ë¦Ò¶q

   ¦pªG§A­n§â§Aªº Linux PC ³]¬°¤@¥x PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò§A¥²¶·§â IP
   forwarding ªº¤ä´©½sĶ¶i¥h¡D ¦pªG§A·Q¨Ï¥Î Linux ³s±µ¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô©Î±N°Ï°ì
   ºô¸ô³s±µ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤Wªº¸Ü³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¤]¬O»Ý­nªº¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A­n³s±µ¤@­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¡]©ÎªÌ¬Æ¦Ü¥u¬O³s±µ¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡^¡A
   §AÀ³¸Ó­nÃö¤ß¦w¥þ¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡D¦b®Ö¤ß¤¤¥[¤J IP firewalls ªº¤ä´©¥i¯à¬O¥²¶·
   ªº!
   
   ¦pªG§A·Q­n¥Î IP °°¸Ë³s±µ¨Ï¥Î«e­z¥ô¦ó¤@­Ó¡¥¥¼³s½u¡¦IP ºô¸ô¸¹½Xªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô
   ¨º»ò§A¤]»Ý­n³o­Ó°t¸m¡D
   
   ­n¨Ï¥Î IP °°¸Ë»P IP firewalling¡A§A¥²¶·¦b make config ¹Lµ{¤¤ªº²Ä¤@­Ó°Ý
   ÃD¤W¦^µª yes:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers (CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL)?
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ÁöµM³oÅ¥°_¨Ó¹ï·s¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦³¨Ç§xÃø¡A³\¦h¤H¤´´r§Ö¦a¨Ï¥Î Linux 2.0.X ®Ö¤ßªº
   IP °°¸Ë»P IP firewalling ¥\¯à¦Ó¨S¦³°ÝÃD¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹§A§¹¦¨·s®Ö¤ßªº¦w¸Ë¥H¤Î­«·s±Ò°Ê¤§«á¡A§A´N¥i¥H¶}©l°t¸m¨Ã´ú¸Õ§Aªº PPP
   ³sµ²¡D
   
8. ¨ú±o§A©Ò»Ýªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¸ê°T

   ¦b§A¥i¥H«Ø¥ß¨ì¬Y¥x¦øªA¾¹ªº PPP ³s½u¤§«e¡A§A»Ý­n¨ú±o¤U¦Cªº¸ê°T¡]±q PPP
   ¦øªA¾¹ªº¨t²ÎºÞ²z¡þ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤ä´©¤H­û¨ú±o¡^:-
     * ¼·±µªA°Èªº¹q¸Ü¸¹½X
       ¦pªG§A¬O¦b¨p¥Î¥æ´«¾÷(PABX)¨t²Î¤U¡A§AÁٻݭn¼·¥X¥~½u«H¸¹ªº¨p¥Î¥æ´«¾÷
       ¸¹½X ¡Ð ³q±`¬O 0 ©Î 9¡D
     * ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î°ÊºA©ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X?
       ¦pªG¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X¡A¨º»ò§A»Ý­nª¾¹D¦b PPP ³s½u¤¤§A³oºÝ­n¨Ï
       ¥Î­þ­Ó IP ¸¹½X¡D ¦pªG§Aªº ISP ´£¨Ñ§A¤@¦Xªk IP ¸¹½Xªº¦¸ºô¸ô¡A§A»Ý­n
       ª¾¹D§A¯à¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹½X¤Îºô¸ô¾B¸n¡D
       ¤j³¡¤Àªººô»Úºô¸ôªA°È´£¨ÑªÌ³£¨Ï¥Î°ÊºAªº IP ¸¹½X¡D¦p«e­z¡A³o¹ï©ó§A¥i
       ¥H¨Ï¥ÎªºªA°È·|¦³¨Ç­­¨î¡D
       µM¦Ó¡A§Y¨Ï§A¨Ï¥ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X¡A¤j³¡¥÷ªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¤]¤£¤¹³\(¬°¤F¦w
       ¥þ²z¥Ñ)«È¤áºÝ¦Û¦æ«ü©w IP ¸¹½X¡A¦]¬°³o¦³¦w¥þ­·ÀI¡D §A¤´µM¥²¶·ª¾¹D³o
       ¨Ç¸ê°T¡D
     * ISP ªº»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹ IP ¸¹½X¬O¤°»ò?
       ÁöµM¥u»Ý­n¤@­Ó¦ý³Ì¤ÖÀ³¸Ó±o­n¦³¨â­Ó¡D
       ³o¸Ì¥i¯à·|¦³¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡D·L³nªº Windows 95 PPP ³]©w¤¹³\Åý DNS ªº¦a§}¦b
       ³s½u¹Lµ{¤¤¶Ç¨ì«È¤áºÝ¡D ¦]¦¹§Aªº ISP (©Î¤½¥qªº¿Ô¸ß«Ç)¥i¯à·|§i¶D§A¤£
       »Ý­nª¾¹D DNS ¦øªA¾¹ªº IP ¦ì§}¡D
       ¹ï©ó Linux ¨Ó»¡¡A§A¥²¶·¦Ü¤Öª¾¹D¤@­Ó DNS ªº¦ì§}¡D ¥Ø«e Linux ªº PPP
       ¹ê§@¤¤¤£¤¹³\¦b³s¥ß³s½u¤§®É°ÊºA¦a«ü©w DNS ªº IP ¸¹½X - «Ü¥i¯à±N¨Ó¤]
       ¤£·|¡D
       ª`·N: ÁöµM¡ALinux (§@¬° PPP ªº«È¤áºÝ)¤£¯à±q¦øªA¾¹¤¤±µ¨ü DNS ªº¦ì§}
       ¡AµM¦Ó¡A§@¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹®É¡A ¥¦¥i¥H¥Î pppd ªº¿ï¶µ dns-addr ¬°«È¤áºÝ
       «ü©w³o­Ó¸ê°T¡D
     * ¸Ó¦øªA¾¹¬O§_»Ý­n¨Ï¥Î PAP/CHAP?
       ¦pªG¬O³o¼Ë§A»Ý­nª¾¹D§A¥Î¨Ó³s½u "id" ¥H¤Î "secret" ¡D¡]³o¤j·§·|¬O§A
       ªº¦b³o­Ó ISP ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¥H¤Î±K½X¡^¡D
     * ¦øªA¾¹·|¦Û°Ê°_°Ê PPP ©ÎªÌ¦b¤@¥¹§Añ¤J¤§«á»Ý­nµo¥X¥ô¦ó«ü¥O¨Ó°_°Ê¦øªA
       ºÝªº PPP?
       ¦pªG§A¥²¶·¤U¬Y­Ó«ü¥O¨Ó°_°Ê PPP ªº¸Ü¡A¥¦¬O¤°»ò?
     * ¦pªG¦øªA¾¹¬O·L³nªº Windows NT ¨t²Î¡A¥¦¬O§_¨Ï¥Î·L³nªº PAP/CHAP ¨t
       ²Î?
       ³\¦h¤½¥qªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¦ü¥G¬O¨Ï¥Î Windows NT ªº¨t²Î¥H¼W¥[¦w¥þ©Ê¡D
       
   ¥J²Ó¦aª`·N³o¨Ç¸ê°T ¡Ð §A°¨¤W­n¨Ï¥Î¥¦­Ì!
   
9. ³]©w§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð

   §AÀ³¸Ó½T»{§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³]©w¥¿½T¦Ó¥B§Aª¾¹D¥¦³s±µ¨ì­þ­Ó¦ê¦C°ð¡D
   
   ÂÔ°O:-
     * DOS com1: = Linux /dev/cua0 (and /dev/ttyS0)
     * DOS com2: = Linux /dev/cua1 (and /dev/ttyS1)
       µ¥µ¥
       
   ÁÙ­n´£¿ô§A´N¬O¦pªG§A¦³¥|­Ó¦ê¦C°ð¡A¼Ð·Ç PC ¤WÅý com1 »P com3 ¦@¥Î IRQ4
   ¥BÅý com2 »P com4 ¦@¥Î IRQ3¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¦³¨ä¥¦¾÷¸Ë¸m©M¦ê¦C°ð¦@¥Î¤@­Ó IRQ ªº¸Ü¥i¯à·|¦³°ÝÃD¡D §A¥²¶·½T©w§A
   ªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦ê¦C°ð¾Ö¦³¥¦¦Û¤v¡A°ß¤@ªº¤@­Ó IRQ¡D³\¦h²{¦bªº¦ê¦C°ð¥d(»P«~½è¸û¨Î
   ªº¥D¾÷ªO¤Wªº¦ê¦C°ð)¤¹³\§A±N¦ê¦C°ð¤Wªº IRQ ²¾¶}¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¦b¥Î Linux 2.0.X ®Ö¤ß¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î cat /proc/interrupts Àˬd¨Ï¥Î¤¤ªº
   IRQ¡A§A·|¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº¿é¥Xµ²ªG
     _________________________________________________________________
   
 0:    6766283   timer
 1:      91545   keyboard
 2:          0   cascade
 4:     156944 + serial
 7:     101764   WD8013
10:     134365 + BusLogic BT-958
13:          1   math error
15:    3671702 + serial
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o¸ÌÅã¥Ü¤F¤@­Ó¦ê¦C°ð¦b IRQ4 (¤@­Ó·Æ¹«)»P¤@­Ó¦ê¦C°ð¦b IRQ15¡D (¤]¦³¤@¦ê
   ¦C°ð¦b com2, IRQ3 »P com4 ¬O¦b IRQ14¡A¦ý¨Ã¥¼¨Ï¥Î¡A¨S¦³Åã¥Ü¥X¨Ó)¡D
   
   ½Ð¤p¤ß - ¦pªG§A­n½Õ§Aªº IRQ ªº¸Ü§A­n½T¹êª¾¹D§A¦b°µ¨Ç¤°»ò! §A¤£¥u»Ý­n¥´
   ¶}§Aªº¹q¸£¥~´ß¡A±N¬É­±¥d©Þ¤U¨Ã½Õ¾ã jumper¡A§AÁٻݭnª¾¹D¨º­Ó¦û¥Î¤°»ò
   IRQ¡D ¥H§Úªº¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A³o§¹¥þ¬O¥H SCSI ¬°¥Dªº PC¡A¦]¦¹§Ú±N¥D¾÷ªO¤Wªº³q±`
   ·|¦û¥Î IRQ14 »P 15 ªº IDE ¬É­±Ãö±¼¡D
   
   §AÁٻݭnª`·N¦pªG§Aªº PC ÁÙ¶]¤F¨ä¥¦ªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A§ó°Ê IRQ ªº¦ì§}¥i¯à¨Ï¨º­Ó
   §@·~¨t²Î±Ò°Ê¤£¥¿±`¡A©Î®Ú¥»¶}¤£¤F¾÷!
   
   ¦pªG¯uªº±N¦ê¦C°ð²¾¨ì¤F«D¼Ð·Çªº IRQ¡A¨º»ò§A»Ý­n§i¶D Linux ¨C¤@­Ó°ð©Ò¥Îªº
   IRQ ¦ì§}¡D ³o¥i¥H¥Î setserial «ü¥O¹F¦¨¡A¦Ó¥B³Ì¦n±N¥¦©ñ¨ì rc.local¡A©Î¦b
   SysV ¨t²Î¤¤¥Ñ rc.local ©Ò©I¥sªº rc.serial ¸Ì­±¦¨¬°¶}¾÷¹Lµ{ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡D ¥H
   §Ú¤W­±©Ò¦Cªº¾÷¾¹¨Ó»¡¡A¥Î³o¼Ëªº«ü¥O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/bin/setserial -b /dev/ttyS2 IRQ 11
/bin/setserial -b /dev/ttyS3 IRQ 15
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î¥Ñ kerneld ¦æµ{©Ò­t³dªº°ÊºA¸ü¤J¦ê¦C¼Ò²Õ¡A§A¤£¯à¹³³o¼Ë¨C
   ¦¸¶}¾÷®É³]©w¤@¦¸ IRQ «á´N§â¥¦§Ñ¤F¡D ³o¬O¦]¬°¦pªG¦ê¦C¼Ò²Õ³Q²¾°£¡ALinux
   ´N·|§Ñ¤F³o¨Ç¯S®íªº³]©w¡D
   
   ¦]¦¹¡A¦pªG§A¥H°ÊºA¤è¦¡¸ü¤J¦ê¦C¼Ò²Õ¡A§A¥²¶·­n¦b¨C¤J¸ü¤J¼Ò²Õ®É­«·s³]©w
   IRQ ¤~¦æ¡D
   
9.1 ¦ê¦C°ð»P³t«×¬Û®e©Êªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ

   ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î°ª³t(¥~±µ¦¡)¼Æ¾Ú¾÷(14,400 baud ©Î§ó°ª)¡A§Aªº¦ê¦C°ð³t«×¥²¶·¯à
   °÷³B²z³oºØ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷©Ò²£¥Íªº¸ê®Æ¶q¡A¯S¦b¬O·í¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦bÀ£ÁY¸ê®Æ®É¡D
   
   §Aªº¦ê¦C°ð»Ý­n¤@ºØ·s«¬ªº UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver
   Transmitter)¡A¹³¬O 16550(A)¡D ¦pªG§A¦b¨Ï¥Î¤@³¡Âªº¾÷¾¹(©Îªº¦ê¦C¥d)¡A
   «Ü¥i¯à¦ê¦C°ð¤W¥u¦³Âªº 8250 UART¡A³o¦b§A¨Ï¥Î°ª³t¼Æ¾Ú¾÷®É¥i¯à·|µo¥Í°ÝÃD
   ¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó«ü¥O
   
setserial -a /dev/ttySx

   Åý Linux ¦^³ø§A¨Ï¥Îªº UART Ãþ«¬¡D¦pªG§A¨S¦³ 16550A «¬ªº UART¡A¥h¶R¤@¶ô
   ·sªº¦ê¦C¥d(¤£¨ì $50)¡D ·í§A¶R¤@¶ô·s¥d®É¡A½T©w§A¯à½Õ¾ã¤W­±ªº IRQ!
   
   ª`·N: ³Ì¦­ª©¥»ªº 16550 UART ´¹¤ù¤W¦³·å²«¡D³oÂI«Ü§Ö´N³Qµo²{¤F¦Ó¥B¤]µo¦æ
   ¤F·sª©ªº´¹¤ù - 16550A UART¡D ¦ý¤´¦³¤Ö³¡¥÷¦³·å²«ªº´¹¤ù¬y¤J¤F¥«­±¡DÁöµM¤£
   ¤Ó¥i¯à­è¦n´NÅý§A¶R¨ì¡A¦ý§AÁÙ¬OÀ³¸Ó¬Ý¤@¤U´¹¤ùÃþ«¬¬O¤£¬O 16550A¡A¯S§O¬O¦b
   ¤@¨Ç¸û¦­´Áªº¦ê¦C¥d¤W¡D
   
9.2 ¦ê¦C°ð¦WºÙ

   ¥H«e¡ALinux ¥Î cuaX ªí¥Ü¼·¥Xªº¦ê¦C°ð¦W¦Ó ttySx ªí¥Ü¼·¤Jªº¦WºÙ¡D
   
   ¦Û®Ö¤ß 2.0.X ¤§«á³o¼Ëªº­n¨D¤w¸g§ïÅܤF¡A©Ò¥H§AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¥Î ttySx ¦P®Éªí¥Ü
   ¼·¤J¤Î¼·¥Xªº¦WºÙ¡D ¾Ú§Ú¤F¸Ñ cuaX ªº¸Ë¸m¦WºÙ¦b¥¼¨Óª©¥»ªº®Ö¤ß¤¤¥i¯à·|¨ú®ø
   ¡D
   
9.3 °t¸m§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷

   ¬°¨Ï¥Î PPP §A±N±o¥¿½T¦a°t¸m§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ ¡Ð ­n§¹¦¨³o¥ó¤u§@½Ð¾\Ū§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷
   ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U! ¤j³¡¤Àªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³£¦³ PPP ©Ò»Ý¨Dªºªº¥X¼t¹w³]¿ï¶µ¡D ³Ì°ò¥»ªº°t¸m
   ¬O:-
     * µwÅé¬y¶q±±¨î (RTS/CTS) (&K3 ¦b³\¦h±Ä¥Î Hayes «ü¥O¶°ªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷)
       
   §AÀ³¸Ó­n¬ã¨sªº¨ä¥¦³]©w¡]¨Ï¥Î¼Ð·Ç Hayes «ü¥O¡^¬O:
     * E1 ¶}±Ò«ü¥Oªº¥»¦a¦^À³ (chat ¹B§@©Ò»Ý)
     * Q0 ¦^³ø°õ¦æµ²ªG¥N½X (chat ¹B§@©Ò»Ý)
     * S0=0 Ãö³¬¦Û°Ê¦^À³ (°£«D§A·QÅý§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷±µÅ¥¹q¸Ü)
     * &C1 ¥u¦b³s½u¤§«á°»´ú¸üªi
     * &S0 Data Set Ready (DSR)¥Ã»·³]¬°¶}±Ò
     * (¬Ý±¡ªp) Data Terminal Ready
       
   ¦³¤@­Ó¯¸¥x´£¨Ñ§A¤£Â_¼W¥[ªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷´Ú¦¡ªº³]©w¡A¥i¯à·|¹ï§A¦³©ÒÀ°§U¡A¦b
   [36]Modem setup information¡D
   
   ¦b§Aªº¹q¸£»P¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤§¶¡ªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦ê¦C­±¬É­±¦p¦ó¹B§@¤]­È±o¬ã¨s¤F¸Ñ¡D ¤j³¡¤À
   ²{¥Nªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³£¤¹³\§A¥H©T©wªº³t«×¨Ï¥Î¦ê¦C¬É­±¡A§Y¨Ï¹q¸Ü½u¸ô¬É­±¤Á´«¨ì³Ì
   °ªªº³t«×¥¦¸ò»·ºÝ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³£¯à°÷³B²z¡D
   
   ³oºÙ¬° split speed operation¡D¦pªG§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¯à¤ä´©³o¶µ¥\¯à¡A§â¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº
   ¦ê¦C¬É­±Âê©w¦b¥¦ªº³Ì°ª³t«×¡]³q±`¬O 115,200 baud ¡A¦ý¹ï 14,400 ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨Ó
   »¡¥i¯à¬O 38,400 baud¡^¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î§Aªº³q°T³nÅé¡]¨Ò¦p minicom¡^§ä¥XÃö©ó§A¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº°t¸m¸ê°T¨Ã¥B³]¬° PPP
   ©Ò»Ýªº³]©w¡D ³\¦h¼Æ¾Ú¾÷·|¦b AT&V «ü¥Oªº¦^À³¤¤¦^³ø¥¦­Ì¥Ø«eªº³]©wª¬ªp¡A¦ý
   ¬O§AÀ³¸Ó¬d¬Ý¤@¤U§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A§â³]©w¥þ³£§Ë¶Ã¤F¡A¨º»ò§A¥i¥HÂǥѵo¥X AT&F «ü¥O¦^¨ìí©wª¬ºA¡]³q±`
   ¥i¥H¡^ ¡Ð ¦^¨ì¥X¼t³]©w¡D ¡]¦b§Ú¹J¹Lªº¤j³¡¤À²{¥N¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤¤¡A¥X¼tªº³]©w¥]§t
   ©Ò¦³¨Ï¥Î PPP ©Ò»Ýªº³]©w ¡Ð ¦ý¬O§AÀ³¸Ó°µ­ÓÀˬd¡^¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹§A§ä¥X¤F¥²­nªº³]©w¦r¦ê´N§â¥¦¼g¤U¨Ó¡DµM«á§A¥²¶·°µ­Ó¨M©w: §A¥i¥H±N³o
   ¨Ç³]©w­È¦s¦b¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Wªº«D´§µo©Ê°O¾ÐÅ餤³o¼Ë¥i¥H¥Î¾A·íªº AT «ü¥O´N¥i¥s¥X
   ¡D ¥t¤@­Ó°µªk¬O±N³o¨Ç¥¿½Tªº³]©w¦b PPP ªº¼·¸¹¹Lµ{¤¤¶Ç¤J¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¥u±q Linux ¤U¨Ï¥Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³s±µ¨ì ISP ¦øªA¾¹¡A³Ì²³æªº°µªk´N¬O±N³o¨Ç
   ³]©w­È¦s¤J¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Wªº«D´§µo©Ê°O¾ÐÅé(non-volatile RAM)¡D
   
   ¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¦pªG§A­nÁÙ¦b¨ä¥¦ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡©Î§@·~¨t²Î¤W¨Ï¥Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A³Ì«OÀIªº°µ
   ªk¬O¦b¨C¦¸¼·¸¹®É¤~±N³o¨Ç¸ê°T¶Ç¤J¡A ¦p¦¹¥i¥H½T«O¦b¨C¦¸¼·¸¹®É¼Æ¾Ú¾÷Á`¬O¦b
   ¥¿½Tªºª¬ºA¡D(°O¤U³o¨Ç³]©w¦r¦êÁÙ¦³­Ó¦n³B´N¬O¦b¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¿ò¥¢¤F°O¾ÐÅ骺¤º®e®É
   ¡A³o½T¹ê¥i¯àµo¥Í)¡D
   
9.4 ¦ê¦C¬y¶q±±¨îª`·N¨Æ¶µ

   ·í¸ê®Æ¦b¦ê¦C³q°T½u¸ô¤W¬y°Êªº®É­Ô¡A¥i¯à·|µo¥Í¸ê®Æ¨ì¹Fªº¤ñ¹q¸£¯à³B²zªºÁÙ
   ­n§Ö³oºØ±¡ªp¡]¹q¸£¥i¯à¦£µÛ°µ¨ä¥¦ªº¨Æ ¡Ð °O±o¡ALinux ¬O¤@­Ó¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¦h
   ¤uªº§@·~¨t²Î¡^¡D ¬°¤F½T«O¸ê®Æ¤£·|º|¥¢¡]¦b½w½Ä°Ï¤¤ªº¸ê®Æ¤£·|¶W¸ü¦Ó¦]¦¹º|
   ¥¢±¼¡^¡A»Ý­n¬Y¨Ç±±¨î¸ê®Æ¬y¶qªº¤èªk¡D
   
   ¦³¨âºØ¤èªk¥i¥H¦b¦ê¦C½u¸ô¤W¹F¦¨³o­Ó¥Øªº:-
     * ¨Ï¥ÎµwÅé«H¸¹(Clear To Send/Request to Send - CTS/RTS)
     * ¨Ï¥Î³nÅé«H¸¹(control S and control Q, also known as XON/XOFF).
       
   ÁöµM«áªÌ¥Î¦b²×ºÝ¾÷¡]¤å¦r¡^³sµ²¤W¥i¯à«Ü¦n¡A¦ý¬O¦b PPP ¤Wªº¸ê®Æ¨Ï¥Î¾ã­Ó
   8 bits ½s½XªÅ¶¡ ¡Ð ¦Ó¥B¦b¸ê®Æ¤¤ªº¬Y­Ó¦a¤è¬Û·í¥i¯à¦s¦b·|³QÂন control
   S ¥H¤Î control Q ªº¦ì¤¸²Õ¡D ©Ò¥H¡A¦pªG¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³]¦¨¨Ï¥Î³nÅé¬y¶q±±¨îªº¸Ü¡A
   ¨º»ò¶Ç¿é«Ü®e©ö³QÂZ¶Ã!
   
   ¹ï©ó¨Ï¥Î PPP ªº°ª³t³sµ²¡]¨Ï¥Î 8 bits ¸ê®Æ½s½X¡^¨Ó»¡µwÅé¬y¶q±±¨î¬O«Ü­«­n
   ªº¡A¦]¦¹§A¥²¶·¨Ï¥ÎµwÅé¬y¶q±±¨î¡D
   
9.5 ´ú¸Õ§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº¼·¥X¥\¯à

   ¦b§A§¹¦¨¤F¦ê¦C°ð»P¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº³]©w¤§®É¸ÕµÛ¼·¨ì§Aªº ISP ¤W¬Ý¬Ý¯à§_³s¤W¥H½T©w
   ³]©w¬O§_¦³»~¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î§Aªº²×ºÝ¾÷³q°T³nÅé¡]¹³¬O minicom¡^¡A¼·¨ì§A·Q¨Ï¥Î PPP ³s½uªº¨º¥x
   PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡D
   
   ¡]ª`·N: ¦b³o­Ó¶¥¬q§Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£¹Á¸Õ«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u ¡Ð ¥u¬O­nÃÒ¹ê§Ú­Ì¾Ö¦³¥¿½Tªº
   ¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¥H¤Î¬°¤Fñ¤J¨Ã¥B°_°Ê PPP ¦Ó½T¹ê¦a§ä¥X¦øªA¾¹¨s³º¶Ç°eµ¹§Ú­Ì¤°»ò°T
   ®§¡^¡D
   
   ¦b³o­Ó¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¥i¥HºI¨ú¡]°O¿ý¨ì¤@­ÓÀɮ׸̡^¾ã­Óñ¤Jªº¹Lµ{©ÎªÌ¬O¤p¤ß¦a¡]
   «D±`¤p¤ß¦a¡^½T¹ê¼g¤U»·ºÝ¦øªA¾¹©Òµ¹§A´£¥Ü¿é¤J§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¥H¤Î±K½Xªº°T
   ®§¡]¥H¤Î¥ô¦ó«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u»Ý­n¤U¹Fªº«ü¥O¡^¡D
   
   ¦pªG§Aªº¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP¡A§A¥i¯à¤£·|¬Ý¨£Ã±¤Jªº´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A¦Ó¬O(¥H¤å¦rªí¥Ü
   ªº)³sµ²³q°T¨ó©w(¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¬O©U§£)¥X²{¦b§Aªº¿Ã¹õ¤W¡D
   
   ¤@¨Çĵ§i:-
   
     * ¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹¬Û·íÁo©ú: §A¥i¥H¥Î¤å¦r¼Ò¦¡ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ/±K½X¤è¦¡©Î¨Ï¥Î
       PAP ñ¤J¡D ¦]¦¹¦pªG§Aªº ISP ©Î¤½¥q¯¸¥x¨Ï¥Î PAP ¦ý§A¨S¦³¥ß¨è¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W
       ¬Ý¨ì©U§£¡A¤]¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü§A°µ¿ù¤F¡D
     * ¬Y¨Ç¯¸¥x­n¨D§A¥ý¿é¤J¤@¨Ç°_©lªº¤å¦rµM«á¤~±Ò°Ê¼Ð·Çªº PAP µ{§Ç¡D
     * ¬Y¨Ç PPP ¦øªA¾¹¬O³Q°Êªº - ¥¦­Ì´N§¤¦b¨º¸Ìµ¥«Ý¦Ó¤£°e¥X¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ¡Aª½¨ì
       «È¤áºÝ¼·¤J¨Ã°e¥X¦Xªkªº³sµ²±±¨î¨ó©w¡D ¦pªG§A­n³s±µªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¬O³Q
       °Ê¼Ò¦¡ªº¡A§A±N¤£·|¬Ý¨ì¥ô¦ó©U§£!
     * ¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹¦b§A«ö¤U ENTER «e¤£·|±Ò°Ê PPP - ¦]¦¹¦pªG§A¥¿½Tñ¤J¦ý¥¼¬Ý
       ¨ì©U§£ªº¸Ü¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ!
       
   ³o³Ì¤Ö­È±o¼·±µ¨â¦¸ ¡Ð ¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹·|¦b¨C¦¸§Añ¤J®É§ïÅÜ´£¥Ü¡]¨Ò¦p¨Ì®É¶¡§ï
   ÅÜ!¡^¡D §Aªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¦b¨C¦¸§A¼·¤Jªº®É­Ô­n¯à°÷¿ë»{ªº¨â­Ó¥D­nªº´£¥Ü
   ¬O:-
     * ­n¨D§A¿é¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙªº´£¥Ü;
     * ­n¨D§A¿é¤J±K½Xªº´£¥Ü;
       
   ¦pªG§A¥²¶·µo¥X¬Y­Ó«ü¥O¨Ó°_°Ê¦øªAºÝªº PPP¡A¨º»ò§A¤]»Ý­n§ä¥X¤@¥¹§Añ¤J¤§
   «á¦øªA¾¹©Òµ¹§A¿é¤J«ü¥O¥H±Ò°Ê PPP ªº´£¥Ü¡D
   
   ¦pªG§Aªº¦øªA¾¹¦Û°Ê°_°Ê PPP ªº¸Ü¡A¤@¥¹§Añ¤J§¹¦¨¡A§A±N¶}©l¨£¨ì¿Ã¹õ¤W¥X²{
   ©U§£ ¡Ð ³o¬O PPP ¦øªAºÝ¶Ç°eµ¹§Aªº¾÷¾¹¥H°_°Ê¨Ã¥B°t¸m PPP ³s½uªº¸ê°T¡D
   
   ³o¬Ý°_¨ÓÀ³¸Ó·|¬O¹³³o¼ËªºªF¦è:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
~y}#.!}!}!} }8}!}$}%U}"}&} } } } }%}& ...}'}"}(}"} .~~y}
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   (¦Ó¥B¥¦ÁÙ·|¤@ª½¶i¨Ó! )
   
   ¦b¬Y¨Ç¨t²Î¤¤ PPP ¥²¶·¦b¦øªAºÝ¤W©ú½T¦a¥[¥H°_°Ê¡D³o³q±`¬O¦]¬°¸Ó¦øªA¾¹³Q³]
   ©w¦¨¤¹³\¨Ï¥Î¬Û¦P¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡þ±K½X°t¹ï¨Ó°µ PPP ñ¤J¤Î¤@¯ë¨Ï¥Î¬É­±(shell)
   ªºÃ±¤J¡D ¦pªG¬O³o¼Ë¡A¤@¥¹§Añ¤J´Nµo¥X¸Ó«ü¥O¡D¦A¤@¦¸¡A§A±N·|¨£¨ì PPP ³s
   ½u¦øªAºÝ°_°Êªº©U§£¸ê°T ¡Ð ©Ò¥H²{¦b§A¥i¥H±¾Â_¤F¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¨S¦³¦b³s¤W®É¥ß§Y¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç©U§£(¦pªG¥²­nªº¸Ü¥ýñ¤J¨Ã±Ò°Ê
   PPP ¦øªA¾¹)¡A «ö¤U Enter ¸Õ¸Õ¯à§_±Ò°Ê PPP ¦øªA¾¹...
   
   ³o­Ó®É­Ô¡A§A´N¥i¥H±¾Â_§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡]³q±`¬O¡A§Ö³t¦aÁä¤J +++ ¤@¥¹§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷
   ¦^À³ OK µM«á±µµÛ¤U ATHO «ü¥O¡^¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¤£¯à¨Ï§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¹B§@ªº¸Ü¡A¾\Ū§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¡A§A³q°T³nÅ骺½u
   ¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¥H¤Î Serial HOWTO! ¤@¥¹§A¸Ñ¨M¸Ó°ÝÃD¡AÄ~Äò¶i¦æ«e­±©Ò»¡ªº¡D
   
10. «Ø¥ß¦WºÙ¨ì¦ì§}¸ÑªR(DNS)

   ÁöµM§Ú­Ì¤HÃþ³ßÅwµ¹¨Æª«¨ú­Ó¦WºÙ¡A¹q¸£³ßÅw¼Æ¦r¡D ¦b TCP/IP ºô¸ô¤W¡]³o¤]´N
   ¬Oºô»Úºô¸ô¡^¡A§Ú­ÌÂǥѯS©wªº¦WºÙ©I¥s¬Y¥x¾÷¾¹¡A¦Ó¥B¨C¥x¾÷¾¹³£¦s¦b©ó¤@­Ó
   ¯S©wªº»â°ì¼Ð°O¸Ì­±¡D Á|¨Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A§Úªº Linux ¤u§@¯¸ºÙ¬° archenland ¦Ó¥¦¬O
   ¦s¦b©ó interweft.com.au ³o­Ó»â°ì¸Ì¡D ©Ò¥H¥¦¦b¤H­Ì¤ß¥Ø¤¤ªº¦ì§}´N¬O
   archenland.hedland.edu.au¡D (ºÙ¬° FQDN - fully qualified domain name
   ¡D)
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¬°¤F¨Ïºô»Úºô¸ô¤Wªº¨ä¥¦¹q¸£§äªº¨ì³o¥x¾÷¾¹¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W¹q¸£¦bºô»Úºô¸ô¤W
   ·¾³q®É¥¦¬OÂǥѨä IP ¸¹½X¨Ó»{ª¾ªº¡D
   
   §â¾÷¾¹¡]¥H¤Î»â°ì¡^ªº¦WºÙÂàĶ¡]¸ÑªR¡^¦¨¬°¦bºô»Úºô¸ô¤W©Ò¹ê»Ú¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹
   ½X¬O´£¨Ñ»â°ì¦WºÙªA°È¤§¾÷¾¹ªº¤u§@¡D
   
   ¥¦¬O³o¼Ë¤l¹B§@ªº:-
     * §Aªº¾÷¾¹»Ý­nª¾¹D¬Y³¡¯S©w¹q¸£ªº IP ¦ì§}¡D»Ý­n³o¶µ¸ê°TªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¦V§A
       ªº Linux PC ¤Wªº'¦WºÙ¸ÑªR¾¹'¸ß°Ý¦¹¸ê°T;
     * ¦WºÙ¸ÑªR¾¹¬d¸ß¾÷¾¹¤º³¡ªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙÀÉ®×(¥i¯à¬O /etc/hosts ¥H¤Î/©Î¬Oª¾
       ¹D³o¶µ¸ê°Tªº»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¡A¦Ó¦WºÙ¸ÑªR¾¹¹ê»Úªº¦æ¬°¥Ñ
       /etc/host.conf ÀɮרM©w);
     * ¦pªGµª®×¦b¥D¾÷¦WºÙÀɮפ¤¡A´N¥H¦¹µª®×¦^µª;
     * ¦pªG¬O¦b«ü©wªº»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¤¤¡A§Aªº PC ´N¦V¸Ó¾÷¾¹¸ß°Ý;
     * ¦pªG³o³¡»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¤w¸gª¾¹D³Q¸ß°Ý¦WºÙªº IP ¸¹½X¡A´N¥H¦¹¦^µª¡D§_
       «h¡A¥¦·|³z¹Lºô»Úºô¸ô¦V¨ä¥¦ªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹§ä´M¸ê°T¡D ³Ì«á³o³¡¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹
       ·|±N¸ê°T¶Ç¦^µ¹­ì¨Ó¸ß°Ýªº¦WºÙ¸ÑªR¾¹¡AµM«á¶Çµ¹­n¨D¦¹¸ê°TªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¡D
       
   ·í§A³Ð³y¥X PPP ³s½u®É¡A§A»Ý­n§i¶D§Aªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¥¦¥i¥H¦b­þ¸Ì§ä¨ì¥D¾÷¦W
   ºÙ¹ï·Ó¨ì IP ¸¹½X¡]¦ì§}¸ÑªR¡^ªº¸ê°T¡A¦p¦¹§A´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¾÷¾¹ªº¦WºÙ¦Ó§Aªº¹q
   ¸£¥i¥H§â³o¨Ç¦WºÙÂàĶ¦¨¥¦¹B§@©Ò»Ýªº IP ¸¹½X¡D
   
   ¤@­Ó¤èªk¬O¿é¤J©Ò¦³§A·QÁpµ¸ªº¥D¾÷¨ì /etc/hosts Àɮ׸̡]¦pªG§A¬O³s¤Wºô»Ú
   ºô¸ôªº¸Ü³o¯uªº¬O§¹¥þ¤£¥i¯àªº¨Æ¡^¡F ¥t¤@­Ó¤èªk¬O¨Ï¥Î¬Û¹ï©ó¾÷¾¹¦WºÙªº IP
   ¸¹½X¡]­n°O±o¥þ³¡ªº IP ¦ì§}¬O¤£¥i¯àªº°£«D¦b³Ì¤pªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W¡^¡D
   
   ³Ì¦nªº¤èªk¬O³]©w§Aªº Linux ¨Ï¥¦ª¾¹D¸Ó¨ì­þ¨ú±o³o¶µ¦WºÙ¨ì¸¹½Xªº¸ê°T ¡Ð ¦Û
   °Ê¦a¡D ³o¶µªA°È¬O¥Ñ»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¨t²Î©Ò´£¨Ñ¡D»Ý­n°µªº¥þ³¡¤u§@¬O§â IP ¸¹
   ½X¿é¤J¨ì§Aªº /etc/resov.conf Àɮ׸̡D
   
10.1 /etc/resolv.conf ÀÉ®×

   §Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨t²ÎºÞ²z¡þ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤ä´©¤H­ûÀ³¸Ó­n´£¨Ñµ¹§A¨â­Ó DNS ªº IP ¸¹
   ½X¡]¥u»Ý­n¤@­Ó ¡Ð ¦ý¬O¨â­Ó¦b¥X°ÝÃD®É¥i¥H¦h¨ÇÀ°§U¡^¡D
   
   ¦p«e©Ò­z¡ALinux ¤£¯à¥H¹³ MS Windows 95 ¤@¼Ëªº¤è¦¡¨Ó³]©w¥¦ªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹ªº
   IP ¸¹½X¡D ©Ò¥H§A¥²¶·(¦³Â§»ª¦a)°í«ù§Aªº ISP ´£¨Ñ§A³o¶µ¸ê°T!
   
   §Aªº /etc/resolv.conf ¬Ý°_¨ÓÀ³¸Ó·|¹³³o¼Ë:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
domain your.isp.domain.name
nameserver 10.25.0.1
nameserver 10.25.1.2
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ½s¿è³o­ÓÀɮס]¦pªG¨S¦³ªº¸Ü´N«Ø¤@­Ó·sªº¡^¥H§e²{§Aªº ISP ´£¨Ñªº¸ê°T¡D¥¦ªº
   ¾Ö¦³ªÌ¥H¤ÎÅv­­À³¸Ó¹³¤U­±³o¼Ë:-
   
-rw-r--r--   1 root     root           73 Feb 19 01:46 /etc/resolv.conf

   ¦pªG§A¦]¬°¥»¨Ó´N¦b°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W©Ò¥H¤w¸g³]¥ß /etc/resolv.conf Àɮתº¸Ü¡A¥u
   ­n²³æªº§â PPP ³s½uªº DNS ¦øªA¾¹ IP ¸¹½X¥[¨ì§A¤w¦³ªºÀɮ׸̧Y¥i¡D
   
10.2 /etc/host.conf ÀÉ®×

   §A¤]À³¸ÓÀˬd§Aªº /etc/host.conf Àɮ׬O§_³]©w¥¿½T¡D¥¦¬Ý°_¨ÓÀ³¸Ó¹³³o¼Ë
     _________________________________________________________________
   
order hosts,bind
multi on
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¥¦§i¶D§Aªº¦WºÙ¸ÑªR¾¹¦b¦V¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¸ß°Ý¤§«e¥ý¨Ï¥Î¥D¾÷¦WºÙÀɮפ¤ªº¸ê°T¡D
   
11. ¨Ï¥Î PPP »P root Åv­­

   ¦]¬° PPP »Ý­n³]©wºô¸ô³]³Æ¡AÅܧó®Ö¤ß»¼°eªí®æ¥H¤Î½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªº°Ê§@¡A©Ò¥H¥¦»Ý
   ­n¥H root ªºÅv­­¨Ó°µ³o¨Ç¨Æ¡D
   
   ¦pªG root ¥H¥~ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ­n¯à«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u¡A¨º»ò pppd µ{¦¡À³¸Ó³]¬°¥H root
   ªº¨­¤À°õ¦æ(setuid):-
   
-rwsr-xr-x   1 root     root        95225 Jul 11 00:27 /usr/sbin/pppd

   ¦pªG /usr/sbin/ppd ¤£¬O³]©w¬°³o¼Ë¡A¨º»ò¥H root ªº¨­¤À¤U³o­Ó«ü¥O:
   
chmod u+s /usr/sbin/pppd

   ³o¼Ë¬OÅý pppd ¥H root ªºÅv­­°õ¦æ¡A§Y¨Ï¬O¥Ñ¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò°õ¦æªº¡D ³o¯àÅý¤@
   ¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ°õ¦æªº pppd ¨ã¦³¥²­nªºÅv­­«Ø¥ßºô¸ô¬É­±¤Î®Ö¤ß»¼°eªí®æ¡D
   
   ¥H root ªº¨­¤À°õ¦æªºµ{¦¡¦b¦w¥þ¤W¬O¼ç¦bªºº|¬}¡A©Ò¥H§A¹ï©ó³]©w¬°
   'setuid' ªºµ{¦¡¥²¶·«D±`¦a¤p¤ß¡D ³\¦h¦aµ{¦¡(¥]¬A pppd)¤w¸g³Q¤p¤ß¦a¼¶¼g¥H
   ±N¥Î root ªº¨­¤À°õ¦æªº¦MÀI­°¨ì³Ì§C¡A©Ò¥H³o¼Ë°µÀ³¸Ó¬O¦w¥þ¦a(¤£¹L¤£«OÃÒ)
   ¡D
   
   ®Ú¾Ú§A§Æ±æ§Aªº¨t²Î¦p¦ó¹B§@¦Ó©w¡A¯S§O¬O¦pªG§A§Æ±æ§A¨t²Î¸Ìªº¥ô¦ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£
   ¯à±Ò©l PPP ³sµ²¡A§AÀ³¸Ó§â§Aªº ppp-on/off «ü¥O½Z³]©w¬°¥þ³¡ªº¤H³£¥i¥HŪ¨ú
   ¡þ°õ¦æ¡D¡]¦pªG§Aªº PC ¥u¥Ñ§A¨Ï¥Î¨º»ò³o¼Ë¤j·§¤£¿ù¡^¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¦pªG§A¤£§Æ±æ¥ô¦ó¤H³£¯à°_©l PPP ³s½u¡]¨Ò¦p¡A§Aªº«Ä¤l¦b§Aªº Linux
   PC ¤W¦³±b¸¹¦Ó§A¤£§Æ±æ¥L­Ì¦b¨S¦³§AªººÊ·þ¤U³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô¡^¡A§A±N±o«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó
   PPP ¸s²Õ¡]½s¿è /etc/group Àɮס^¨Ã¥B:
     * ±N pppd ³]©w¬°¥H root ªºÅv­­°õ¦æ¡A¾Ö¦³ªÌ¬O root ¦Ó¸s²Õ¬O PPP¡A¦Ó¨ä
       ¥¦ªºÅv­­³£Ãö³¬¡D¥¦¬Ý°_¨ÓÀ³¸Ó¹³³o¼Ë
       
-rwsr-x---   1 root     PPP        95225 Jul 11 00:27 /usr/sbin/pppd

     * ¨Ï ppp-on/off «ü¥O½Z¥Ñ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ root ¥H¤Î¸s²Õ PPP ©Ò¾Ö¦³
     * ¨Ï ppp-of/off «ü¥O½Z¯à¥Ñ¸s²Õ PPP Ū¨ú¡þ°õ¦æ
       
  -rwxr-x---   1 root     PPP           587 Mar 14  1995 /usr/sbin/ppp-on
  -rwxr-x---   1 root     PPP           631 Mar 14  1995 /usr/sbin/ppp-off

     * Ãö³¬¨ä¥¦ªº¦s¨úÅv­­
     * §â¯à°÷°_°Ê PPP ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥[¤J /etc/group Àɮתº PPP ¸s²Õ¸Ì
       
   §Y¨Ï¦p¦¹¡A¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤´µMµLªk¥H³nÅ骺¤è¦¡¤¤¤î³sµ²¡D °õ¦æ ppp-off «ü¥O½Z
   »Ý­n root ªºÅv­­¡DµM¦ó¡A¥ô¦ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥HÃö±¼¼Æ¾Ú¾÷(©Î±N¹q¸Ü½u¥Ñ¤º±µ¦¡¼Æ
   ¾Ú¾÷©Þ¤U)¡D
   
   ¥t¥~¤@ºØ(§ó¦nªº)¿ìªk¡A¤¹³\¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ï¥Î sudo ¨Ó°_°Ê ppp ³sµ²¡D ³o¼Ë¥i¥H´£
   ¨Ñ§ó¨Îªº¦w¥þ©Ê¨Ã¥B¥i¥HÅý§A³]©wÅý¥ô¦ó(¥i«H¥ôªº)¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ï¥Î«ü¥O½Z¨Ó±Ò°Ê/µ²
   §ô³sµ²¡D ¨Ï¥Î sudo ¥i¥HÅý¤@¦ì¥i«H¥ôªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ°®²b¦Ó¦w¥þ¦a±Ò°Ê/µ²§ô PPP ³s
   µ²¡D
   
12. ³]©w PPP ³s±µÀÉ®×

   §A¥²¶·¥H root ¨­¥÷ñ¤J¨Ó«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç¥Ø¿ý¨Ã¥B½s¿è³o¨Ç³]¥ß PPP ³s½u©Ò»ÝªºÀÉ®×
   ¡A§Y¨Ï§A·QÅý©Ò¦³ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¯à¨Ï¥Î PPP¡D
   
   PPP ¨Ï¥Î´X­ÓÀɮרӫإߨó]©w PPP ³sµ²¡D³o¨ÇÀɮצb PPP 2.1.2 »P 2.2 ¤¤ªº
   ¦WºÙ»P¦ì¸m³£¤£¦P¡D
   
   ¦b PPP 2.1.2 ¤¤³o¨ÇÀɮ׬O:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/usr/sbin/pppd               # PPP °õ¦æÀÉ
/usr/sbin/ppp-on             # ¼·¸¹/³s½u«ü¥O½Z
/usr/sbin/ppp-off            # Â_½u«ü¥O½Z
/etc/ppp/options             # ©Ò¦³³s½u©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX   # µ¹¬Y¤@¯S©w³q°T°ð¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦b PPP 2.2 ¤¤³o¨ÇÀɮ׬O:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/usr/sbin/pppd                  # PPP °õ¦æÀÉ
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on         # ¼·¸¹/³s½u«ü¥O½Z
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on-dialer  # ¼·¸¹ªº chat «ü¥O½Z³¡¥÷
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-off        # Â_½u«ü¥O½Z
/etc/ppp/options                # ©Ò¦³³s½u©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX          # µ¹¬Y¤@¯S©w³q°T°ð¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   Red Hat Linux ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌÀ³ª`·N¼Ð·Çªº Red Hat 4.X ¦w¸Ë±N³o¨Ç«ü¥O½Z©ñ¦b
   /usr/doc/ppp-2.2.0f-2/scripts¡D
   
   ¦b§Aªº /etc ¥Ø¿ý¸ÌÀ³¸Ó­n¦³­Ó¥Ø¿ý:
   
drwxrwxr-x   2 root     root         1024 Oct  9 11:01 ppp

   ¦pªG¥¦¤£¦s¦bªº¸Ü ¡Ð ¥H³o¼ËªºÅv­­«Ø¥ß¥¦¡D
   
   ¦pªG³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý¤w¸g¦s¦b¡A¥¦À³¸Ó·|¥]§t¤@­ÓºÙ¬° options.tpl ªº¿ï¶µÀɮ׼˪O¡D
   ³o­ÓÀÉ®×¥]¬A¦b¤U­±¡D
   
   ¦]¬°¥¦¥]§t©Ò¦³ PPP ¿ï¶µªº¸ÑÄÀ©Ò¥H½Ð§A§â¥¦¦L¥X¨Ó¡]°t¦X pppd ªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â
   ¥U¨Ó¾\Ū±N·|¬O«Ü¦³¥Îªº¡^¡D ÁöµM§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³o­ÓÀɮק@¬° /etc/ppp/options
   Àɮתº°ò¦¡A¦ý¬O«Ø¥ß§A¦Û¤vªº¡A¨S¦³¥]§t©Ò¦³¦b³o­Ó¼ËªO¸Ìªº«ü¥Oªº¿ï¶µÀÉ®×
   ¥i¯à·|§ó¦n ¡Ð ¥¦·|µu±o¦h¦Ó¥B¤ñ¸û®e©ö¾\Ū¡þºûÅ@¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¦³¦h­Ó¦ê¦C½u¸ô¡þ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡]¨å«¬ªº¨Ò¤l¬O PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡^¡A¨º»ò«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¤@
   ¯ë¤Æªº /etc/ppp/options ÀɮסA¨ä¤¤¥]§t¨C­Ó§A´£¨Ñ¤ä´©¼·¤Jªº¦ê¦C°ð©Ò¨Ï¥Î
   ªº¦@¦P¿ï¶µ¨Ã¥B¬°¨C¤@­Ó»Ý­n­Ó§O³]©w¥H«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½uªº¦ê¦C½u¸ô³]¥ß­Ó§Oªº¿ï
   ¶µÀɮסD
   
   ³o¨ÇÀɮצW¬° options.ttyx1, options.ttyx2 ¨Ì¦¹Ãþ±À¡]¨ä¤¤ x ¬O§A¦ê¦C°ðªº
   ¾A·í¥N½X¡^¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¹ï©ó³æ¤@ PPP ³s½u¡A§A¥i¥Hª½±µ¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/options ³o­ÓÀɮסD¥t¥~
   ¤@ºØ¿ìªk¡A§A¥i¥H§â©Ò¦³ªº¿ï¶µ©ñ¶i pppd «ü¥O§@¬°°Ñ¼Æ¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/options.ttySx Àɮתº³]©w¤è¦¡·|¤ñ¸û®e©ö¥[¥HºûÅ@¡D ¦pªG§A¨Ï
   ¥Î PPP ¨Ó³s½u¨ì¦n´X­Ó¤£¦Pªº¸`ÂI¥hªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò§A´N¥i¥H¦b
   /etc/ppp/options.site ¸Ì­±¬°¨C­Ó¸`ÂI«Ø¥ß¿ï¶µÀÉ®×µM«á¦b§A³s½u®É«ü©w¿ï¶µ
   Àɮק@¬° PPP «ü¥Oªº°Ñ¼Æ¡D (¨Ï¥Î file option-file °Ñ¼Æ©ó pppd ªº«ü¥O¦C)
   ¡D
   
12.1 ´À¥Nªº options.tpl ÀÉ®×

   ¬Y¨Ç­Ó PPP ªºµo¦æ®M¥ó¦ü¥Gº|¥¢¤F options.tpl ³o­ÓÀɮסA©Ò¥H¦b³o¸Ì¦³­Ó§¹
   ¾ãªºÀɮסD §Ú«Øij§A¤£­nª½±µ½s¿è³o­ÓÀɮרӫإߧA¦Û¤vªº /etc/ppp/options
   ¡D §â¥¦«þ¨©¨ì¤@­Ó·sªºÀÉ®×µM«á½s¿è¸ÓÀɮפñ¸û¦n¡D¦pªG§A§Ë¶Ã¤F§A½s¿èªºÀÉ®×
   ¡A§A¥i¥H¦^ÀY±q­ì©lÀɮצA«×¶}©l¡D
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# /etc/ppp/options -*- sh -*- general options for pppd
# created 13-Jul-1995 jmk
# autodate: 01-Aug-1995
# autotime: 19:45

# Use the executable or shell command specified to set up the serial
# line.  This script would typically use the "chat" program to dial the
# modem and start the remote ppp session.
#connect "echo You need to install a connect command."

# Run the executable or shell command specified after pppd has
# terminated the link.  This script could, for example, issue commands
# to the modem to cause it to hang up if hardware modem control signals
# were not available.
#disconnect "chat -- \d+++\d\c OK ath0 OK"

# async character map -- 32-bit hex; each bit is a character
# that needs to be escaped for pppd to receive it.  0x00000001
# represents '\x01', and 0x80000000 represents '\x1f'.
#asyncmap 0

# Require the peer to authenticate itself before allowing network
# packets to be sent or received.
#auth

# Use hardware flow control (i.e. RTS/CTS) to control the flow of data
# on the serial port.
#crtscts

# Use software flow control (i.e. XON/XOFF) to control the flow of data
# on the serial port.
#xonxoff

# Add a default route to the system routing tables, using the peer as
# the gateway, when IPCP negotiation is successfully completed.  This
# entry is removed when the PPP connection is broken.
#defaultroute

# Specifies that certain characters should be escaped on transmission
# (regardless of whether the peer requests them to be escaped with its
# async control character map).  The characters to be escaped are
# specified as a list of hex numbers separated by commas.  Note that
# almost any character can be specified for the escape option, unlike
# the asyncmap option which only allows control characters to be
# specified.  The characters which may not be escaped are those with hex
# values 0x20 - 0x3f or 0x5e.
#escape 11,13,ff

# Don't use the modem control lines.
#local

# Specifies that pppd should use a UUCP-style lock on the serial device
# to ensure exclusive access to the device.
#lock

# Use the modem control lines.  On Ultrix, this option implies hardware
# flow control, as for the crtscts option.  (This option is not fully
# implemented.)
#modem

# Set the MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] value to <n> for negotiation.  pppd
# will ask the peer to send packets of no more than <n> bytes. The
# minimum MRU value is 128.  The default MRU value is 1500.  A value of
# 296 is recommended for slow links (40 bytes for TCP/IP header + 256
# bytes of data).
#mru 542

# Set the interface netmask to <n>, a 32 bit netmask in "decimal dot"
# notation (e.g. 255.255.255.0).
#netmask 255.255.255.0

# Disables the default behaviour when no local IP address is specified,
# which is to determine (if possible) the local IP address from the
# hostname. With this option, the peer will have to supply the local IP
# address during IPCP negotiation (unless it specified explicitly on the
# command line or in an options file).
#noipdefault

# Enables the "passive" option in the LCP.  With this option, pppd will
# attempt to initiate a connection; if no reply is received from the
# peer, pppd will then just wait passively for a valid LCP packet from
# the peer (instead of exiting, as it does without this option).
#passive

# With this option, pppd will not transmit LCP packets to initiate a
# connection until a valid LCP packet is received from the peer (as for
# the "passive" option with old versions of pppd).
#silent

# Don't request or allow negotiation of any options for LCP and IPCP
# (use default values).
#-all

# Disable Address/Control compression negotiation (use default, i.e.
# address/control field disabled).
#-ac

# Disable asyncmap negotiation (use the default asyncmap, i.e. escape
# all control characters).
#-am

# Don't fork to become a background process (otherwise pppd will do so
# if a serial device is specified).
#-detach

# Disable IP address negotiation (with this option, the remote IP
# address must be specified with an option on the command line or in an
# options file).
#-ip

# Disable magic number negotiation.  With this option, pppd cannot
# detect a looped-back line.
#-mn

# Disable MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] negotiation (use default, i.e.
# 1500).
#-mru

# Disable protocol field compression negotiation (use default, i.e.
# protocol field compression disabled).
#-pc

# Require the peer to authenticate itself using PAP.
# This requires TWO WAY authentication - do NOT use this for a standard
# PAP authenticated link to an ISP as this will require the ISP machine
# to authenticate itself to your machine (and it will not be able to).
#+pap

# Don't agree to authenticate using PAP.
#-pap

# Require the peer to authenticate itself using CHAP [Cryptographic
# Handshake Authentication Protocol] authentication.
# This requires TWO WAY authentication - do NOT use this for a standard
# CHAP authenticated link to an ISP as this will require the ISP machine
# to authenticate itself to your machine (and it will not be able to).
#+chap

# Don't agree to authenticate using CHAP.
#-chap

# Disable negotiation of Van Jacobson style IP header compression (use
# default, i.e. no compression).
#-vj

# Increase debugging level (same as -d).  If this option is given, pppd
# will log the contents of all control packets sent or received in a
# readable form.  The packets are logged through syslog with facility
# daemon and level debug. This information can be directed to a file by
# setting up /etc/syslog.conf appropriately (see syslog.conf(5)).  (If
# pppd is compiled with extra debugging enabled, it will log messages
# using facility local2 instead of daemon).
#debug

# Append the domain name <d> to the local host name for authentication
# purposes.  For example, if gethostname() returns the name porsche,
# but the fully qualified domain name is porsche.Quotron.COM, you would
# use the domain option to set the domain name to Quotron.COM.
#domain <d>

# Enable debugging code in the kernel-level PPP driver.  The argument n
# is a number which is the sum of the following values: 1 to enable
# general debug messages, 2 to request that the contents of received
# packets be printed, and 4 to request that the contents of transmitted
# packets be printed.
#kdebug n

# Set the MTU [Maximum Transmit Unit] value to <n>. Unless the peer
# requests a smaller value via MRU negotiation, pppd will request that
# the kernel networking code send data packets of no more than n bytes
# through the PPP network interface.
#mtu <n>

# Set the name of the local system for authentication purposes to <n>.
# This will probably have to be set to your ISP user name if you are
# using PAP/CHAP.
#name <n>

# Set the user name to use for authenticating this machine with the peer
# using PAP to <u>.
# Do NOT use this if you are using 'name' above!
#user <u>

# Enforce the use of the host name as the name of the local system for
# authentication purposes (overrides the name option).
#usehostname

# Set the assumed name of the remote system for authentication purposes
# to <n>.
#remotename <n>

# Add an entry to this system's ARP [Address Resolution Protocol]
# table with the IP address of the peer and the Ethernet address of this
# system.
#proxyarp

# Use the system password database for authenticating the peer using
# PAP.
#login

# If this option is given, pppd will send an LCP echo-request frame to
# the peer every n seconds. Under Linux, the echo-request is sent when
# no packets have been received from the peer for n seconds. Normally
# the peer should respond to the echo-request by sending an echo-reply.
# This option can be used with the lcp-echo-failure option to detect
# that the peer is no longer connected.
#lcp-echo-interval <n>

# If this option is given, pppd will presume the peer to be dead if n
# LCP echo-requests are sent without receiving a valid LCP echo-reply.
# If this happens, pppd will terminate the connection.  Use of this
# option requires a non-zero value for the lcp-echo-interval parameter.
# This option can be used to enable pppd to terminate after the physical
# connection has been broken (e.g., the modem has hung up) in
# situations where no hardware modem control lines are available.
#lcp-echo-failure <n>

# Set the LCP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n> seconds
# (default 3).
#lcp-restart <n>

# Set the maximum number of LCP terminate-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 3).
#lcp-max-terminate <n>

# Set the maximum number of LCP configure-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
# Some PPP servers are slow to start up. You may need to increase this
# if you keep getting 'serial line looped back' errors and your are SURE
# that you have logged in correctly and PPP should be starting on the server.
#lcp-max-configure <n>

# Set the maximum number of LCP configure-NAKs returned before starting
# to send configure-Rejects instead to <n> (default 10).
#lcp-max-failure <n>

# Set the IPCP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n>
# seconds (default 3).
#ipcp-restart <n>

# Set the maximum number of IPCP terminate-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 3).
#ipcp-max-terminate <n>

# Set the maximum number of IPCP configure-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
#ipcp-max-configure <n>

# Set the maximum number of IPCP configure-NAKs returned before starting
# to send configure-Rejects instead to <n> (default 10).
#ipcp-max-failure <n>

# Set the PAP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n> seconds
# (default 3).
#pap-restart <n>

# Set the maximum number of PAP authenticate-request transmissions to
# <n> (default 10).
#pap-max-authreq <n>

# Set the CHAP restart interval (retransmission timeout for
# challenges) to <n> seconds (default 3).
#chap-restart <n>

# Set the maximum number of CHAP challenge transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
#chap-max-challenge

# If this option is given, pppd will re-challenge the peer every <n>
# seconds.
#chap-interval <n>

# With this option, pppd will accept the peer's idea of our local IP
# address, even if the local IP address was specified in an option.
#ipcp-accept-local

# With this option, pppd will accept the peer's idea of its (remote) IP
# address, even if the remote IP address was specified in an option.
#ipcp-accept-remote
     _________________________________________________________________
   
12.2 §ÚÀ³¸Ó¨Ï¥Î¤°»ò¿ï¶µ? (µL PAP/CHAP)

   ¶â¡A§¹¥þµø±¡ªp¦Ó©w¡]­ü¡^¡D³o¸Ì©Ò´£¨ÑªºÀ³¸Ó¾A¥Î©ó¤j³¡¥÷ªº¦øªA¾¹¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¦pªG¥¦µLªk¹B§@ªº¸Ü¡A¾\Ū¼ËªOÀÉ(/etc/ppp/options.tpl) ¥H¤Î pppd ªº
   ½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¨Ã¥B§i¶D§A©Ò³s½u¤§¦øªA¾¹ªº¨t²ÎºÞ²z¡þ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤ä´©¤H­û¡D
   
   §AÁÙÀ³¸Óª`·N³o¸Ì©Ò®i¥Üªº³sµ²«ü¥O½Z¤]¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@¨Çµ¹ pppd ªº©R¥O¦C¿ï¶µ¥H«K
   Åý¨Æ±¡®e©ö½Õ¾ã¨Ç¡D
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# /etc/ppp/options (NO PAP/CHAP)
#
# ÁקK pppd ¶i¤J­I´º°õ¦æ
-detach
#
# ¨Ï¥Î¼Æ¾Ú¾÷±±¨î½u
modem
# ¨Ï¥Î uucp §ÎºAªºÂê©wÀÉ¥HÁקK¥¦¤H¨ú¥Î¦ê¦C¸Ë¸m
lock
# ¨Ï¥ÎµwÅé¬y¶q±±¨î
crtscts
# ¦b»¼°eªí®æ¤¤±N¦¹³sµ²«Ø¥ß¬°¹w³]»¼°e¸Ë¸m
defaultroute
# ¤£¨Ï¥Î¥ô¦ó"¶h¥X"±±¨î§Ç¦C
asyncmap 0
# ³Ì¤j¶Ç°e«Ê¥]¤j¤p¬° 552 bytes
mtu 552
# ³Ì¤j±µ¦¬«Ê¥]¤j¤p¬° 552 bytes
mru 552
#
#-------END OF SAMPLE /etc/ppp/options (no PAP/CHAP)
     _________________________________________________________________
   
13. ¦pªG§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î PAP »{ÃÒ(Password Authentication Protocol)

   ¦pªG§A³s±µªº¦øªA¾¹»Ý­n PAP ©Î CHAP »{ÃÒ¡A§A»Ý­n¦h¤@ÂIªº¤u§@¡D
   
   ¦b¤W­±ªº¿ï¶µÀɮפ¤¡A¥[¤W¤U­±´X¦æ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#
# §i¶D pppd ¨Ï¥Î§Aªº ISP ¦WºÙ°µ¬°»{ÃÒ¹Lµ{¤¤ªº"¥D¾÷¦WºÙ"
name <your ISP user name>    # §A»Ý­n§ïÅܳo¤@¦æ
#
# ¦pªG§A°õ¦æ PPP *¦øªA¾¹* ¨Ã¥B»Ý­n¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP »{ÃÒ¡A¾A·í°£¥h¤U­±ªº
# µù¸Ñ¡D¤£­n¦b§A°µ¬°«È¤áºÝ³s¤W¦øªA¾¹®É¨Ï¥Î¦¹¿ï¶µ(§Y¨Ï¥¦¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP)
# ¦]¬°³o¬O§i¶D¦øªA¾¹¥²¶·¬°¥¦¦Û¤v¦b§Aªº¾÷¾¹¤W´£¨Ñ»{ÃÒ(³o´X¥G¬O¤£¥i¯àªº¡A
# ©Ò¥H³sµ²·|¥¢±Ñ)¡D
#+chap
#+pap
#
# ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î¦b /etc/ppp/pap-secrets Àɮפ¤¸g½s½Xªº±K½X¡A°£¥h¤U­±¤@¦æªºµù¸Ñ¡D
# ª`·N: ³o©M Windows NT ¤Wªº»·ºÝ¦s¨úªA°È¸Ìªº·L³n½s½X±K½X¬O¤£¦Pªº¡D
#+papcrypt
     _________________________________________________________________
   
13.1 ¨Ï¥Î MSCHAP

   ·L³nªº Windows NT »·ºÝ¦s¨úªA°È(RAS)¥i¥H³Q³]©w¬°¨Ï¥Î¤@ºØ
   CHAP(Challenge/Handshake Authentication Protocol) ªºÅܺءD ¦b§Aªº PPP
   ­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¤¤¡A§A¥i¥H§ä¨ì¤@­Ó¥s README.MSCHAP80 ªºÀÉ®×°Q½×³o¥ó¨Æ¡D
   
   §A¥i¥H¶}±Ò pppd ªº°»¿ù¥\¯à§PÂ_¦øªA¾¹¬O§_­n¨D¨Ï¥Î¦¹»{ÃÒ¨ó©w¡D ¦pªG¦øªA¾¹
   ¨Ï¥Î MS CHAP »{ÃÒ¡A§A·|¬Ý¨ì³o¼Ëªº¤@¦æ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0x2 <asyncmap 0x0> <auth chap 80> <magic 0x46a3>]
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ÃöÁ䪺°T®§¬O auth chap 80¡D
   
   ¬°¤F¨Ï¥Î MS CHAP¡A§A¥²¶·­«·s½sĶ pppd ¥H¤ä´©¦¹¨ó©w¡D ½Ð°Ñ¨£ PPP ­ì©lµ{
   ¦¡½X¤¤ªº README.MSCHAP80 »¡©ú¦p¦ó½sĶ¥H¨Ï¥Î¦¹Åܺبó©w¡D
   
   §AÁÙ­nª`·N³o¸Ìªºµ{¦¡½X¥u¬OÅý Linux PPP °µ¬°«È¤áºÝ³s±µ¤W MS Windows NT
   ¦øªA¾¹¥Îªº¡D ¥¦¨Ã¤£¤ä´©±N Linux ³]¥ß¬°Åý«È¤áºÝ¨Ï¥Î MSCHAP80 »{ÃÒ PPP ¦ø
   ªA¾¹¡D
   
13.2 PAP/CHAP ±K½XÀÉ®×

   ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP »{ÃÒ¡A§A¥²¶·«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç±K½XÀɮסD¥¦­Ì¬O:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
/etc/ppp/chap-secrets
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o¨ÇÀÉ®×¾Ö¦³ªÌ¥²¶·¬° root¡A¸s²Õ¬° root¡A¦P®É¬°¤F¦w¥þÀÉ®×Åv­­À³¬° 740¡D
   
   Ãö©ó PAP »P CHAP ²Ä¤@ÂI­n«ü¥Xªº¬O¥¦­Ì¬O³]­p¥Î¨Ó»{ÃÒ¹q¸£¨t²Î¦Ó¤£¬O¨Ï¥ÎªÌ
   ªº¡D
   
   "¶â? ¦³¤°»ò¤£¦P©O?" §ÚÅ¥¨ì§A¦b°Ý¡D
   
   ®@¡A¤@¥¹§Aªº¹q¸£«Ø¥ß»P¦øªA¾¹«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u¡A§A¨t²Î¤Wªº¥ô¦ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥H¨Ï
   ¥Î¦¹³s½u - ¤£¥u¬O§A¦Ó¤w¡D ³o¤]¬O¬°¦ó§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î PPP ±N¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô(LAN)
   ³s±µ°_¨Ó«Ø¥ß¤@¼s°ìºô¸ô(WAN)ªº­ì¦]¡D
   
   PAP (ÁÙ¦³ CHAP ¤]¬O)»Ý­nÂù¦V»{ÃÒ - ¤]´N¬O¨C¤@¹q¸£»Ý­n¤@­Ó¦Xªkªº¦WºÙ»P±K
   ½X¦b¥t¤@¹q¸£¤W¡D µM¦Ó¡A³o¨Ã¤£¬O¤j³¡¥÷´£¨Ñ¼·±µ¦¡ PAP »{ÃÒ³s±µªº PPP ¦øªA
   ¾¹¹B§@ªº¤è¦¡¡D
   
   ¤]´N¬O»¡¡A§Aªº ISP ¥i¯à·|µ¹§A¤@­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ»P±K½X¥H¤¹³\§A³s±µ¨ì¥L­Ìªº¨t
   ²Î¶i¦Ó³s±µ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¡D §Aªº ISP ¹ï©ó§A¹q¸£ªº¦WºÙ¤@ÂI¤]¤£·P¿³½ì¡A¦]¦¹
   §A¥i¯à¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î§A¦b ISP ¤Wªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ°µ¬°§A¹q¸£ªº¦WºÙ¡D
   
   ³oÂI­n¨Ï¥Î pppd ¿ï¶µªº name user name ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡D ¦]¦¹¡A¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î§A ISP
   µ¹§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡A¥[¤W³o¤@¦æ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
name your_user name_at_your_ISP
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¨ì§Aªº /etc/ppp/options Àɮפ¤¡D
   
   ±q§Þ³N¤W¨Ó»¡¡APAP ¨ä¹êÀ³¸Ó­n¨Ï¥Î user our_user name_at_your_ISP ³o­Ó¿ï
   ¶µ¡A¦ý¬O¦pªG¨Ï¥Î¨ì PAP ªº¸Ü¨º»ò pppd Áo©úªº¨¬¥H§â name ¸ÑĶ¬° user¡D ¨Ï
   ¥Î name ³o­Ó¿ï¶µªº¦n³B¬O³o¹ï©ó CHAP ¤]¬O¦³®Äªº¡D
   
   ¦]¬° PAP/CHAP ¬O¥Î¨ÓÅç»{¹q¸£ªº¡A¦b§Þ³N¤W§A¤]»Ý­n«ü©w»·ºÝ¹q¸£ªº¦WºÙ¡D µM
   ¦Ó¡A¤j³¡¤Àªº¤H¥u±µ¤@®a ISP ©Ò¥H§A¥i¥H¦b±K½XÀɸ̪º»·ºÝ¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¨Ï¥Î³q¥Î¦r
   ¤¸(*) ¡D
   
   ³\¦h ISP ¦³¦h­Ó¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¼·±µ¤¤¤ß³s±µ¨ì¤£¦Pªº²×ºÝ¾÷¦øªA¾¹ ¡Ð ¨C­Ó²×ºÝ¾÷¦øªA
   ¾¹³£¦³¤£¦Pªº¦WºÙ¡A¦ý³£±q³æ¤@ªº¡]¦Û°ÊÂà½u¡^¸¹½X¼·±µ¡D ¦b¬Y¨Ç±¡§Î¤U¥i¯à¦]
   ¦¹¦Ó«Ü¤£®e©ö¹w¥ýª¾¹D»·ºÝ¹q¸£ªº¦WºÙ!
   
13.3 PAP ±K½XÀÉ

   /etc/ppp/pap-secrets ³o­ÓÀɮ׬ݰ_¨Ó¹³
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# Secrets for authentication using PAP
# client        server       secret     acceptable_local_IP_addresses
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o¥|­ÓÄæ¦ì¬O¥HªÅ¥Õ¤À¬É¦Ó¥B³Ì«á¤@¶µ¥i¥H¬OªÅ¥Õ(¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î°ÊºA IP ©Î¥Ñ§Aªº
   ISP ©Ò´£¨ÑªºÀRºA IP)¡D
   
   °²©w§Aªº ISP µ¹§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬O fred ¦Ó±K½X¬O flintstone ªº¸Ü¨º»ò§AÀ³¸Ó
   ¦b /etc/ppp/options[.ttySx] ¸Ì³]©w name fred ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¨Ã¥B§â§Aªº
   /etc/ppp/pap-secrets Àɮ׳]¦¨¤U­±³o¼Ë
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# Secrets for authentication using PAP
# client        server  secret          acceptable local IP addresses
fred            *       flintstone
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o¬O»¡¹ï©ó fred ³o­Ó¥»¦a¾÷¾¹¦WºÙ¡]§Ú­Ì¤w¸g§i¶D¹L pppd ¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó¦WºÙ¡A§Y
   ¨Ï³o¤£¬O§Ú­Ì¥»¦a¾÷¾¹ªº¦WºÙ¤]¤@¼Ë¡^¥H¤Î¥ô¦óªº¦øªA¾¹¡A³£¨Ï¥Î flintstone
   ³o­Ó±K½X¡]·t½X¡^¡D
   
   ª`·N¨ì§Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£»Ý­n«ü©w¥»¦aªº IP ¦ì§}¡A°£«D¦³­n¨D­n§Ú­Ì¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó¯S©wªº¡A
   ©T©wªº IP ¦ì§}¡D §Y¨Ï§A¸ÕµÛ¥Î¤@©T©wªº IP¡A³o¤]¤£¤j¥i¯à¦æ±o³q¦]¬°¹ï©ó¤j
   ³¡¥÷ªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹(¬°¤F¦w¥þªº²z¥Ñ)¤£¤¹³\»·ºÝ¨t²Î¦Û¦æ«ü©w IP ¸¹½X¡D
   
13.4 CHAP ±K½XÀÉ

   ¥Ø«eªº pppd ª©¥»­n¨D§A­n¦³¤¬¬ÛÅç»{ªº¤èªk ¡Ð ³o¬O»¡§A¥²¶·¯à°÷Åý±q§Aªº¾÷
   ¾¹¨ì»·ºÝ¦øªA¾¹¥H¤Î±q»·ºÝ¦øªA¾¹¨ì§Aªº¾÷¾¹³o¨âºØÅç»{³£¯à¶i¦æ¡D
   
   ©Ò¥H¡A¦pªG§Aªº¾÷¾¹¬O fred ¦Ó»·ºÝ¬O barney ªº¸Ü¡A«h¦b¥¦­Ì­Ó§Oªº
   /etc/ppp/options.ttySx ¸Ì§Aªº³]¬° name fred remotename barney ¦Ó»·ºÝ¾÷
   ¾¹À³³]¬° name barney remotename fred¡D
   
   fred ³o¥x¾÷¾¹ªº /etc/ppp/chap-secrets Àɮ׬ݰ_¨Ó·|¹³
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# Secrets for authentication using CHAP
# client        server  secret            acceptable local IP addresses
fred            barney  flintstone
barney          fred    wilma
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦Ó barney ªº¬O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
# Secrets for authentication using CHAP
# client        server  secret            acceptable local IP addresses
barney          fred    flintstone
fred            barney  wilma
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¯S§O­nª`·Nªº¬OÂù¤è¾÷¾¹³£¥²¶·¨ã¦³Âù¦V»{ÃÒªº¶µ¥Ø¡D³o¤¹³\¥»¦aªº¾÷¾¹¦V»·ºÝ
   ¾÷¾¹»{ÃÒ¥¦¦Û¤v¨Ã¥BÅý»·¦a¾÷¾¹¦V¥»¦a¾÷¾¹»{ÃÒ¥¦¦Û¤v¡D
   
13.5 ³B²z¦h­« PAP »{ÃÒ³s±µ

   ¤@¨Ç¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¾Ö¦³¦h©ó¤@³¡¨Ï¥Î PAP ªº¦øªA¾¹¥i³s½u¡D ¦pªG§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¦b¨C
   ³¡§A·Q³s±µªº¾÷¾¹¤W³£¤£¦P¡A³o¨Ã¤£¬O°ÝÃD¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A³\¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦b¨â­Ó¨t²Î(©ÎªÌ¬Æ¦Ü¬O¥þ³¡)¤W¨ã¦³¬Û¦Pªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡D ³o¦b
   ±q /etc/ppp/pap-secrets ¤¤¥¿½T¦a¿ï¾Ü¾A·í¤@¦æ®É·|¦³°ÝÃD¡D
   
   ¦p§A©Ò®Æ¦a¡APPP ´£¨Ñ¤@ºØ¾÷¨î¥H§JªA¦¹¦]Ãø¡D PPP ¤¹³\§A¨Ï¥Î remotename ¿ï
   ¶µ¬°»·ºÝ¦øªA¾¹³]©w¤@­Ó"°²·Q¦WºÙ"¡D
   
   °²³]§A³s±µ¨ì¨â³¡ PPP ¦øªA¾¹³£¨Ï¥Î¦WºÙ fred¡D§A¥H¦¹¤è¦¡«Ø¥ß
   /etc/ppp/pap-secrets ÀÉ®×
     _________________________________________________________________
   
fred    pppserver1      barney
fred    pppserver2      wilma
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦p¦¹¡A¦b»P pppserver1 ³s½u®É§A¦b pppd ¿ï¶µ¤¤¨Ï¥Î name fred remotename
   pppserver1 ¨Ã¦b³s½u pppserver2 ®É¨Ï¥Î name fred remotename pppserver2¡D
   
   ¦]¬°§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¦b pppd ¨Ï¥Î file filename ¥H«ü©w ppp ¿ï¶µ¡A§A¥i¥H«Ø¥ß¤@
   «ü¥O½Z¥H³s±µ¨ì¨C³¡ PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡A¥¿½T¦a¨ú¥Î¿ï¶µÀɮרåB¿ï¾Ü¥¿½Tªº
   remotename ¿ï¶µ¡D
   
14. ¥H¤â°Ê¤è¦¡«Ø¥ß PPP ³sµ²

   ²{¦b§A¤w¸g«Ø¥ß§Aªº /etc/ppp/options ¥H¤Î /etc/resolv.conf Àɮס]¥H¤Î¡A
   ¦pªG¦³»Ý­n¡AÁÙ¦³ /etc/ppp/pap|chap-secrets Àɮס^¡A§A¥i¥HÂǥѤâ°Ê³]¥ß
   PPP ³s½u¨Ó´ú¸Õ³o¨Ç³]©w¡]¤@¥¹§Ú­Ì¨Ï¤â°Ê³s½u¯à¹B§@¡A§Ú­Ì±N·|¦Û°Ê¤Æ¸Ó¹Lµ{
   ¡^¡D
   
   ­n°µ³o¥ó¨Æ¡A§Aªº³q°T³nÅ饲¶·¯à¦b¤£­«¸m§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº±¡ªp¤Uµ²§ô¡D Minicom
   ¥i¥H°µ¨ì ¡Ð ALT Q ¡]©ÎªÌ¦b¤ñ¸ûªº minicom ª©¥»¬O¨Ï¥Î CTRL A Q¡^¡D
   
   ½T©w§A¥H root ñ¤J¡D
   
   ±Ò°Ê§Aªº³q°T³nÅé¡]¹³¬O minicom¡^¡A¼·±µ¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¥B¹³¥­±`¤@¼ËªºÃ±¤J
   ¡D ¦pªG§A»Ý­nµo¥X¬Y­Ó«ü¥O¨Ó°_°Ê¦øªAºÝ¤Wªº PPP¡A¨º»ò´N°µ§a¡D§A±N·|¬Ý¨£§A
   ¥H«e¬Ý¹Lªº©U§£¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¥u¬O³s½u¨ì»·ºÝ¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N·|°_°Ê¦b»·ºÝ¤W
   ªº PPP ¦Ó¥B§A±N¦b¨S¦³Ã±¤Jªº±¡ªp¤U´N¨£¨ì³o¨Ç©U§£¡]ÁöµM³o¦b¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹¤W¤£
   ·|µo¥Í - ¸ÕµÛ«ö¤U Enter ¬Ý¬Ý¯à§_¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç©U§£¡^¡D
   
   ²{¦b¡A¦b¤£­n­«¸m¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº±¡ªp¤Uµ²§ô³q°T³nÅé(¦b minicom ¨Ï¥Î ALT Q ©Î
   CTL A Q)¨Ã¥B¦b Linux ªº´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤U¡]¥H root ªº¨­¤À¡^Áä¤J
     _________________________________________________________________
   
pppd -d -detach /dev/ttySx 38400 &
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   -d ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¶}±Ò°»¿ù¥\¯à ¡Ð ppp ³s½u°_°Ê®Éªº¡¨¥æ½Í¡¨±N·|°O¿ý¨ì§Aªº¨t²Î°O
   ¿ý¸Ì¥h ¡Ð ¦pªG§A¹J¤W³Â·Ð³o·|«Ü¦³¥Îªº¡D
   
   §A¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº¿O²{¦bÀ³¸Ó­n°{Ã{¡A¦]¬°­n«Ø¥ß PPP ³s½u¡DPPP ³s½uªº«Ø¥ß±N·|ªáÂI
   ®É¶¡¡D
   
   ¦¹®É§A¥i¥HÆ[¹î PPP ¬É­±¡AÂǥѵo¥X³o­Ó«ü¥O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ifconfig
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦b§A©Ò¾Ö¦³ªº¥ô¦ó¤A¤Óºô¸ô¥H¤Î¦^±Â³]³Æ¤§¥~¡A§AÀ³¸Ó·|¬Ý¨£¹³³o¼Ëªº¸ê°T:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ppp0     Link encap:Point-Point Protocol
         inet addr:10.144.153.104  P-t-P:10.144.153.51 Mask:255.255.255.0
         UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING  MTU:552  Metric:1
         RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
         TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¨ä¤¤
     * inet addr:10.144.153.10 ¬O¸Ó³sµ²¤¤§A³oºÝªº IP ¸¹½X¡D
     * P-t-P:10.144.153.5 ¬O¦øªAºÝªº IP ¸¹½X¡D
       
   (¦ÛµM¡A ifconfig ¤£·|³ø§i³o¨Ç IP ¸¹½X¡A¦Ó¬O§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¤W¨Ï¥Îªº¡D)
   
   ª`·N: ifconfig ¤]§i¶D§A¸Ó³sµ²¤w¸g°_°Ê¨Ã¥B¥¿¦b°õ¦æ!
   
   ¦pªG¨S¦³ ppp ¸Ë¸m¦C¥X©Î±o¨ìªº¬O¹³³o¼Ëªº¸ê°T:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ppp0     Link encap:Point-Point Protocol
         inet addr:0.0.0.0  P-t-P:0.0.0.0  Mask:0.0.0.0
         POINTOPOINT  MTU:1500  Metric:1
         RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
         TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   §Aªº PPP ³s½u¨Ã¨S¦³«Ø¥ß... °Ñ¾\µy«á¦³Ãö¿ù»~±Æ°£ªº³¹¸`!
   
   §AÁÙ¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì³o³¡»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹(¤Î¨ä«áªº)ªº»¼°e¸ô®|¡D­n°µ¨ì³oÂI¡A¤U³o­Ó«ü¥O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
route -n
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   §AÀ³¸Ó¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
Kernel routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags MSS    Window Use Iface
10.144.153.3    *               255.255.255.255 UH    1500   0        1 ppp0
127.0.0.0       *               255.0.0.0       U     3584   0       11 lo
10.0.0.0        *               255.0.0.0       U     1500   0       35 eth0
default         10.144.153.3    *               UG    1500   0        5 ppp0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¯S§Oª`·N³o¸Ì¡A§Ú­Ì¦³¨â­Ó¶µ¥Ø«ü¨ì§Ú­Ìªº ppp ¸Ë¸m¡D
   
   ²Ä¤@¶µ¬O¥D¾÷»¼°e(¥H H ºX¸¹ªí¥Ü)¨Ã¥B¤¹³\§Ú­Ì¬Ý¨ì³o³¡§Ú­Ì¥¿¦b³s±µªº¥D¾÷
   - ¦ý¦A¨Ó´N¨S¦³¤F¡D
   
   ²Ä¤G¶µ¬O¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|(¥Ñ pppd ªº defaultroute ¿ï¶µ©Ò«Ø¥ßªº)¡D ³o¥÷»¼°e¸ô
   ®|§i¶D§Ú­Ìªº Linux PC ±N¥ô¦ó¤£¦b¤º³¡¤A¤Óºô¸ôªº«Ê¥]°e¨ì¨º¸Ì - ¨ì§Ú­Ì«ü©w
   ªººô¸ô - ¤]´N¬O¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥»¨­¡D ¦Ó PPP ¦øªA¾¹¦³³d¥ô¬°§Ú­Ì±N«Ê¥]»¼°e
   ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¨Ã±N¦^À³ªº«Ê¥]°e¦^µ¹§Ú­Ì¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¦b»¼°eªí®æ¤¤¨S¬Ý¨ì¨â­Ó¶µ¥Ø¡A¦³¨Ç¨Æ¤£¹ï«l¡D ¯S§O¬O¦pªG§Aªº¨t²Î°O
   ¿ý(syslog)Åã¥Ü¤@°T®§§i¶D§A pppd µLªk¨ú¥N¤w¦s¦bªº¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|¡A¨º»ò§A¤w
   ¦³¤@¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|«ü¦V§Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¬É­± - ¦Ó³o¥²¶·¥Ñ«ü©wªººô¸ô»¼°e¨Ó¨ú¥N:
   §A¥u¯à¦³¤@­Ó¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|!!!
   
   §A¥²¶·Àˬd¤@¤U§A¨t²Îªº°_©lÀÉ®×¥H§ä¥X¹w³]»¼°e¬O¦b¨º¸Ì«Ø¥ßªº(³o¬O¥Ñ
   route add default... «ü¥O«ü©wªº)¡D ±N¥¦§ï¦¨¹³³o¼Ëªº route add net...¡D
   
   ²{¦bÂÇ¥Ñ ifconfig ¤§¿é¥X©Ò¦^³øªº IP ¸¹½X¨Ó 'ping' ¤@¤U¸Ó¦øªA¾¹¥H´ú¸Õ³o
   ­Ó³sµ²¡A¹³³o¼Ë
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ping 10.144.153.51
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   §AÀ³¸Ó·|±µ¦¬¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº¿é¥X
     _________________________________________________________________
   
PING 10.144.153.51 (10.144.153.51): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=328.3 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=190.5 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=187.5 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=170.7 ms
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o±N·|¤@ª½¦C¦L¤U¥h ¡Ð «ö¤U CTRL C ²×¤î¥¦¡A¨º®É§A±N·|±µ¦¬¨ì§ó¦h°T®§:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
--- 10.144.153.51 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 170.7/219.2/328.3 ms
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¨ì¥Ø«e³£«Ü¦n¡D
   
   ²{¦b¸ÕµÛÂǥѦWºÙ ping ¬Y¥x¥D¾÷¡]¤£¬O PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥¦¦Û¤vªº¦WºÙ¡A¦Ó¬O¦b¥t¤@
   ­Ó¦a¤èªº¤@¥x§Aª¾¹D¥i¯à¤w¸g°_°Ê¦Ó¥B¥¿¦b¹B§@ªº¥D¾÷¡^¡D¨Ò¦p
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ping sunsite.unc.edu
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o®É·|¦³¤@ÂI°±¹y¡A¦]¬° Linux ±q§A¦b /etc/resolv.conf ¸Ì«ü©wªº DNS ¨ú±o
   §A­n 'ping' ªº§¹¾ã¥D¾÷¦WºÙ©Ò¹ïÀ³ªº IP ¦ì§} ¡Ð ©Ò¥H¤£­n¾á¤ß¡]¦ý¬O§A±N·|
   ¬Ý¨£§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¿O¸¹°{Ã{¡^¡D ¦bµu¼Èªº®É¶¡«á§A±N·|±µ¦¬¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº¿é¥X
     _________________________________________________________________
   
 PING sunsite.unc.edu (152.2.254.81): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=190.1 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=180.6 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=169.8 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=170.6 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=170.6 ms
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦A¤@¦¸¡AÂǥѫö¤U CTRL C ²×¤î¿é¥X¨Ã¨ú±o²Î­p¸ê®Æ...
     _________________________________________________________________
   
--- sunsite.unc.edu ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 169.8/176.3/190.1 ms
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦pªG§A¨S¦³¦¬¨ì¥ô¦ó¦^À³¡A¸ÕµÛ ping ¤@¤U§Aªº ISP ´£¨Ñªº DNS ªº IP ¦ì§}¡D
   ¦pªG§A±q³o¸Ì±o¨ìªÖ©wªºµ²ªG¡A¨º»ò¬Ý°_¨Ó°ÝÃD¦b§Aªº /etc/resolv.conf ÀÉ®×
   ¸Ì¡D
   
   ¦pªG³o¼Ë·|¨S¦³µ²ªG¡A°ÝÃD¥X¦bºô¸ô»¼°e¤W¡A©ÎªÌ¬O§Aªº ISP ¦b±N«Ê¥]»¼°e¦^µ¹
   §A®É¥X¤F°ÝÃD¡D Àˬd¤W­±ªº»¼°eªí®æ¡A¦pªG¨S°ÝÃD¡A©M§Aªº ISP Ápµ¸¡D¤@­Ó´ú
   ¸Õ ISP ªº¦n¤èªk¬O¥Î¥t¤@ºØ§@·~¨t²Î¨Ó³s±µ¡D ¦pªG³o¼Ë´N¥i¥H°Ê¡A¨º»ò°ÝÃD´N
   ¦b§A³oÃä¡D
   
   ¦pªG¤@¤Á¥¿±`¡AÂÇ¥ÑÁä¤J³o­Ó«ü¥O²×¤î¸Ó³s½u
     _________________________________________________________________
   
ppp-off
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¤@¬qµu¼Èªº°±¹y¤§«á¡A¼Æ¾Ú¾÷À³¸Ó·|¦Û¤v±¾Â_¹q¸Ü
   
   ¦pªG³o­Ó«ü¥OµLªk°Ê§@ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¤£¬OÃö±¼§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷´N¬O°_°Ê§Aªº³q°T³nÅé¨Ã
   ¥B¥H +++ ¤¤Â_¼Æ¾Ú¾÷µM«á·í§A±µ¦¬¨ì¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº OK ´£¥Ü®É¥H ATH0 ±¾Â_¹q¸Ü¡D
   
   §A¥i¯à¤]±o²M°£ pppd ©Ò«Ø¥ßªºÂê©wÀÉ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
rm -f /var/lock/LCK..ttySx
     _________________________________________________________________
   
15. ¨Ï§Aªº³sµ²¦Û°Ê¤Æ - ³Ð³y³sµ²«ü¥O½Z

   ¤@¥¹§A¥i¥H¥Î¤W­zªº¤èªk¥Î¤â°Ê¤è¦¡Ã±¤J¡A§ó¦nªº°µªk¬O«Ø¥ß¤@¨Ç«ü¥O½Z¨Ó¦Û°Ê
   ¬°§A¶i¦æ³o¨Ç¤u§@¡D
   
   ¤@¥÷ chat «ü¥O½Z¥i¥H¦Û°Ê¤Æñ¤J¥H¤Î°_°Ê PPP ªºµ{§Ç¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³§A±o°µªº¡]¥H
   root ©Î¬O ppp ¸s²Õ²Õ­ûªº¨­¤À¡^¥u¬Oµo¥X³æ¤@­Ó«ü¥O¨Ó°_°Ê§Aªº³s½u¡D
   
15.1 ¥H¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡þ±K½X»{ÃÒªº«ü¥O½Z

   ¦pªG§Aªº ISP ¨Ã¤£­n¨D¨Ï¥Î PAP/CHAP ªº¸Ü¡A³o¨Ç´N¬O¬°§A·Ç³Æªº!
   
   ¦pªG ppp ®M¥ó¦w¸Ë¥¿½T¡A§AÀ³¸Ó·|¦³¨â­Ó½d¨ÒÀɮסD ¦b PPP 2.1.2 ¤¤¬O¦b
   /usr/sbin ¦Ó¦b PPP 2.2 ¸Ì¬O¦b /etc/ppp/scripts¡D³o¨Ç¬O
   
   ¦b PPP-2.1.2
   
ppp-on
ppp-off

   ¦Ó¦b PPP-2.2
   
ppp-off
ppp-on
ppp-on-dialer

   ²{¦b¡A¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Î PPP 2.1.2¡A§Ú±j¯P«Øij§A§R°£³o¨Ç½d¨ÒÀɮסD ¥¦­Ì¦³¼ç
   ¦bªº°ÝÃD - ¤£­n§i¶D§Ú¥¦­Ì¤u§@±o«Ü¦n - §Ú¤]¥Î¤F«Üªø¤@¬q®É¶¡(¦Ó¥BÁÙ¦b³o¥÷
   HOWTO ªº²Ä¤@ª©¤¤±ÀÂË¥¦­Ì)!
   
   ¬°¤F ppp 2.1.2 ¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºÅv¯q¡A³o¸Ì¦³¤ñ¸û¦nªº¼ËªOÀɮסA³o¨Ç¬O±q ppp 2.2
   µo¦æ®M¥ó¸Ì®³¨Óªº¡D §Ú«Øij§A«þ¨©¨Ã¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç«ü¥O½Z¦Ó¤£­n¦A¥Îªº
   PPP-2.1.2 «ü¥O½Z¡D
   
15.2 ppp-on «ü¥O½Z

   ³o¬O¹ê»Ú±Ò°Ê³s½uªº¤@¹ï«ü¥O½Z¤¤ªº²Ä¤@­Ó¡D
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#!/bin/sh
#
# Script to initiate a PPP connection. This is the first part of the
# pair of scripts. This is not a secure pair of scripts as the codes
# are visible with the 'ps' command.  However, it is simple.
#
# These are the parameters. Change as needed.
TELEPHONE=555-1212      # The telephone number for the connection
ACCOUNT=george          # The account name for logon (as in 'George Burns')
PASSWORD=gracie         # The password for this account (and 'Gracie Allen')
LOCAL_IP=0.0.0.0        # Local IP address if known. Dynamic = 0.0.0.0
REMOTE_IP=0.0.0.0       # Remote IP address if desired. Normally 0.0.0.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0   # The proper netmask if needed
#
# Export them so that they will be available to 'ppp-on-dialer'
export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD
#
# This is the location of the script which dials the phone and logs
# in.  Please use the absolute file name as the $PATH variable is not
# used on the connect option.  (To do so on a 'root' account would be
# a security hole so don't ask.)
#
DIALER_SCRIPT=/etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer
#
# Initiate the connection
#
#
exec /usr/sbin/pppd debug /dev/ttySx 38400 \
        $LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \
        connect $DIALER_SCRIPT
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦Ó³o¬O ppp-on-dialer «ü¥O½Z:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#!/bin/sh
#
# This is part 2 of the ppp-on script. It will perform the connection
# protocol for the desired connection.
#
/usr/sbin/chat -v                                       \
        TIMEOUT         3                               \
        ABORT           '\nBUSY\r'                      \
        ABORT           '\nNO ANSWER\r'                 \
        ABORT           '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r'    \
        ''              \rAT                            \
        'OK-+++\c-OK'   ATH0                            \
        TIMEOUT         30                              \
        OK              ATDT$TELEPHONE                  \
        CONNECT         ''                              \
        ogin:--ogin:    $ACCOUNT                        \
        assword:        $PASSWORD
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦b PPP-2.2 ¤¤¡Appp-off «ü¥O½Z¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#!/bin/sh
######################################################################
#
# Determine the device to be terminated.
#
if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
        DEVICE=ppp0
else
        DEVICE=$1
fi

######################################################################
#
# If the ppp0 pid file is present then the program is running. Stop it.
if [ -r /var/run/$DEVICE.pid ]; then
        kill -INT `cat /var/run/$DEVICE.pid`
#
# If the kill did not work then there is no process running for this
# pid. It may also mean that the lock file will be left. You may wish
# to delete the lock file at the same time.
        if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]; then
                rm -f /var/run/$DEVICE.pid
                echo "ERROR: Removed stale pid file"
                exit 1
        fi
#
# Success. Let pppd clean up its own junk.
        echo "PPP link to $DEVICE terminated."
        exit 0
fi
#
# The ppp process is not running for ppp0
echo "ERROR: PPP link is not active on $DEVICE"
exit 1
     _________________________________________________________________
   
15.3 ½s¿è³o¸Ì©Ò´£¨Ñªº°_©l«ü¥O½Z

   ¦]¬°³o¥÷·sªº«ü¥O½Z¤À¦¨¨â³¡¥÷¡A§Ú­Ì¤À§O½s¿è¥¦­Ì¡D
   
  ppp-on «ü¥O½Z
  
   §A±N±o½s¿è³o­Ó«ü¥O½Z¥H¤Ï¬M§A¦b ISP ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡A§A¦b ISP ªº±K½X¡A§A
   ISP ªº¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¡D
   
   ¨C¤@¦æ¹³¬O TELEPHONE= ¹ê»Ú¤W³]©w¤F³o­ÓÅܼƥ]§t¦bµ¥¸¹¥kÃ䪺¸ê°T (·íµM¤£
   ¥]¬Aµù¸Ñ³¡¥÷)¡D ¦]¦¹½s¿è¨C¤@¦æ¨Ï¥¦¹ï§Aªº ISP »P³s½u¬O¥¿½Tªº¡D
   
   ¦Ó¥B¡A¦pªG§A(»Ý­n)¦b /etc/ppp/options Àɮ׸̳]©w¤F IP ¸¹½X¡A§R°£³o¦æ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
$LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ÁÙ¦³¡A½T©wÅÜ¼Æ DIALER_SCRIPT «ü¦V§A±N­n¨Ï¥Îªº¼·¸¹«ü¥O½Zªº¥þ³¡¸ô®|¦WºÙ¡D
   ¦]¦¹¡A¦pªG§A²¾°Ê©Î§ïÅܳo­Ó«ü¥O½Zªº¦WºÙ¡A½T©w§A¥¿½T¦a§ïÅÜ ppp-on «ü¥O½Z
   ¸Ìªº³o¤@¦æ¡D
   
  ppp-on-dialer «ü¥O½Z
  
   ³o¬O²Ä¤G­Ó«ü¥O½Z¹ê»Ú«Ø¥ß°_§Ú­Ìªº PPP ³sµ²¡D
   
   ª`·N: ¤@¥÷ chat «ü¥O½Z¤@¯ë¥þ³£©ñ¦b¦P¤@¦æ¸Ì¡D­Ë±×½u¬O¥Î¨ÓÅý¤@¦æ¥i¥H¸ó¹L
   ¼Æ¦æªº¹êÅé¦æ¡]«K©ó¤H­Ì¾\Ū¡^¦Ó¨Ã¤£¬O«ü¥O½Z¥»¨­²Õ¦¨ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A¥J²Ó¦a¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªº²Ó¸`³¡¥÷¥H«KÅý§Ú­Ì¤F¸Ñ¥¦¹ê»Ú(°²³]ªº)­n°µ¤°»ò¬O«D±`
   ¦³¥Îªº!
   
15.4 ¤@¥÷ chat «ü¥O½Z¨ä¤¤ªº§t·N...

   ¤@¥÷ chat «ü¥O½Z¬O¤@¨t¦C"´Á«Ý¦r¦ê" "°e¥X¦r¦ê"ªº°t¹ï¡D ¯S§O¬O¡Aª`·N¨ì§Ú
   ­ÌÁ`¬O¦b°e¥X¬Y¨Ç°T®§¤§«e¥ý´Á«Ý¬Y¨Ç°T®§¥X²{¡D
   
   ¦pªG§Ú­Ì¦b¨S¦³¥ý±µ¦¬¨ì¥ô¦ó°T®§ªº±¡ªp¤U­n°e¥X¬Y¨Ç°T®§ªº¸Ü¡A§Ú­Ì¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î
   ªÅªº´Á«Ý¦r¦ê¡]ÂÇ¥Ñ "" «ü©ú¡^¦Ó¦b¨S¦³°e¥X¥ô¦ó°T®§ªº±¡ªp¤U­n´Á«Ý¬Y¨Ç°T®§
   §@ªk¤]Ãþ¦ü! ¦Ó¥B¡A¦pªG¦r¦ê¥]§t¦n´X­Ó¦r¡]¨Ò¦p NO CARRIER¡^¡A§A¥²¶·§â¦r¦ê
   ¥Î¤Þ¸¹¬A¦í¡A³o¼Ë chat ·|§â¦r¦ê·í§@¬O³æ¤@­Ó¶µ¥Ø¡D
   
   ¦b§Ú­Ì¼ËªO¸Ìªº chat «ü¥O¦æ¬O:
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exec /usr/sbin/chat -v
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   °_°Ê chat ¡A-v §i¶D chat ±N¨ä©Ò¦³ªº¿é¥X¡þ¤J«þ¨©¨ì¨t²Î°O¿ý¸Ì¡]³q±`¬O
   /var/log/messages¡^¡D ¤@¥¹§Aı±o chat «ü¥O½Zªº¹B§@í©w¦Ó¥i¾a¡A½s¿è³o¤@
   ¦æ§â -v ²¾°£¥H«K´î¤Ö§A¨t²Î°O¿ýªº²VÂø¡D
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TIMEOUT         3
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   ³o³]©w±µ¦¬©Ò´Á«Ýªº¿é¤J¹O®É®É­­¬°¤T¬í¡D¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î¯uªº¬O«ÜºCªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨º»ò
   §A¥i¯à±o­n¼W¥[³o­Ó³]©w¨ì¤­¬í©Î¬O¤Q¬í!
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ABORT           '\nBUSY\r'
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   ¦pªG±µ¦¬¨ì BUSY ¦r¦ê¡A¤¤¤î°õ¦æ¡D
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ABORT           '\nNO ANSWER\r'
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   ¦pªG±µ¦¬¨ì NO ANSWER ¦r¦ê¡A¤¤¤î°õ¦æ¡D
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ABORT           '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r'
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   ¦pªG±µ¦¬¨ì¡]­«½Æªº¡^RINGRING ¦r¦ê¡A¤¤¤î°õ¦æ¡D³o¬O¦]¬°¬Y¤H¥¿¥´¹q¸Üµ¹§A!
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"              \rAT
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   ¤£´Á«Ý¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶Ç°e¥ô¦ó°T®§¨Ã¥B°e¥X AT ¦r¦ê¡D
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OK-+++\c-OK   ATH0
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   ³o¤@­Ó¤ñ¸û½ÆÂø¤@ÂI¡A¦]¬°¥¦¨Ï¥Î¤F¬Y¨Ç chat ªº¿ù»~¦^´_¥\¯à¡D
   
   ¥¦©Ò¥Nªíªº¬O...´Á«Ý OK ¡A¦pªG¨S¦³¦¬¨ì¡]¦]¬°¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¨Ã¤£¦b«ü¥O¼Ò¦¡¤U¡^¨º»ò
   °e¥X +++ ¡]¨Ï¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªð¦^«ü¥O¼Ò¦¡ªº¼Ð·Ç Hayes ¬Û®e¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦r¦ê¡^¨Ã¥B´Á«Ý
   OK¡F±µµÛ°e¥X ATH0 ¡]¼Æ¾Ú¾÷±¾Â_¦r¦ê¡^¡D ³oÅý§Aªº«ü¥O½Z¥i¥HÀ³¥I§Aªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷
   ÂH¦b½u¤WµLªkÂ_½uªº±¡ªp¡D
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TIMEOUT         30
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   ³]©w«ü¥O½Z¨ä¾l³¡¥÷°õ¦æªº¹O®É®É­­¬° 30 ¬í¡D¦pªG§A´¿¸g¦]¬°¹O®É¦Ó¸gÅç¹L
   chat «ü¥O½Z³Q²×¤îªº°ÝÃD¡A§â¥¦¼W¥[¬° 45 ¬í©Î§ó¤[¡D
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OK              ATDT$TELEPHONE
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   ´Á«Ý OK ¡]¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¹ï ATH0 «ü¥Oªº¦^À³¡^¨Ã¥B¼·±µ¨ì§Ú­Ì·Q­n©I¥sªº¸¹½X¡D
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CONNECT         "
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   ´Á«Ý CONNECT ¦r¦ê¡]·í»·ºÝ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¦³¦^À³®É§Ú­Ìªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷°e¥Xªº¡^¨Ã¥B¤£°e¥X¥ô
   ¦^ÂаT®§¡D
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ogin:--ogin:    $ACCOUNT
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   ¦A¤@¦¸¡A³o¸Ì­±§Ú­Ì¦³¤@¨Ç¿ù»~¦^´_³]©w¡D´Á«Ýñ¤J´£¥Ü(...ogin:)¡A¦ý¬O¦pªG
   §Ú­Ì¦b¹O®É«e¨S¦³±µ¦¬¨ì¡A°e¥X¤@­Óªð¦^¦r¤¸(return)µM«á¦A¦¸§ä´Mñ¤J´£¥Ü¡D
   ·í±µ¦¬¨ì´£¥Ü®É¡A°e¥X¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡]¦s©ñ¦b¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¬É­±ªº $ACCOUNT Àô¹ÒÅܼƸÌ
   ¡^¡D
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assword:        $PASSWORD
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   ´Á«Ý±K½X´£¥Ü¨Ã¥B°e¥X±K½X¡]¦A¤@¦¸¡A¦s©ñ¦b¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¬É­±ªº¤@­ÓÀô¹ÒÅܼƸ̡^¡D
   
   ³o­Ó chat «ü¥O½Z¦³¦X²zªº¿ù»~¦^´_¥\¯à¡D Chat ÁÙ¦³³\¦h­«­nªº¯S¦â¡A¤ñ³o¸Ì
   ©Ò®i¥ÜÁÙ­n§ó¦h¡D §ó¸Ô²Óªº¸ê°T½Ð°Ñ¾\ chat ªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U(man 8 chat)¡D
   
  ¦b¦øªA¾¹ºÝ±Ò°Ê PPP
  
   ÁöµM³o¥÷ ppp-on-dialer «ü¥O½Z¹ï©ó¦b§Añ¤J«á·|¦Û°Ê±Ò°Ê pppd ªº¦øªA¾¹¨Ó»¡
   «D±`ªº¦n¥Î¡AµM¦Ó¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹»Ý­n§A©ú¥Õ¦a¦b¦øªA¾¹¤W±Ò°Ê PPP¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A»Ý­n¦b¦øªA¾¹¤W¤U«ü¥O¥H±Ò°Ê PPP¡A§A¥²¶·­n½s¿è ppp-on-dialer «ü¥O½Z
   ¡D
   
   ¦b³o«ü¥O½Zªº§ÀºÝ(¦b password ³o¦æ«á­±)¥[¤W ´Á«Ý °e¥X ¦r¦ê¹ï - ³o¬O´M§ä
   §Aªº shell ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹ (¯S§O¤p¤ß¹ï Bourne shell ¦³¯S®í·N¸qªº¦r¤¸ - ¹³¬O $
   »P [ ©Î ] ¥ª¥k¤è¬A¸¹µ¥)¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹ chat §ä¨ì¤F shell ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡Achat ¥²¶·¤U«ü¥O¥H±Ò°Ê§A ISP ªº PPP ¦ø
   ªA¾¹¡D
   
   ¥H§Úªº¨Ò¤l¦Ó¨¥¡A§Úªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ï¥Î¼Ð·Çªº Linux Bash ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹
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[hartr@kepler hartr]$
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   ¦Ó¥B»Ý­n§Ú¥´
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ppp
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   ¥H±Ò°Ê¦øªA¾¹¤Wªº PPP¡D
   
   ¦b¦¹¤¹³\¤@ÂI¿ù»~¦^´_¬O­Ó¦n¥D·N¡A©Ò¥H¦b§Úªº¨Ò¤l¤¤§Ú¥Î
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        hartr--hartr    ppp
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   ³o´N¬O»¡¡A¦pªG§Ú¦b¹O®É«e¨S¦¬¨ì´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A°e¥X return ¨Ã¥B¦A¦¸µ¥«Ý´£¥Ü²Å
   ¸¹¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹¦¬¨ì´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A´N°e¥X ppp ¦r¦ê¡D
   
   ª`·N: §O§Ñ¤F¦b«e¤@¦æµ²§ô«e¥[¤W \ ¥H«KÅý chat »{¬°³o¾ã­Ó«ü¥O½Z¬O¦b¤@¦æ
   ¸Ì!
   
   ¤£©¯ªº¬O¡A¬Y¨Ç¦øªA¾¹·|²£¥Í«D±`¦hÅܪº´£¥Ü²Å¸¹! §A¥i¯à¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î minicom ¦h
   ñ¤J´X¦¸¥H«K¤F¸Ñ¤°»ò¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó°µ¬°½T©wªº"´Á«Ý"¦r¦ê¡D
   
15.5 ¨Ï¥Î©ó PAP/CHAP Åç»{³s½uªº chat «ü¥O½Z

   ¦pªG§Aªº ISP ¨Ï¥Î PAP/CHAP Åç»{¡A¨º»ò§Aªº chat «ü¥O½Z·|²³æ±o¦h¡D §Aªº
   chat «ü¥O½Z©Ò­n°µªº¥þ³¡¥u¬O¼·±µ¹q¸Ü¡Aµ¥«Ý±µ¤W½u¡AµM«á´NÅý pppd ¥h³B²zñ
   ¤J¨Æ©y!
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#!/bin/sh
#
# This is part 2 of the ppp-on script. It will perform the connection
# protocol for the desired connection.
#
exec /usr/sbin/chat -v                                  \
        TIMEOUT         3                               \
        ABORT           '\nBUSY\r'                      \
        ABORT           '\nNO ANSWER\r'                 \
        ABORT           '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r'    \
        ''              \rAT                            \
        'OK-+++\c-OK'   ATH0                            \
        TIMEOUT         30                              \
        OK              ATDT$TELEPHONE                  \
        CONNECT         ''                              \
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15.6 pppd ªº debug »P file option_file ¿ï¶µ

   ´N¹³§Ú­Ì¤w¸g¬Ý¹Lªº¡A§A¥i¥H¹ï pppd ¨Ï¥Î -d ¿ï¶µ¥´¶}°»¿ù°T®§°O¿ý¡D
   'debug' ¿ï¶µ©M³o­Ó¬O¤@¼Ëªº¡D
   
   ¦]¬°§Ú­Ì¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Î·sªº«ü¥O½Z«Ø¥ß·sªº³s½u¡A¥ý©ñµÛ¦¹¿ï¶µ¤£ºÞ¡D (ĵ§i: ¦pªG
   §AªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡¤£¤j°÷¡A°O¿ý pppd ªº°T®§¥i¯à·|¤j¶q¼W¥[§Aªº¨t²Î°O¿ýÀɤj¤p¨Ã
   ¨Ï§A¹J¨ì³Â·Ð - ¤£¹L¦b¦¹§A¥²©w·|³s½u¥¢±Ñ¨Ã¹Á¸Õ³\¤[)¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹§A°ª¿³¦a»{¬°¤@¤Á¤u§@¥¿±`¡A§A¥i¥H°£¥h¦¹¿ï¶µ¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¤£¬O±q /etc/ppp/options ©Î /etc/ppp/options.ttySx Àɮפ¤¥s¥X ppp
   ¿ï¶µ¡A ¥i¥H¦b pppd ¤W¥Î file ¿ï¶µ«ü©wÀɮצWºÙ - ¨Ò¦p
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exec /usr/sbin/pppd debug file options.myserver /dev/ttyS0 38400 \
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16. ´ú¸Õ§Aªº³s½u«ü¥O½Z

   ¶}±Ò¤@­Ó·sªº Xterm¡]¦pªG§A¦b X ©³¤U¡^©Î¶}±Ò¤@­Ó·sªºµêÀÀ¥D±±¥x¨Ã¥B¥H
   root ñ¤J¡D
   
   ¦b³o­Ó·sªº¶¥¬q§@·~¤¤¡Aµo¥X³o­Ó«ü¥O
   
tail -f /var/log/messages

   ¡]©Î¬O§A¨t²Î°O¿ýÀɮתº¥ô¦ó¦WºÙ¡^¡D
   
   ¦b²Ä¤@­Óµøµ¡¡]©Î¬OµêÀÀ¥D±±¥x¤¤¡^µo¥X³o­Ó©R¥O
   
ppp-on &

   ¡]©Î¬O¥ô¦ó§A©Ò½s¿èªº /usr/sbin/ppp-on ª©¥»¤§¦WºÙ¡^¡D ¦pªG§A¨S¦³ÂǥѦb³o
   ­Ó«ü¥Oªº§ÀºÝ«ü©w & ¨Ï±o«ü¥O½Z¶i¤J­I´º°õ¦æªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¦b ppp µ²§ô¡]·í³s½u
   µ²§ô®É¡^¤§«e§A³£¤£¯à¦^¨ì²×ºÝ¾÷´£¥Ü¤U
   
   ²{¦b¤Á´«¨ì°lÂܨt²Î°O¿ýÀɪºµøµ¡¡D
   
   §A±N·|¨£¨ì¬Y¨Ç¹³¤U¦CªºªF¦è¡]°²©w§A¹ï chat «ü©w -v ¨Ã¥B¹ï pppd «ü©w -d
   ¿ï¶µ¡^.... ³o¬Oºò¸ò¦b pppd °_°Ê¸ê°T¤§«á°O¿ý¨ì¨t²Î°O¿ýÀɮ׸̪º chat «ü¥O
   ½Z¤Î¨ä¦^À³:
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Oct 21 16:09:58 hwin chat[19868]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: abort on (BUSY)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: send (ATZ^M)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: expect (OK)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: ATZ^M^M
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: OK -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: send (ATDT722298^M)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: expect (CONNECT)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: ^M
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: ATDT722298^M^M
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: CONNECT -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: send (^M)
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: expect (ogin:)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: kepler login: -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: send (hartr^M)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: expect (ssword:)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]:  hartr^M
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: Password: -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: send (??????^M)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: expect (hartr)
Oct 21 16:10:24 hwin chat[19868]: [hartr -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:24 hwin chat[19868]: send (ppp^M)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19872]: pppd 2.1.2 started by root, uid 0
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: Using interface ppp0
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/cua1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: LCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(LCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd MRU
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (1500)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd ASYNCMAP
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (0)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd MAGICNUMBER
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (a098b898)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd PCOMPRESSION
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd ACCOMPRESSION
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: returning CONFACK.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 2, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfack(LCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: IPCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(IPCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received ADDR
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (10.144.153.51)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received COMPRESSTYPE
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (45)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: returning Configure-ACK
Oct 21 16:10:28 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 2, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: IPCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(IPCP): Rcvd id 255.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received ADDR
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (10.144.153.51)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received COMPRESSTYPE
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (45)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]:  (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: returning Configure-ACK
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 2, id 255.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfack(IPCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: up
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: local  IP address 10.144.153.104
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: remote IP address 10.144.153.51
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   ¡]ª`·N ¡Ð §Ú¨Ï¥ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X ¡Ð ¦]¦¹§Úªº¾÷¾¹°e³o¨ÇªF¦è¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥h
   ¡Ð ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î°ÊºAªº IP ¸¹½X¨º»ò§A±N¤£·|¬Ý¨£³o¨Ç¡D¡^ ÁÙ¦³¡A³o­Ó¦øªA¾¹»Ý
   ­n«ü©wªº©R¥O¨Ó±Ò°Ê PPP¡D
   
   ³o¬Ý°_¨Ó¨S¤°»ò°ÝÃD ¡Ð ©Ò¥H¦p¦P«e­±ªº´ú¸Õ¯ë¡A ping ¤@¨Ç IP ¸¹½X¥H¤Î¥D¾÷
   ¦WºÙ¡D
   
   °_°Ê§Aªº¥þ²y¸ê°TÂsÄý¾¹©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¨ä¥¦ªFªF¨Ã¥B¶}©l³} ¡Ð §A¤W½u¤F!
   
17. µ²§ô PPP ³sµ²

   ·í§A§¹¦¨ PPP ³sµ²¤§«á¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¼Ð·Çªº ppp-off «ü¥O²×¤î¥¦¡]­n°O±o ¡Ð §A
   ±o¬O root ©ÎªÌ¬O PPP ¸s²Õªº²Õ­û! ¡^
   
   §A±N·|¦b§Aªº¨t²Î°O¿ý¸Ì¬Ý¨£¤@¨Ç¹³³o¼ËªºªºªF¦è:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: Interrupt received: terminating link
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: down
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: default route ioctl(SIOCDELRT): Bad address
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 5, id 2.
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rtermack(LCP).
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: Connection terminated.
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: Exit.
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   §O¾á¤ß¨º­Ó SIOCDELRT - ³o¤£¹L¬O pppd ªí¥Ü­nµ²§ô¤F¦Ó¨S¤°»ò¦n¾á¤ßªº¡D
   
18. °»¿ù

   §Aªº³s½u¦³¦UºØ¥i¯àªº­ì¦]µLªk¹B§@ ¡Ð chat µLªk¥¿½T¦a§¹¦¨¡A§Aªº½u¸ôÂø°T«Ü
   ¤jµ¥µ¥¡D ©Ò¥H¡AÀˬd§Aªº¨t²Î°O¿ý§ä´M½u¯Á¡D
   
18.1 §Ú§â PPP ½sĶ¶i¥h¦ý¬O Linux »¡§Ú¨S¦³...

   ¤@­Ó«D±`±`¨£ªº°ÝÃD¬O¤H­Ì¤w¸g±N PPP ½sĶ¨ì®Ö¤ß¤§¤¤¨Ã¥B¹Á¸Õ°õ¦æ pppd¡A¦ý
   ®Ö¤ß¤´µM©ê«è»¡¥¦¤£¤ä´© PPP! ¦³³\¦h­ì¦]¥i¯à¾É­P¦¹¨Æµo¥Í¡D
   
  §A±Ò°Êªº¬O¥¿½Tªº®Ö¤ß¶Ü?
  
   ÁöµM§A¤w¸g­«·s½sĶ®Ö¤ß¥H¤ä´© PPP¡A§A«o¨S¦³±Ò°Ê·sªº®Ö¤ß¡D ³o¥i¯à¬O¦]¬°§A
   ¨S¦³§ó·s /etc/lilo.conf ¨Ã­«¶] lilo¡D
   
   Àˬdªº¤èªk¬O¤U³o­Ó«ü¥O uname -a¡A±N²£¥Í¹³³o¼Ëªºµ²ªG
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Linux archenland 2.0.28 #2 Thu Feb 13 12:31:37 EST 1997 i586
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   ¥¦µ¹¥X¤F®Ö¤ßªºª©¥»¤Î®Ö¤ß½sĶªº¤é´Á - ³o¼Ë§A´Nª¾¹D¨ì©³µo¥Í¤F¤°»ò¨Æ¡D
   
  §A±N PPP ®Ö¤ß¤ä´©½sĶ¬°¼Ò²Õ¶Ü?
  
   ¦pªG§A±N PPP ®Ö¤ß¤ä´©½sĶ¬°¼Ò²Õ¡A¦ý«o¨S¦³½sĶ¤Î¦w¸Ë¼Ò²Õ¡A§A´N·|±o¨ì³o­Ó
   ¿ù»~¡D ¬Ý¤@¤U [37]Kernel-HOWTO ¥H¤Î¦b /usr/src/linux ¤Uªº README ÀÉ®×!
   
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21.1 ³]©w¹q¤l¶l¥ó

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   ºÝ¼g¦nªº¥ô¦ó¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡D ¦³Ãö sendmail ªº°t¸m¥i¯à·|¬O«Ü§t½k¦Ó¥B«Ü§xÃøªº
   ¡Ð ©Ò¥H³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤£·|¸Õ¹Ï§i¶D§A¸Ó«ç»ò°µ¡D µM¦Ó¡A§A¥i¯àÀ³¸Ó°t¸m§Aªº
   sendmail ¥H«K§Aªººô»Úºô¸ôªA°È´£¨ÑªÌ¯à±Â©R§A§@¬° "smart relay" ¥D¾÷¡]¦b
   sendmail.cf ªº DS ¿ï¶µ¡^¡D¡]§ó¬°¸Ô²Óªº°t¸m¸ê°T½Ð°Ñ¾\ sendmail ªº¤å¥ó ¡Ð
   ¨Ã¸Ô¾\ÀHªþ©ó sendmail ªº m4 °t¸m¥¨¶°¡D´X¥G¥i¥H½T©w¸Ì­±¤@©w¦³¤@­Ó¯à²Å¦X
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   ¤]¦³¤@¥»«D±`¦nªº®Ñ¦bÁ¿ Sendmail(O'Reilly and Associates ºÙ¥¦¬° '¸t¸g')
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   ¤@¥¹§A°t¸m¦n sendmail «á¡A§A¥i¯à·Q¦b PPP ³s½u­è¤@°_°Êªº®É­Ô´N­n
   sendmail »°§Ö°e¥X¥ô¦ó«Ý¦b¶l¥ó¦î¦C¸Ìªº°T®§¡D ­n³o»ò°µªº¸Ü¡A¥[¤J³o¦æ«ü¥O
   
sendmail -q &

   ¨ì§Aªº /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¤¤(°Ñ¨£¤U­±»¡©ú)¡D
   
   ¥Ñ¥~©¹¤ºªº¹q¤l¶l¥ó¹ï°ÊºAªº IP ¸¹½X¦Ó¨¥¬O­Ó°ÝÃD¡D³B²z³o­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤èªk¬O:
     * °t¸m§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¶l»¼µ{¦¡Åý©Ò¦³°e¥X¥hªº¶l¥ó¦b "reply to" ªíÀY¤¤¦³­Ó¦b
       §Aªººô»Úºô¸ôªA°È´£¨ÑªÌ¤Wªº¹q¤l¶l»¼¦ì§}¡D
       ¦pªG¥i¥Hªº¸Ü¡A§A¤]À³¸Ó±N§Aªº FROM ¦a§}³]¬°§A ISP ´£¨Ñªº¹q¤l¶l»¼¦ì§}
       ¡D
     * ¨Ï¥Î popclient µ{¦¡±q§AªºªA°È´£¨ÑªÌ¨ºÃäÂ^¨ú§Aªº¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡D©ÎªÌ¡A¦pªG
       §Aªº ISP ¨Ï¥Î IMAP¡A¨Ï¥Î¤ä´© IMAP ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¶l»¼µ{¦¡(¨Ò¦p pine)¡D
       
   §A¥i¥HÂǥѦb /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¤¤©ñ¤J¥²­nªº«ü¥O¥H«K¦b¼·±µ®É±N³o­Ó¹L
   µ{¦Û°Ê¤Æ(°Ñ¨£¤U­±»¡©ú)¡D
   
21.2 ³]©w¥»¦aªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹

   ÁöµM§A¤j¥i¨Ï¥Î¦b§A ISP ¨º¸Ìªº»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¡A§A¤]¥i¥H³]¥ß¤@¥x¥»¦aªº¼È¦s
   ±M¥Î¡]¦¸­n¡^¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¡A¨ÃÂÇ¥Ñ ip-up «ü¥O½Z±Ò°Ê¡D ¶]¥»¦a¡]¼È¦s±M¥Î¡^¦W
   ºÙ¦øªA¾¹ªº¦n³B¬O¦pªG§A¦b³s½u´Á¶¡±`±`Ápô¬Û¦Pªº¸`ÂI¨º»ò¥¦¥i¥H¸`¬Ù§Aªº®É
   ¶¡¡]¥H¤ÎÀW¼e¡^¡D
   
   ¼È¦s±M¥Î¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¡]¦b named.boot Àɮ׸̨ϥΤ@¦æ 'forwarders' «ü¦V§A
   ISPs ªº DNS¡^ªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹°t¸m¤ñ¸û²³æ¡D O'Reilly book (DNS and Bind) ¸Ñ
   ÄÀ©Ò¦³§A»Ý­nª¾¹DªºªF¦è¡D
   
   ¤]¦³¤@¥÷ [41]DNS-HOWTO ¥i¥H¨ú±o¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¦³¤@¤p«¬°Ï°ìºô¸ô¸g¥Ñ§Aªº Linux PC ¨ú¥Îºô»Úºô¸ô(¨Ò¦p¨Ï¥Î IP °°¸Ë)
   ¡A ¦b¥»¦aºÝ°õ¦æ¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹(¨Ï¥Î forwarders ¾É¦V)·|¬O­Ó¦n¥D·N¡A¦]¬°¥¦·|­°
   §C¥Ñ¦WºÙ¸ÑªR©Ò¦û¥Îªººô¸ôÀW¼e¤Î©µ¿ð®É¶¡¡D
   
   ºô¸ô§@·~ªº¤@­Ó­nÂI: ·í§A­n¦b§A ISP ªº»â°ì¸Ì¶}©l±Ò¥Î¤@¥x¦¸­nªº¡A¼È¦s±M¥Î
   ªº¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹¤§«e¥ý¸ß°Ý§Aªº ISP ¬ÛÃöªºÅv­­¡D ¥¿½T°t¸m¥¦¡A§Aªº DNS ¤@ÂI³£
   ¤£·|³y¦¨§A ISP ªº§xÂZ¡A¦ý¬O¦pªG§A°µ¿ù¤F¨Ç¤°»ò¡A¥¦¥i¯à·|¤Þ°_³Â·Ð...
   
22. ¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²¨â­Óºô¸ô

   °ò¥»¤W³sµ²³æ¤@¥x Linux PC ¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨S
   ¦³¤°»ò®t§O¡D°O±o¡APPP ¬O¤@ºØÂI¹ïÂIªº¨ó©w¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¡A§Aªº½T±oÁA¸ÑÃö©ó»¼°e¸ô®|¦p¦ó«Ø¥ßªº°ÝÃD¡D¾\Ū NET-2 howto ¥H¤Î
   Linux Network Administrator Guide (NAG)¡D §A¤]±Nµo²{³o¥»®Ñ "TCP/IP
   Network Administration" (by O'Reilly and Assoc - ISBN 0-937175-82-X)·|
   ¦³·¥¨ÎªºÀ°§U¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A·Q¦b³sµ²ªº¬Y¤@Ãä¨Ï¥Î¤@­Óºô¸ô¸¹½Xªº¦¸ºô¸ô¤À³Î¡A§A·|µo²{ Linux
   (draft) sub networking mini-howto º¡¦³¥Îªº¡D ³o¥i¦b [42]Linux Sub
   networking mini-HOWTO §ä¨ì¡D
   
   ¬°¤F³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡A§A¨Ï¥Îªº¥²¶·¬O¤£¦Pªº IP ºô¸ô½s¸¹(©Î¬O¦P¼Ëºô¸ô½s¸¹
   ªº¦¸ºô¸ô)¦Ó¥B§A±N±o¨Ï¥ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X ¡Ð ©Î¨Ï¥Î IP °°¸Ë¡D ¦pªG§A·Q­n¨Ï
   ¥Î IP °°¸Ëªº¸Ü¡A°Ñ¾\ IP masquerade mini-howto ¦³Ãö¥¦ªº³]©w¤¶²Ð¡D
   
22.1 ³]©w IP ¸¹½X

   »P¨ä¥¦°Ï°ìºô¸ôªººô¸ôºÞ²zªÌ¨ó°Ó¨âºÝªº PPP ¬É­±¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹½X¡D ¦pªG§A¨Ï
   ¥ÎÀRºAªº IP ¸¹½X¡A³o¥i¯à¤]·|­n¨D§A¼·±µ¯S©wªº¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¡D
   
   ²{¦b½s¿è¾A·íªº /etc/ppp/options[.ttyXX] ÀÉ®× ¡Ð ¹ï©ó¦¹³s½u¦b§A³o¤@ºÝ¨Ï
   ¥Î¯S©wªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤Î¦ê¦C°ð¬O­Ó¦n¥D·N¡D §A¥i¯à¤]±o­n¥hÅܧó§Aªº
   /etc/ppp/options ÀÉ®× ¡Ð ¨Ã¥B¤]­n¬°¥ô¦ó¨ä¥¦ªº³s½u«Ø¥ß¾A·íªº
   options.ttyXX ÀÉ®×!
   
   ¦b¾A·íªº¿ï¶µÀɮ׸̫ü©w PPP ³s±µ¤¤§A³oºÝªº IP ¸¹½X¡A³o»P«e­±©Ò®i¥Ü¨Ï¥ÎÀR
   ºA IP ¸¹½X¼·±µªº¤è¦¡§¹¥þ¬Û¦P¡D
   
22.2 ³]©w»¼°e¸ô®|

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   ¶¥¬qªº¹Lµ{¡D
   
   ­º¥ý¡A§A¥²¶·«Ø¥ß±q°õ¦æ PPP ³sµ²ªº¾÷¾¹¨ì³sµ²ªº»·¤èºô¸ô¥hªº»¼°e¸ô®|¡D ¦p
   ªG¸Ó³sµ²³q©¹ºô»Úºô¸ô¡A¨º»ò³o¥i¥HÂÇ¥Ñ pppd ªº¿ï¶µ 'defaultroute' ¥Ñ¥¦¦Û
   ¤v«Ø¥ßªº¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|¨Ó³B²z¦Ó§A¤£¥²°µ¥ô¦ó¨Æ¡D
   
   µM¦Ó¦pªG¸Ó³sµ²¥u¬O³sµ²¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡A¨º»ò¥²¶·¥[¤J¤@­Ó«ü©wªººô¸ô»¼°e¸ô®|
   ¡D ³o¬O¦b /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¤¤¨Ï¥Î 'route' «ü¥O°õ¦æªº¡]°Ñ¾\³s½u°_°Ê
   ¤§«á... ¸Ó¸`¸Ì¦³Ãö¦p¦ó°õ¦æªº¤¶²Ð¡^¡D
   
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   ppp ³sµ²¤¤³q©¹»·¤èºô¸ôªº'¹h¹D'¡D
   
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   ®|(°£«D»·ºÝªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¬O³s¤W§A¥h¨ú¥Îºô»Úºô¸ôªº)¡D
   
22.3 ºô¸ô¦w¥þ

   ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î PPP ³sµ²§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥h ¡Ð ©Î¬Æ¦Ü¥u¬O¨ì¤@­Ó"¥~­±
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   ¤õÀð!
   
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   ²zªÌ¡D ¨S¦³³o¼Ë°µªº¸Ü¥i¯à¨Ï§A·S¤WÄY­«ªº³Â·Ð!
   
23. «Ø¥ß³sµ²¤§«á - /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z

   ¤@¥¹ PPP ³sµ²«Ø¥ß«á¡A pppd ·|§ä´M /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¡D ¦pªG³o­Ó«ü¥O
   ½Z¦s¦b¨Ã¥B¥i¥H°õ¦æªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò PPP ¦øªAµ{¦¡´N·|°õ¦æ³o­Ó«ü¥O½Z¡D ³o¤¹³\§A
   ¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ¥ô¦ó¥i¯à¦³¥²­nªº¯S®í»¼°e¸ô®|«ü¥O¤Î¥ô¦ó§A·Q¦b¨C¦¸ PPP ³sµ²±Ò°Ê®É
   °õ¦æªº°Ê§@¡D
   
   ³o¤£¹L´N¬O¤@¯ë´¶³qªº shell «ü¥O½Z¡A¥i¥H°µ¥ô¦ó«ü¥O½Z¯à°µªº¨Æ(¤]´N¬O¡A¥ô
   ¦ó§A·Q°µªº¨Æ)¡D
   
   ¨Ò¦p¡A§A¥i¯à·Q­n sendmail »°§Ö³B²z¦b¶l¥ó¦î¦C¤¤µ¥«Ý¥~°eªº°T®§¡D
   
   Ãþ¦ü¦a¡A§A¥i¥H¦b ip-up ¸Ì´¡¤J¤@¨Ç«ü¥O¨ú±o¡]¨Ï¥Î POP¡^¦b§Aªº ISP ¨ºÃäµ¥
   µÛ§Aªº¥ô¦ó¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡D
   
   ¤£¹L¦b /etc/ppp/ip-up ¤]¦³¨Ç­­¨î:-
   
     * ¥¦¥H§½­­ªºÀô¹ÒÅܼƥH¼W¥[¦w¥þ©Ê¡D³o¤]´N¬O»¡§A¥²¶·µ¹¥X°õ¦æÀɪº¥þ³¡¸ô
       ®|¦WºÙµ¥¡D
     * §Þ³N¤W¨Ó»¡¡A/etc/ppp/ip-up ¬O¤@­Óµ{¦¡¦Ó«D«ü¥O½Z¡D ³o¬O»¡¥¦¥i¥H³Qª½
       ±µ°õ¦æ - ¤]¦]¦¹¥¦¦b²Ä¤@¦æ¶}©l¥²¶·¨ã¦³¼Ð·Çªº file magic
       (#!/bin/bash) ¨Ã¥B¯à³Q root Ū¨ú¤Î°õ¦æ¡D
       
23.1 ¯S®í»¼°e¸ô®|

   ¦pªG§A³sµ²ªº¬O¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡A§A±N±o³]¥ß¤@­Ó¨ì '¥~­±ªº' °Ï°ìºô¸ôªº«ü©w»¼
   °e¸ô®|¡D ³o¥i¥H«Ü®e©öªº¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¹F¦¨¡D°ß¤@ªº§xÃøµo¥Í¦b
   §Aªº¾÷¾¹¦³¦h­Ó PPP ³sµ²®É¡D
   
   ³o¬O¦]¬° /etc/ppp/ip-up ³o­Ó«ü¥O½Z¬O¥Ñ¨C¤@­Ó°_°Êªº ppp ³s½u©Ò°õ¦æªº¡A©Ò
   ¥H§A±o­n¤p¤ß¦a¬°¨C¤@­Ó°_°Êªº³sµ²°õ¦æ¥¿½Tªº»¼°e«ü¥O!
   
23.2 ³B²z¹q¤l¶l¥ó¦î¦C

   ·í¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ôªº³sµ²«Ø¥ß¤§«á¡A§A¥i¯à·Q­n½T©w©ñ¦b¦î¦C¤¤ªº¹q¤l¶l¥ó³Q²M¥X
   - °e¨ì¥¦ªº¥Øªº¦a¡D ³o¥i¥H¥Î¾A·íªº©I¥s sendmail ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡D
   
   ¦b pppd ¶Ç»¼µ¹«ü¥O½Zªº¯S©w°Ñ¼Æ¤W¨Ï¥Î bash ªº `case' ±Ô­z¨Ó§¹¦¨³o­Ó¤u§@
   ¡D ¨Ò¦p¡A³o¬O§Ú¥Î¨Ó³B²z§Ú­Ìªº¼s°ìºô¸ô³sµ²¤Î³q©¹§Ú®a¤A¤Óºô¸ôªº¡]¤]¬O¥Ñ¬Û
   ¦Pªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹³B²z¡^/etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¡D
   
23.3 ¤@­Ó /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Zªº¨Ò¤l

   ¤U­±ªº¨Ò¤l´£¨Ñ¤£¦Pªº¨Ï¥Î½d¨Ò¡D
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#!/bin/bash
#
# Script which handles the routing issues as necessary for pppd
# Only the link to Newman requires this handling.
#
# When the ppp link comes up, this script is called with the following
# parameters
#       $1      the interface name used by pppd (e.g. ppp3)
#       $2      the tty device name
#       $3      the tty device speed
#       $4      the local IP address for the interface
#       $5      the remote IP address
#       $6      the parameter specified by the 'ipparam' option to pppd
#
case "$5" in
# Handle the routing to the Newman Campus server
        202.12.126.1)
                /sbin/route add -net 202.12.126.0 gw 202.12.126.1
# and flush the mail queue to get their email there asap!
                /usr/sbin/sendmail -q &
                ;;
        139.130.177.2)
# Our Internet link
# When the link comes up, start the time server and synchronise to the world
# provided it is not already running
                if [ ! -f /var/lock/subsys/xntpd ]; then
                        /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd.init start &
                fi
# Start the news server (if not already running)
                if [ ! -f /var/lock/subsys/news ]; then
                        /etc/rc.d/init.d/news start &
                fi
                ;;
        203.18.8.104)
# Get the email down to my home machine as soon as the link comes up
# No routing is required as my home Ethernet is handled by IP
# masquerade and proxyarp routing.
                /usr/sbin/sendmail -q &
                ;;
        *)
esac
exit 0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   °_°Ê³q©¹§Ú­Ì Newman ®Õ¶éªº ppp ³sµ²¥H¤Î³o­Ó«ü¥O½Zªºµ²ªG¡A§Ú­Ì³Ì«á±o¨ì¤U
   ­±³o­Ó»¼°eªí®æ°O¿ý¡]³o¥x¾÷¾¹¤]¬O§Ú­Ì³q±`¥Îªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¨Ã¥B³B²z§Ú­Ìªººô
   »Úºô¸ô³sµ²¡^¡D §Ú¤w¸g¦b³o­Ó¿é¥X¸Ì¥[¤J¤@¨Çµù¸Ñ¥H¸ÑÄÀ¨C­Ó¶µ¥Ø¬O¤°»ò:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
[root@kepler /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags MSS    Window Use Iface
# the HOST route to our remote internet gateway
139.130.177.2   *               255.255.255.255 UH    1500   0      134 ppp4
# the HOST route to our Newman campus server
202.12.126.1    *               255.255.255.255 UH    1500   0       82 ppp5
# the HOST route to my home ethernet
203.18.8.104    *               255.255.255.255 UH    1500   0       74 ppp3
# two of our general dial up PPP lines
203.18.8.64     *               255.255.255.255 UH    552    0        0 ppp2
203.18.8.62     *               255.255.255.255 UH    552    0        1 ppp1
# the specific network route to the Newman campus LAN
202.12.126.0    202.12.126.1    255.255.255.0   UG    1500   0        0 ppp5
# the route to our local Ethernet (super-netting two adjacent C classes)
203.18.8.0      *               255.255.254.0   U     1500   0     1683 eth0
# the route to the loop back device
127.0.0.0       *               255.0.0.0       U     3584   0      483 lo
# the default route to the Internet
default         139.130.177.2   *               UG    1500   0     3633 ppp4
     _________________________________________________________________
   
23.4 ³B²z¹q¤l¶l¥ó

   ¤W¤@¸`´£¤Î¦p¦ó³B²z¥~°eªº¶l¥ó ¡Ð ¤@¥¹³s½u«Ø¥ß¤§«á²³æ¦aÂǥѲM¥X¶l¥ó¦î¦C
   ¹F¦¨¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A°õ¦æ³s©¹¼s°ìºô¸ôªº³sµ²¡A§A¥i¥H¸ò»·ºÝ°Ï°ìºô¸ôªººô¸ôºÞ²zªÌ¨ó½Õ½Ð¥¦
   ­Ì°õ¦æ§¹¥þ¬Û¦Pªº°Ê§@¡D ¨Ò¦p¡A¦b§Ú­Ìªº¼s°ìºô¸ô³sµ²¤¤ Newman ®Õ¶é¨º¤@ºÝªº
   /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
#!/bin/bash
#
# Script which handles the routing issues as necessary for pppd
# Only the link to Hedland requires this handling.
#
# When the ppp link comes up, this script is called with the following
# parameters
#       $1      the interface name used by pppd (e.g. ppp3)
#       $2      the tty device name
#       $3      the tty device speed
#       $4      the local IP address for the interface
#       $5      the remote IP address
#       $6      the parameter specified by the 'ipparam' option to pppd
#
case "$5" in
        203.18.8.4)
                /usr/sbin/sendmail -q
                ;;
        *)
esac
exit 0
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   µM¦Ó¦pªG§A¥u¯à¨Ï¥Î°ÊºA IP ¸¹½X¤è¦¡ªº PPP ³s½u³s©¹§Aªº ISP¡A§A±o±q¦b§A
   ISP ¾÷¾¹¤Wªº±b¸¹¨ú±o§Aªº¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡D ³o³q±`¬O¨Ï¥Î POP(Post Office
   Protocol)¨ó©w¨Ó¹F¦¨ªº¡D¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î `popclient' µ{¦¡³B²z³o­Óµ{§Ç ¡Ð ¦Ó
   ip-up «ü¥O½Z¤]¥i¥H¬°§A¦Û°Ê¤Æ³o­Óµ{§Ç¡D
   
   ²³æ¦a«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¡A¨ä¤¤¥]§t¦³°_°Ê popclient µ{¦¡ªº¾A
   ·í«ü¥O¡D ¦b§Ú°õ¦æ Red Hat Linux ªº½¥¤W«¬¹q¸£¤W¡]¥ô¦ó®È¦æ®É§Ú³£±aµÛ¥¦¡^
   ¬O³o¼Ëªº
     _________________________________________________________________
   
popclient -3 -c -u hartr -p <password> kepler.hedland.edu.au |formail -s procma
il
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   §A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î slurp ©Î¨ä¥¦³nÅé¥H¬Û¦Pªº¤è¦¡¨ú±oºô¸ô·s»D¡A¥H¤Î½Ñ¦p¦¹ÃþªºªA°È
   ¡D °O±o¡Aip-up ³o­Ó«ü¥O½Z¥u¬O­Ó¼Ð·Çªº bash «ü¥O½Z¦]¦¹¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó¦Û°Ê¤Æ·í¨C
   ¦¸¾A·íªº PPP ³sµ²«Ø¥ß®É»Ý­n§¹¦¨ªº¥ô¦ó¥\¯à¡D
   
24. ¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/ip-down

   §A¥i¥H«Ø¥ß¤@«ü¥O½Z¦b³s±µ¤@¥¹µ²§ô¤§«á°õ¦æ¡D³o¦s©ñ¦b /etc/ppp/ip-down ¸Ì
   ¡D ³o¥i¥H¥Î¨ÓÁÙ­ì¥ô¦ó¹ïÀ³§A¦b /etc/ppp/ip-up «ü¥O½Z¤¤°µªº¯S®í°Ê§@¡D
   
25. °Ï°ìºô¸ô¤Wªº»¼°e°ÝÃD

   ¦pªG§A¤w¸g³s±µ¦b¬Y­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W¦ý¬O¤´µM·Q­n¨Ï¥Î¦b§A­Ó¤Hªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¤Wªº
   pppd ªº¸Ü¡A§A±o­nÀ³¥I¬Y¨Ç»¼°e«Ê¥]ªº°ÝÃD¡A±q§Aªº¾÷¾¹¨ì§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡]¸g¹L
   §Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¬É­±¡^¥H¤Î¨ì»·ºÝªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹©M§ó¥~­±ªº¥@¬É¡D
   
   ³o¤@¸`¨Ã¤£¹Á¸Õ±Ð§A¦³Ãö«Ê¥]»¼°eªº¾÷¨î ¡Ð ¥¦¥u³B²z¤@­Ó²³æªº¡A¯S©wªº»¼°e
   ±¡ªp¡]ÀRºAªº¡^!
   
   ¦pªG§A¤£¼ô±x»¼°e¾÷¨îªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò§Ú±j¯P¦a¹ªÀy§A¾\Ū Linux Network
   Administrator Guide (NAG)¡D ¦P®É O'Reilly ªº®Ñ "TCP/IP Network
   Administration" ¤]¥H«D±`®e©ö¤F¸Ñªº¤è¦¡²[»\¤F³o­Ó¥DÃD¡D
   
   ÀRºA»¼°e¸ô®|ªº°ò¥»³W«h¬O¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|À³¸Ó¬O«ü¦Vºô¸ô¦ì§}¸¹½X³Ì¦hªº¨º¤@­Ó
   ¡D ¹ï©ó¨ä¥¦ªººô¸ô«h¦b»¼°eªí®æ¤¤¿é¤J«ü©w»¼°e¸ô®|¡D
   
   §Ú°ß¤@¥´ºâ¦b³o¸Ì¤¶²Ðªº±¡ªp¬O§Aªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¦b¤@­Ó¨S¦³³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ôªº°Ï°ì
   ºô¸ô¤W ¡Ð ¦Ó§A·Q­n¦b¤´µM³s±µµÛ°Ï°ìºô¸ôªº±¡ªp¤U¼·±µ¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¨Ñ¦Û¤v¨Ï
   ¥Î¡D
   
   ­º¥ý¡A½T©w§Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô»¼°e¸ô®|¬O³]©¹¯à°÷³q¹L§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ôªº«ü©wºô¸ô¦ì§}
   ¡Ð ¤£¬O³]©¹¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|!
   
   Âǥѵo¥X route «ü¥OÀˬd¤§¡A§AÀ³¸Ó·|¬Ý¨£¦p¤Uªº°T®§:
   
[root@hwin /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags MSS    Window Use Iface
loopback        *               255.255.255.0   U     1936   0       50 lo
10.0.0.0        *               255.255.255.0   U     1436   0      565 eth0

   ¦pªG§Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô¬É­± (eth0) «ü¦V¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|¡A¡]¦b eth0 ¸Ó¦æªº²Ä¤@¦C¤W
   ·|Åã¥Ü "default" ¦r¼Ë¡^¨º»ò§A±o­nÅܧó§Aªº¤A¤Óºô¸ô°_©l«ü¥O½Z¨Ï¥¦«ü¦V¯S©w
   ªººô¸ô¸¹½X¦Ó«D¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|¡]°Ñ·Ó Net2 HOWTO ¥H¤Î NAG¡^¡D
   
   ³o±N¤¹³\ pppd ³]¥ß§Aªº¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|¡A¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü:
   
[root@hwin /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table

Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags MSS    Window Use Iface
10.144.153.51   *               255.255.255.255 UH    488    0        0 ppp0
127.0.0.0       *               255.255.255.0   U     1936   0       50 lo
10.1.0.0        *               255.255.255.0   U     1436   0      569 eth0
default         10.144.153.51   *               UG    488    0        3 ppp0

   ¦p¦P§A©Ò¨£¨ìªº¡A§Ú­Ì¾Ö¦³¸g¥Ñ ppp0 ¨ì PPP ¦øªA¾¹(10.144.153.51)ªº¥D¾÷»¼
   °e³]©w¦Ó¥B¤]¾Ö¦³¨Ï¥Î PPP ¦øªA¾¹§@¬°¹h¹Dªº¹w³]ºô¸ô»¼°e³]©w¡D
   
   ¦pªG§Aªº³]©w±o­n¤ñ¦¹§ó½ÆÂø ¡Ð ¾\Ū¤w¸g´£¹L¦³Ãö»¼°eªº¤å¥ó¨Ã½Ð±Ð¦b§A¨­®Ç
   ªº±M®a!
   
   ¦pªG§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W¤w¸g¦³¸ô¥Ñ¾¹¡A¨º»ò¦b§A¨º¸Ì¤w¸g«Ø¥ß¤F³q©¹¼e¼sºô¸ô¥@¬É
   ªº¹h¹D¡D §A¤´À³§â§Aªº¹w³]»¼°e¸ô®|«ü©¹ PPP ¬É­± ¡Ð ¨Ã¥B¨Ï¨ä¥¦ªº»¼°e¸ô®|
   «ü©w¨ì¥Ñ¸ô¥Ñ¾¹ªA°Èªººô¸ô¡D
   
25.1 ¦w¥þ¤Wªºª`·N¨Æ¶µ

   ·í§A¦b²{¦³ªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤W³]©w¤@¥x Linux ¾÷¾¹³sµ²¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¡A§A¦b¤£ª¾¤£Ä±
   ¤¤¤w¸g¹ïºô»Úºô¸ô ¡Ð ¥H¤Î¦b¨º¸ÌªºÀb«È­Ì ¡Ð ¶}©ñ¤F§Aªº¾ã­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¡D ¦b§A
   ³o¼Ë°µ¤§«e¡A§Ú±j¯P¦a¹ªÀy§A½Ð±Ð§Aªººô¸ôºÞ²zªÌ¨Ã°Ñ¦Ò¸Ó³Bªº¦w¥þµ¦²¤¡D ¦pªG
   §Aªº PPP ³s½u³Q¦¨¥\¦a¥Î¨Ó§ðÀ»§Aªº¯¸¥xªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò§A³Ì¤Ö¤]·|©Û­P¦P¹Ùªº¨Ï¥Î
   ªÌ¡Aºô¸ô¤Î¨t²ÎªººÞ²zªÌ±j¯Pªº¼««ã¡D §A¤]¥i¯à·|µo²{§A¦Û¤v¸m¨­©ó«D±`ÄY­«ªº
   ³Â·Ð!
   
   ¦b§A³s±µ°Ï°ìºô¸ô¨ìºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥h¤§«e¡A¬Æ¦Ü¬O°ÊºAªº³s½u§A³£À³¸Ó­n¦Ò¼{¦w¥þ
   ªºÁô¼~ ¡Ð ¦]¦¹¦­ÂI°Ñ¦Ò O'Reilly ªº "Building Internet Firewalls"!
   
26. «Ø¥ß PPP ¦øªA¾¹

   ¦p¦P«e­±´£¹Lªº¡A³o¥ó¤u§@¦³³\¦h¤èªk¥i¥H¥i¥H¹F¦¨¡D §Ú¦b³o¸Ì©Ò¤¶²Ðªº¬O§Ú«ç
   »ò°µªº¤èªk¡]¨Ï¥Î Cyclades ¦h°ð¦ê¦C¥d¡^¥H¤Î¤@²Õ¦Û°ÊÂà±µªº¹q¸Ü½u¸ô¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¤£³ßÅw§Ú¦b³o¸Ì¤¶²Ðªº¤èªk¡A½Ð¦Û¥Ñ¦a¨Ï¥Î§A¦Û¤vªº¤èªk¡D ¤£¹L¡A§Ú«Ü¼Ö
   ·N¦b³o¥÷¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú¥¼¨Óªºª©¥»¤¤¥]§tÃB¥~ªº¤è¦¡¡D©Ò¥H¡A½Ð§â§Aªºµû½×¸ò¤èªk±H
   µ¹§Ú!
   
   ½Ðª`·N¡A³o¤@¸`¥u¸ò¦p¦ó³]©w Linux §@¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹¦³Ãö¡D§Ú¤£·Q¡]¤£´¿¡^¥]
   §t¦³Ãö³]©w¯S®í²×ºÝ¾÷¦øªA¾¹¤Î³o¤@Ãþªº¸ê°T¡D
   
   ¦Ó¥B¡A§Ú©|¥¼¹êÅç¹L°t¦X shadow ±K½X¨Ï¥Î¡]¦ýÀ³¸Ó·|°µ¡^¡D¦]¦¹¥Ø«e¤¶²Ðªº¸ê
   °T¨Ã¤£¥]§t¥ô¦ó shadow »Ý­nªº³]©w¡D
   
26.1 ½sĶ®Ö¤ß

   ©Ò¦³¦­¥ý´£¹LÃö©ó½sĶ®Ö¤ß¥H¤Î®Ö¤ß»P pppd ª©¥»ªº»¡©ú³£¾A¥Î¡D³o¸`°²³]§A¤w
   ¸gŪ¹L³o¥÷¤å¥ó«e­±ªº³¹¸`!
   
   ¹ï©ó PPP ¦øªA¾¹¡A§A¥²¶·¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß¤¤¥]§t IP forwarding ªº¥\¯à¡D §A¤]¥i¯à
   ·|§Æ±æ¥]§t¨ä¥¦ªº¥\¯à¡]¹³¬O IP firewalls, accounting µ¥µ¥¡^¡D
   
   ¦pªG§A¨Ï¥Î¦h°ð¦ê¦C¥d¡A¨º»ò§A¤]¥²¶·©ú½T¦a¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß¤¤¥]§t¥²­nªºÅX°Êµ{
   ¦¡!
   
26.2 ¦øªA¾¹¨t²Îªº·§Æ[

   §Ú­Ì¨Ï¥Î¬Û¦Pªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡þ±K½X°t¹ï´£¨Ñ¼·±µ PPP (and SLIP) ±b¸¹¥H¤Î
   shell ±b¸¹¡D ³o¼Ë°µªº¦n³B¡]¹ï§Ú­Ì¦Ó¨¥¡^¬O¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥u»Ý­n¤@­Ó±b¸¹´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î
   ©Ò¦³ºØÃþªº³s½u¡D
   
   ¦]¬°§Ú­Ì¬O±Ð¨|²Õ´¡A§Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£¹ï¾­û¥H¤Î¾Ç¥Íªº¨Ï¥Î¦¬¶O¡A©Ò¥H¤£¥²¾á¤ß­pºâ
   »P¦¬¶Oªº°ÝÃD¡D
   
   ¦b§Ú­Ìªº¸`ÂI»Pºô»Úºô¸ô¤§¶¡§Ú­Ì³]¸m¦³¤@¥x¨¾¤õÀð¡A¦Ó³o·|­­¨î¬Y¨Ç¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº
   ¦s¨ú¡A¦]¬°¼·±µ½u¸ô¬O¦b§Ú­Ìªº¡]ºô»Úºô¸ô¡^¨¾¤õÀ𤺡]²z¥Ñ«Ü©úÅã¡A¨ä¥Lºô»Ú
   ºô¸ô¨¾¤õÀ𪺲Ӹ`¤]¤£·|¦b¦¹¥X²{¦Ó¥B¦b¥ô¦ó±¡ªp¤U³£¨S¦³Ãö«Y¡^¡D
   
   ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ«Ø¥ß³s©¹§Ú­Ì¸`ÂI¤§ PPP ³sµ²ªºµ{§Ç¡]·íµM¬O¦b¥L­Ì¾Ö¦³¦³®Äªº±b¸¹«á¡^
   ¬O:
     * ¼·¤J§Ú­Ìªº¦Û°ÊÂà±µ¼·¸¹¾¹¡]³o¬O³sµ²¤@°ï¼Æ¾Ú¾÷ªº³æ¤@¹q¸Ü¸¹½X ¡Ð ²Ä¤@
       ¥xªÅ¶¢ªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷·|±µ°_¼·¤Jªº¹q¸Ü¡^¡D
     * ¨Ï¥Î¤@¹ï¦³®Äªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¥H¤Î±K½Xñ¤J¡D
     * ¦b shell ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤U¡Aµo¥X ppp «ü¥O¥H±Ò°Ê¦øªA¾¹¤Wªº PPP µ{§Ç¡D
     * ±Ò°Ê¥L­Ì¾÷¾¹¤Wªº PPP¡]¥i¥H¬O°õ¦æ Windows, DOS, Linux, MAC OS ©Î¥ô¦ó
       §@·~¨t²Îªº¾÷¾¹ ¡Ð ³o¬O¥L­Ìªº°ÝÃD¡^¡D
       
   ³o¥x¦øªA¾¹¬°¨C­Ó¼·¤Jªº°ð¨Ï¥Î­Ó§Oªº /etc/ppp/options.ttyXX ÀɮסA¦Ó³o¬°
   °ÊºAªº IP ¤À°t³]©w»·ºÝªº IP ¸¹½X¡D ¦øªA¾¹¬°»·¦aªº«È¤áºÝ¨Ï¥Î¥N²z¦ì§}¸ÑªR
   ¨ó©w(proxyarp)¨Ó»¼°e«Ê¥]¡]¸g¥Ñ¾A·íªº pppd ¿ï¶µ¥[¥H³]©w¡^¡D ³oÁקK¤F¨Ï¥Î
   routed ©Î¬O gated ªº»Ý¨D¡D
   
   ·í¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±q¥L­Ì¨ººÝ±¾Â_®É¡Apppd ·|°»´ú¥X¨Ó¨Ã§i¶D¼Æ¾Ú¾÷­n¥¦±¾Â_¡A¦P®É°±±¼
   PPP ³sµ²¡D
   
26.3 ©Ò»Ýªº¥þ³¡³nÅé

   §A±N·|»Ý­n¤U¦Cªº³nÅé:-
     * Linux¡A¾A·í¦a½sĶ¥H¥]§t¥²­nªº¿ï¶µ¡D
     * ¾A¦X©ó§A®Ö¤ßªº pppd ª©¥»¡D
     * ¤@®M¯à°÷Áo©ú¦a³B²z¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³q°Tªº 'getty' µ{¦¡¡D
       ¦b³o¸Ì§Ú­Ì¨Ï¥Îªº¬O getty_ps2.0.7h ¡A¦ý¿n·¥¦Ò¼{ mgetty¡D §Ú¤F¸Ñ
       mgetty ¥i¥H°»´ú¥X¨Ï¥Î pap/chap ªº©I¥s¡] pap ¬O Windows 95 ¨Ï¥Îªº¼Ð
       ·Ç¡^¨Ã¦Û°Ê¦a°_°Ê pppd¡A¦ý¬O§Ú©|¥¼¬ã¨s¹L¥¦¡D
     * §Aªº¼·±µ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¯à°÷¦s¨úªº¤@¥x»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹ (DNS)¡D
       ¦pªG¦³¥i¯àªº¸Ü§A¯uªºÀ³¸Ó°õ¦æ§A¦Û¤vªº»â°ì¦WºÙ¦øªA¾¹...
       
26.4 ³]©w¼Ð·Çªº¼·±µ(shell access)

   ¦b§A¥i¥H³]¥ß§Aªº PPP ¦øªA¾¹¤§«e¡A§Aªº Linux ¾÷¾¹¥²¶·¯à°÷³B²z¼Ð·Çªº¼·±µ
   ¦s¨ú¡D
   
   ³o¥÷¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú¨Ã¤£²[»\³o¶µ³]©w¤èªk¡D½Ð°Ñ¾\§A¿ï¾Ü¤§ getty ªº¤å¥ó¥H¤Î
   [43]Serial HOWTO ¸Ì¦³Ãö³o¶µ³]©wªº¸ê°T¡D
   
26.5 ³]¥ß PPP ¿ï¶µÀÉ®×

   §A±N±o¬°©Ò¦³¼·±µ°ð³]¥ß¤@­Ó¥þÅ骺 /etc/ppp/options ÀɮסA¨ä¤¤¬O³q¥Îªº¿ï
   ¶µ¡D §Ú­Ì¨Ï¥Îªº¿ï¶µ¬O:
     _________________________________________________________________
   
asyncmap 0
netmask 255.255.254.0
proxyarp
lock
crtscts
modem
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ª`·N - §Ú­Ì¨S¦³¨Ï¥Î¥ô¦ó(©úÅ㪺)»¼°e³]©w - ¯S§O¬O³o¸Ì¨S¦³ defaultroute
   ¿ï¶µ¡D ³o²z¥Ñ¬O¦]¬°©Ò¦³§A(°µ¬° PPP ¦øªA¾¹)©Ò­n°µªº´N¬O±N«Ê¥]±q PPP «È¤á
   ºÝ»¼°e¨ì§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô©Îºô»Úºô¸ô¨Ã¥B±N«Ê¥]¥Ñ§Aªº°Ï°ìºô¸ô»¼°e¨ì§Aªº«È¤áºÝ
   ¡D
   
   ¥þ³¡©Ò»Ýªº¥u¬O¨ì«È¤á¾÷¾¹ªº¥D¾÷»¼°e¡A¦Ó¨Ï¥Î pppd ªº 'proxyarp' ¿ï¶µ¹F¦¨
   ¡D
   
   ³o­Ó 'proxyarp' ¿ï¶µ³]¥ß¤@­Ó¥N²z¦ì§}¸ÑªR¨ó©wªº¶µ¥Ø©ó PPP ¦øªA¾¹ªº¦ì§}¸Ñ
   ªR¨ó©w(ARP)ªí®æ¤¤¡A¨º°ò¥»¤W´N¬O»¡ '±N©Ò¦³­nµ¹ PPP «È¤áºÝªº«Ê¥]°eµ¹§Ú'¡D
   ³o¬O«Ø¥ß³æ¤@ PPP «È¤áºÝªº»¼°e¸ô®|³Ì²³æªº¤@­Ó¤è¦¡ - ¦ý§A¤£¯à¥Î³oºØ¤è¦¡
   ¦b¨â­Ó°Ï°ìºô¸ô¤§¶¡»¼°e«Ê¥] - §A¥²¶·¥[¤J¾A·íªººô¸ô»¼°e¦Ó¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î¥N²z¦ì§}
   ¸ÑªR¨ó©w¡D
   
   §A´X¥G¤@©w·|§Æ±æ´£¨Ñ°ÊºA¤À°tªº IP ¸¹½Xµ¹§Aªº¼·±µ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡D§A¥i¥HÂǥѤÀ°t
   IP ¸¹½Xµ¹¨C­Ó¼·±µ°ð¨Ó¹F¦¨¥Øªº¡D ²{¦b¡A¬°§Aªº¨C­Ó¼·±µ°ð«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó
   /etc/ppp/options.ttyXX ÀɮסD
   
   ¦b³o¸Ì­±¡A¥u­n²³æ¦a©ñ¤J¥»¦a¡]¦øªA¾¹¡^ªº IP ¸¹½X¤Î¸Ó°ð©Ò­n¨Ï¥Îªº IP ¸¹
   ½X¡D¨Ò¦p
     _________________________________________________________________
   
kepler:slip01
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¯S§Oª`·N¡A¦b³o­ÓÀɮ׸̧A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¦Xªkªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡]§Úµo²{§Ú¥u°O±o¦b§Úºô¸ô
   ¤W­«­n¾÷¾¹»P³]³Æªº IP ¸¹½X ¡Ð ¦WºÙ·|§ó¦³·N¸q¤~¹ï¡^!
   
26.6 ³]©w pppd ¥H«KÅý¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡]¦¨¥\¦a¡^°õ¦æ¥¦

   ¦]¬°°_°Ê ppp ³sµ²Áô§tµÛ°t¸m®Ö¤ß³]³Æ¡]ºô¸ô¬É­±¡^¤Î¾Þ±±®Ö¤ß»¼°eªí®æªº°Ê§@
   ¡A©Ò¥H»Ý­n¯S§OªºÅv­­ ¡Ð ¨Æ¹ê¤W»Ý­n§¹¾ãªº root Åv­­¡D
   
   ©¯¹Bªº¬O¡A pppd ¤w¸g³]­p¦¨¥i¥H¦w¥þ¦a³]©w¬°¥H root ªº¨­¤À°õ¦æ¡D©Ò¥H§A¥²
   ¶·
     _________________________________________________________________
   
chmod u+s /usr/sbin/pppd
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ·í§A¦C¥X³o­ÓÀɮ׮ɡA¥¦À³¸Ó·|¦p¦P³o¼Ë
     _________________________________________________________________
   
-rwsr-xr-x   1 root     root        74224 Apr 28 07:17 /usr/sbin/pppd
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦pªG§A¨S¦³³o¼Ë°µ¡A¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±N¤£¯à³]¥ß¥L­Ìªº PPP ³sµ²¡D
   
26.7 ¬° pppd ³]©w¤@­Ó¥þ°ìªº§O¦W(alias)

   ¬°¤F²¤Æ§Ú­Ì¼·±µ PPP ¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº³s½uµ{§Ç¡A§Ú­Ì«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¥þ°ìªº§O¦W(©ñ¦b
   /etc/bashrc)¦p¦¹¤@¥¹¥L­Ìñ¤J¤§«á¥u­n¤@­Ó²³æªº«ü¥O´N¯à°_°Ê¦øªAºÝªº ppp
   ¡D
   
   ³o¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³
     _________________________________________________________________
   
alias ppp="exec /usr/sbin/pppd -detach"
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¥¦©Ò§@ªº¬O
     * exec : ·N«ü¥H³o­Ó«ü¥O©Ò°õ¦æªºµ{¦¡´À´«¥¿¦b°õ¦æªºµ{¦¡¡]¦b³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¤¤¬O
       shell¡^¡D
     * pppd -detach : °_°Ê pppd ¨Ã¥B¤£­n§â²£¥Íªºµ{§Ç©ñ¤J­I´º°õ¦æ¡D³o½T«O·í
       pppd µ²§ô®É¤£·|¯d¤U¥ô¦óµ{§Ç¡D
       
   ·í¤@­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¹³³o¼Ëñ¤J®É¡A¥L­Ì¦b 'w' ªº¿é¥X¤¤¬Ý°_¨Ó·|¹³³o¼Ë
     _________________________________________________________________
   
  6:24pm  up 3 days,  7:00,  4 users,  load average: 0.05, 0.03, 0.00
User     tty       login@  idle   JCPU   PCPU  what
hartr    ttyC0     3:05am  9:14                -
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ´N³o¼Ë... §Ú§i¶D¹L§A³o¬O¤@­Ó«Ü²³æªº¡A°ò¥»ªº PPP ¦øªA¨t²Î!
   
27. ¦b null modem (ª½±µ³s½u)¤W¨Ï¥Î PPP

   ³o«D±`¦a²³æ - ¦]¬°¨S¦³¼Æ¾Ú¾÷©Ò¥H¨Æ±¡Åܱo§ó®e©ö¡D
   
   ­º¥ý¡A¿ï¾Ü¨ä¤¤¤@³¡¾÷¾¹°µ¬°'¦øªA¾¹'¡A¦b¦ê¦C°ð¤W³]¥ß getty ¥H«KÅý§A¥i¥H
   ±q'«È¤áºÝ'¨Ï¥Î minicom ¥h¨ú¥Î¦¹¦ê¦C°ð¥H´ú¸Õ³s±µ©Ê¡D
   
   ¤@¥¹§A¦¨¥\¤F¡A§A¥i¥H°£¥h³o­Ó getty¡A°£«D§A·Q¥Î¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ/±K½X¨Ó½T»{³s½u
   ¡D ¦]¬°§A¦³¨â³¡¾÷¾¹ªº'¹êÅé±±¨îÅv'¡A§Ú°²³]§A¨Ã¤£·Q¦p¦¹°µ¡D
   
   ²{¦b¡A¦b¦øªA¾¹ºÝ°£¥h getty ¨Ã½T»{§A¤w¦b¨â³¡¾÷¾¹¤W¥¿½T¦a¨Ï¥Î
   'setserial' ¨Ó³]©w¦ê¦C°ð¡D
   
   ©Ò¦³§A­n°µªº´N¬O¦b¨â­Ó¨t²Î¤W±Ò°Ê pppd¡D §Ú°²³]§A¦b¨â¥x¾÷¾¹¤W³£¨Ï¥Î
   /dev/ttyS3 «Ø¥ß³s½u¡D ¦]¦¹¡A¦b¨â³¡¾÷¾¹¤W°õ¦æ«ü¥O:-
     _________________________________________________________________
   
pppd -detach crtscts lock <local IP>:<remote IP> /dev/ttyS3 38400 &
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ³o±N·|«Ø¥ß°_³sµ² - ¦ý¥Ø«e¬°¤î§AÁÙ¥¼«ü©w»¼°e¸ô®|¡D §A¥i¥H¦b¨C³¡¾÷¾¹¤W¥Î
   ping «ü¥O¨Ó´ú¸Õ³sµ²¡D¦pªG³o¼Ë¥i¥Hªº¸Ü¡A²×¤î¨ä¤¤¤@­Ó pppd µ{§Ç¥Hµ²§ô³sµ²
   ¡D
   
   §A»Ý­nªº»¼°e¸ô®|¹ê»Ú¤W¬Ý§A¨s³º·Q°µ¤°»ò¦Ó©w¡D ¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡¡A¨ä¤¤¤@³¡¾÷¾¹·|³s
   ¤W¤A¤Óºô¸ô(¨ä¤Î«áªººô¸ô)¦]¦¹©Ò»Ýªº»¼°e§¹¥þ©M PPP ¦øªA¾¹»P«È¤áºÝ¤@¼Ë¡D
   
   ¦]¦¹¦b¨ã¦³¤A¤Óºô¸ôªº¾÷¾¹¤W¡Apppd ªº«ü¥OÀ³¸Ó¬O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
pppd -detach crtscts lock proxyarp <local IP>:<remote IP> /dev/ttyS3 38400 &
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦Ó¥t¤@³¡¾÷¾¹¤W¬O
     _________________________________________________________________
   
pppd -detach crtscts lock defaultroute <local IP>:<remote IP> /dev/ttyS3 38400
&
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ¦pªG§A³s±µ¨â­Óºô¸ô(¨Ï¥Î¦ê¦C³sµ²!)©Î¦³§ó½ÆÂøªº»¼°e»Ý¨D¡A§A¥i¥H§¹¥þ«ö·Ó³o
   ¥÷¤å¥ó«e­±©Ò´£ªº¤èªk¨Ó¨Ï¥Î /etc/ppp/ip-up¡D
   
   Robert Hart
   Port Hedland, Western Australia
   Melbourne, Victoria, Australia August/October 1996 January/March 1997

References

   1. mailto:hartr@interweft.com.au
   2. http://ultima.ncnu.edu.tw/~asdchen/
   3. http://www.phys.ntu.edu.tw/~cwhuang/pub/
   4. http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/
   5. http://www.interweft.com.au/other/ppp-howto/ppp-howto.html
   6. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/other-formats
   7. http://www.interweft.com.au/
   8. http://www.RedHat.com/
   9. http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/IP-Masquerade
  10. http://www.in.net/info/modems/index.html
  11. http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/LDP-books/nag-1.0/nag.html
  12. http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET-2-HOWTO.html
  13. http://www.in.net/info/modems/index.html
  14. http://www.ora.com/
  15. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/faqs
  16. http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/
  17. http://summer.snu.ac.kr/~djshin/linux/mail-list/index.shtml
  18. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/serial/ppp/ppp-2.2.0g.tar.gz
  19. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#Kernel configuration
  20. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  21. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#Server info
  22. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#Modem
  23. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#DNS
  24. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#root
  25. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#options
  26. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#pap
  27. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#manual
  28. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#automate
  29. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#off
  30. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#problems
  31. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#ip-up
  32. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#dynamic-server
  33. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  34. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0
  35. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/old
  36. http://www.in.net/info/modems/index.html
  37. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  38. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/mini/Kerneld.html
  39. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#dynamic-server
  40. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/PPP-HOWTO.txt.html#dynamic-server
  41. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/DNS-HOWTO.html
  42. http://www.interweft.com.au/other/
  43. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.441/Serial-HOWTO.html