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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="Winds.html#Winds" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Winds </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="Winds.html#Winds" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Top </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<a name="Ancient-notation"></a>
<h1 class="unnumbered">Ancient notation</h1>
<p>These snippets illustrate the Notation Reference,
section <a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond/Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation</a>.
</p>
<a name="adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Ancient-notation"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</h2>
<p>When writing a figured bass, here’s a way to specify if you want your
figures to be placed above or below the bass notes, by defining the
<code>BassFigureAlignmentPositioning #'direction</code> property (exclusively
in a <code>Staff</code> context). Choices are <code>#UP</code> (or <code>#1</code>),
<code>#CENTER</code> (or <code>#0</code>) and <code>#DOWN</code> (or <code>#-1</code>).
</p>
<p>As you can see here, this property can be changed as many times as you
wish. Use <code>\once \override</code> if you don’t want the tweak to apply
to the whole score.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">bass = { \clef bass g4 b, c d e d8 c d2}
continuo = \figuremode {
< _ >4 < 6 >8
\once \override Staff.BassFigureAlignmentPositioning #'direction = #CENTER
<5/> < _ >4
\override Staff.BassFigureAlignmentPositioning #'direction = #UP
< _+ > < 6 >
\set Staff.useBassFigureExtenders = ##t
\override Staff.BassFigureAlignmentPositioning #'direction = #DOWN
< 4 >4. < 4 >8 < _+ >4
}
\score {
<< \new Staff = bassStaff \bass
\context Staff = bassStaff \continuo >>
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../03/lily-7264ea8a.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../03/lily-7264ea8a.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient fonts</h2>
<p>Shown here are many (all?) of the symbols that are included in
LilyPond’s support for ancient notation.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">upperStaff = \new VaticanaStaff = "upperStaff" <<
\context VaticanaVoice <<
\transpose c c {
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.punctum
\key es \major
\clef "vaticana-fa2"
c1 des e f ges
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.inclinatum
a! b ces'
\bar "|"
% \break % 1 (8*1)
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.quilisma
b! des'! ges! fes!
\breathe
\clef "vaticana-fa1"
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.plica
es d
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.reverse.plica
c d
\bar "|"
% \break %2 (8*1)
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.punctum.cavum
es f
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.lpes
g as
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.upes
bes as
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.vupes
g f
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.linea.punctum
\once \override Staff.BarLine #'bar-size = #2.0 \bar "|"
% \break % 3 (8*1)
es d
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.epiphonus
c d
\override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana.cephalicus
es f
\override Staff.KeySignature #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-medicaea-glyph-name-alist
\override Staff.Accidental #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-medicaea-glyph-name-alist
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'medicaea
\override NoteHead #'style = #'medicaea.punctum
\clef "medicaea-fa2"
ces des
\bar "|"
% \break % 4 (8*1)
e! f! ges
\clef "medicaea-do2"
\override NoteHead #'style = #'medicaea.inclinatum
a! b! ces'
\override NoteHead #'style = #'medicaea.virga
b! a!
\bar "|"
% \break % 5 (8*1)
ges fes
\clef "medicaea-fa1"
\override NoteHead #'style = #'medicaea.rvirga
e des ces
\override Staff.KeySignature #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-hufnagel-glyph-name-alist
\override Staff.Accidental #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-hufnagel-glyph-name-alist
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'hufnagel
\override NoteHead #'style = #'hufnagel.punctum
\clef "hufnagel-fa2"
ces des es
\bar "|"
% \break % 6 (8*1)
fes ges
\clef "hufnagel-do2"
\override NoteHead #'style = #'hufnagel.lpes
as! bes! ces'
\override NoteHead #'style = #'hufnagel.virga
bes! as!
\bar "|"
% \break % 7 (8*1)
ges! fes!
\clef "hufnagel-do-fa"
\override NoteHead #'style = #'hufnagel.punctum
es! des ces des! es! fes!
\bar "||"
% \break % 8 (8*1)
s32*1
% \break % 12 (32*1)
}
>>
>>
lowerStaff = \new MensuralStaff = "lowerStaff" <<
\context MensuralVoice <<
\transpose c c {
\key a \major
cis'1 d'\breve gis'\breve e'\breve \[ e'\longa fis'\longa \]
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "neomensural-c2"
cis1
\bar "|"
% \break % 2 (16*1)
\[ g\breve dis''\longa \]
b\breve \[ a\longa d\longa \]
\clef "petrucci-c2"
% \break % 4 (16*1)
fis1 ces1
\clef "petrucci-c2"
r\longa
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "mensural-c2"
r\breve
\bar "|"
% \break % 5 (8*1)
r2
\clef "mensural-g"
r4 r8 r16 r16
\override NoteHead #'style = #'mensural
\override Rest #'style = #'mensural
\clef "petrucci-f"
c8 b, c16 b, c32 b, c64 b, c64 b,
d8 e d16 e d32 e d64 e d64 e
r\longa
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "petrucci-f"
r\breve
\bar "|"
% \break % 6 (8*1)
r\breve
\clef "mensural-f"
r2 r4 r8 r16 r16
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "mensural-f"
e\breve f g a1
\clef "mensural-g"
% \break % 7 (8*1)
\[ bes'!\longa a'!\longa c''!\longa \]
e'1 d' c' d' \bar "|"
\bar "|"
% \break % 9 (16*1)
bes'!\longa fis'!1 as'!1 ges'!\longa % lig
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "mensural-g"
e'2 d' c' \bar "|"
% \break % 11 (16*1)
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "petrucci-g"
c'2 d' e' f'
\clef "petrucci-g"
g' as'! bes'! cis''!
bes'! as'! gis'! fis'!
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\clef "mensural-g"
es'! des'! cis'!1 \bar "||"
% \break % 12 (8*1)
}
>>
>>
\paper {
line-thickness = #(/ staff-space 5.0)
}
\score {
<<
\upperStaff
\lowerStaff
>>
\layout {
indent = 0.0
line-width = 17.25\cm
\context {
\Score
timing = ##f
}
\context {
\MensuralVoice
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Stem #'flag-style = #'mensural
\override Stem #'thickness = #1.0
}
\context {
\MensuralStaff
\revert BarLine #'transparent
\override KeySignature #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-mensural-glyph-name-alist
clefGlyph = #"clefs.petrucci.c2"
}
\context {
\VaticanaStaff
\revert BarLine #'transparent
\override StaffSymbol #'thickness = #2.0
\override KeySignature #'glyph-name-alist = #alteration-vaticana-glyph-name-alist
\override Custos #'neutral-position = #4
}
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../8c/lily-0060bbaf.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../8c/lily-0060bbaf.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Ancient-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</h2>
<p>This example demonstrates how to do modern transcription of Gregorian
music. Gregorian music has no measure, no stems; it uses only half and
quarter note heads, and special marks, indicating rests of different
length.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\include "gregorian.ly"
chant = \relative c' {
\set Score.timing = ##f
f4 a2 \divisioMinima
g4 b a2 f2 \divisioMaior
g4( f) f( g) a2 \finalis
}
verba = \lyricmode {
Lo -- rem ip -- sum do -- lor sit a -- met
}
\score {
\new Staff <<
\new Voice = "melody" \chant
\new Lyrics = "one" \lyricsto melody \verba
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
\remove "Bar_engraver"
\override Stem #'transparent = ##t
}
\context {
\Voice
\override Stem #'length = #0
}
\context {
\Score
barAlways = ##t
}
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../32/lily-101cb049.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../32/lily-101cb049.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-mensural-music.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Ancient-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</h2>
<p>When transcribing mensural music, an incipit at the beginning of the
piece is useful to indicate the original key and tempo. While today
musicians are used to bar lines in order to faster recognize rhythmic
patterns, bar lines were not yet invented during the period of mensural
music; in fact, the meter often changed after every few notes. As a
compromise, bar lines are often printed between the staves rather than
on the staves.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
% incipit
\once \override Score.SystemStartBracket #'transparent = ##t
\override Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment = #1.0 % tight spacing
\key f \major
\time 2/2
\once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Voice.Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##f
\cadenzaOn % turn off bar lines
\skip 1*10
\once \override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
\bar "||"
\skip 1*1 % need this extra \skip such that clef change comes
% after bar line
\bar ""
% main
\revert Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment % CHECK: no effect?
\cadenzaOff % turn bar lines on again
\once \override Staff.Clef #'full-size-change = ##t
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
\override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'default
\override Voice.Rest #'style = #'default
% FIXME: setting printKeyCancellation back to #t must not
% occur in the first bar after the incipit. Dto. for forceClef.
% Therefore, we need an extra \skip.
\skip 1*1
\set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##t
\set Staff.forceClef = ##f
\skip 1*7 % the actual music
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Discantus "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c1"
c'1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*8 % eight bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Altus "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c3"
r1 % one bar
f1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*7 % seven bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble"
r2 g2. e4 fis g | % two bars
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Tenor "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c4"
r\longa % four bars
r\breve % two bars
r1 % one bar
c'1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' | % two bars
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
"..." |
-us. |
}
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bassus "
% incipit
\clef "bass"
r\maxima % eight bars
f1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
\score {
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice =
"discantusNotes" << \global \discantusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"altusNotes" << \global \altusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"tenorNotes" << \global \tenorNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice =
"bassusNotes" << \global \bassusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
% no bars in staves
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
% incipit should not start with a start delimiter
\remove "System_start_delimiter_engraver"
}
\context {
\Voice
% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
% breaking also at those barlines where a note overlaps
% into the next bar. The command is commented out in this
% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../3a/lily-1e025f99.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../3a/lily-1e025f99.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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</p>
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<hr size="6">
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient time signatures</h2>
<p>Time signatures may also be engraved in an old style.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">{
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
s1
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Chant or psalms notation</h2>
<p>This form of notation is used for the chant of the Psalms, where verses
aren’t always the same length.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">stemOn = { \revert Staff.Stem #'transparent }
stemOff = { \override Staff.Stem #'transparent = ##t }
\score {
\new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }
{
\key g \minor
\cadenzaOn
\stemOff a'\breve bes'4 g'4
\stemOn a'2 \bar "||"
\stemOff a'\breve g'4 a'4
\stemOn f'2 \bar "||"
\stemOff a'\breve^\markup { \italic flexe }
\stemOn g'2 \bar "||"
}
}
</pre><p>
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<a name="custodes.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Custodes</h2>
<p>Custodes may be engraved in various styles.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
\new Staff \with { \consists "Custos_engraver" } \relative c' {
\override Staff.Custos #'neutral-position = #4
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'hufnagel
c1^"hufnagel" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'medicaea
c1^"medicaea" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'vaticana
c1^"vaticana" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'mensural
c1^"mensural" \break
<d a' f'>1
}
</pre><p>
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border="0"
src="../c0/lily-236d0581.png"
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<a name="incipit.ly"></a>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Incipit</h2>
<p>Incipits can be added using the instrument name grob, but
keeping separate the instrument name definition and the incipit definition.
</p><pre class="verbatim">incipit =
#(define-music-function (parser location incipit-music) (ly:music?)
#{
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'self-alignment-X = #RIGHT
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'self-alignment-Y = #UP
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'Y-offset = #4
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'padding = #0.3
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'stencil =
#(lambda (grob)
(let* ((instrument-name (ly:grob-property grob 'long-text))
(layout (ly:output-def-clone (ly:grob-layout grob)))
(music (make-music 'SequentialMusic
'elements (list (make-music 'ContextSpeccedMusic
'context-type 'MensuralStaff
'element (make-music 'PropertySet
'symbol 'instrumentName
'value instrument-name))
$incipit-music)))
(score (ly:make-score music))
(mm (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'mm))
(indent (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'indent))
(width (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'incipit-width))
(incipit-width (if (number? width)
(* width mm)
(* indent 0.5))))
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'indent (- indent incipit-width))
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'line-width indent)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'ragged-right #f)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'ragged-last #f)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'system-count 1)
(ly:score-add-output-def! score layout)
(ly:grob-set-property! grob 'long-text
(markup #:score score))
(ly:system-start-text::print grob)))
#})
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
% the actual music
\skip 1*8
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "discantusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c1"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
c''1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto discantusIncipit { IV- }
>>
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "altusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c3"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r1 f'1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto altusIncipit { IV- }
>>
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
% two measures
r2 g2. e4 fis g |
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% two measures
Ju -- bi -- la -- te |
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "tenorIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c4"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r\longa
r\breve
r1 c'1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto tenorIncipit { IV- }
>>
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\once \override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-6 . 3)
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
% two measures
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
% two measures
Ju -- bi -- la -- te |
"..." |
-us.
}
bassusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "bassusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "bass"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
%% incipit
r\maxima
f1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto bassusIncipit { IV- }
>>
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us.
}
\score {
<<
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice = "discantusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Discantus"
\incipit \discantusIncipit
\discantusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice = "altusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Altus"
\incipit \altusIncipit
\altusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice = "tenorNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Tenor"
\incipit \tenorIncipit
\tenorNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice = "bassusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bassus"
\incipit \bassusIncipit
\bassusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
>>
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
%% no bar lines in staves or lyrics
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
}
%% the next two instructions keep the lyrics between the bar lines
\context {
\Lyrics
\consists "Bar_engraver"
\consists "Separating_line_group_engraver"
}
\context {
\Voice
%% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
%% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
%% breaking also at those bar lines where a note overlaps
%% into the next measure. The command is commented out in this
%% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
%% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
%% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
indent = 6\cm
incipit-width = 4\cm
}
}
</pre><p>
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src="../fc/lily-d16d1551.png"
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</h2>
<p>The mensurstriche-layout where the bar lines do not show on the staves
but between staves can be achieved with a <code>StaffGroup</code> instead of
a <code>ChoirStaff</code>. The bar line on staves is blanked out by setting
the <code>transparent</code> property.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
s1 s
% the final bar line is not interrupted
\revert Staff.BarLine #'transparent
\bar "|."
}
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
<<
\new Staff { << \global { c1 c } >> }
\new Staff { << \global { c c } >> }
>>
}
</pre><p>
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border="0"
src="../ff/lily-72945b85.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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</p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Rest styles</h2>
<p>Rests may be used in various styles.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout {
indent = 0.0
\context {
\Staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
}
}
\new Staff \relative c {
\cadenzaOn
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'mensural
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { mensural }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 s32 s64 s128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'neomensural
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { neomensural }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 s32 s64 s128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'classical
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { classical }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'default
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { default }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r128 s128
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../96/lily-5dba928c.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../96/lily-5dba928c.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<a name="transcription-of-ancient-music-with-incipit.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next chapter"> World music >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Ancient-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Ancient notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="World-music.html#World-music" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> World music > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</h2>
<p>As a workaround to get real incipits which are independent from the
main score these are included as a markup into the field normally used
for the instrument name. As for now lyrics can only be added as a
direct markup. It doesn’t unfortunately conform with the spacing of the
main lyrics.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
%make the staff lines invisible on staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
\skip 1*8 % the actual music
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
r2 g2. e4 fis g | % two bars
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' | % two bars
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
"..." |
-us.
}
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us.
}
incipitDiscantus = \markup{
\score{
{
\set Staff.instrumentName="Discantus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c1"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
c''1._"IV-" s2 %two bars
\skip 1*8 % eight bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitAltus = \markup{
\score{
{
\set Staff.instrumentName="Altus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c3"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r1 % one bar
f'1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
\skip 1*7 % seven bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitTenor = \markup{
\score{ {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Tenor "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c4"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r\longa % four bars
r\breve % two bars
r1 % one bar
c'1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
\skip 1 % one bar
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitBassus = \markup{
\score{ {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Bassus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "bass"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
% incipit
r\maxima % eight bars
f1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
%StaffGroup is used instead of ChoirStaff to get bar lines between systems
\score {
<<
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice =
"discantusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitDiscantus
\discantusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"altusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitAltus
\altusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"tenorNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitTenor
\tenorNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice =
"bassusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitBassus
\bassusNotes >>
>>
\new Lyrics =
"bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
%Keep the bass lyrics outside of the staff group to avoid bar lines
%between the lyrics.
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
% no bars in staves
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
}
% the next three instructions keep the lyrics between the barlines
\context { \Lyrics
\consists "Bar_engraver"
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t }
\context { \StaffGroup \consists "Separating_line_group_engraver" }
\context {
\Voice
% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
% breaking also at those barlines where a note overlaps
% into the next bar. The command is commented out in this
% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
indent=5\cm
}
}
</pre><p>
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title="Documentation Index"><< Back to Documentation Index</a></p>
<h4 class="toc_header"> <a href="index.html#Top" title="Start of the manual">Snippets List</a></h4>
<div class="contents">
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Pitches-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Pitches</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-sequence-of-notes-on-various-pitches" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Creating a sequence of notes on various pitches</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dodecaphonic_002dstyle-accidentals-for-each-note-including-naturals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Dodecaphonic-style accidentals for each note including naturals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Generating-random-notes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Generating random notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Makam example</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-extra-naturals-from-being-automatically-added" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing extra naturals from being automatically added</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-natural-signs-from-being-printed-when-the-key-signature-changes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing natural signs from being printed when the key signature changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transposing-music-with-minimum-accidentals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Transposing music with minimum accidentals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythms-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythms</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beam-subdivisions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beam subdivisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beams-two-per-two-in-4_002f4-or-2_002f2-time-signature" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beams two per two in 4/4 or 2/2 time signature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-endings-in-Score-context" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam endings in Score context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-grouping-in-7_002f8-time" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam grouping in 7/8 time</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beams-across-line-breaks" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beams across line breaks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-beam-knee-gap" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing beam knee gap</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-time-signature-without-affecting-the-beaming" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the time signature without affecting the beaming</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-tuplet-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the tuplet number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Compound-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Compound time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Conducting-signs_002c-measure-grouping-signs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Conducting signs, measure grouping signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engraving-ties-manually" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Engraving ties manually</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Entering-several-tuplets-using-only-one-_005ctimes-command" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Entering several tuplets using only one \times command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flat-flags-and-beam-nibs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Flat flags and beam nibs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-rehearsal-marks-to-start-from-a-given-letter-or-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Forcing rehearsal marks to start from a given letter or number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grouping-beats" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Grouping beats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Merging-multi_002dmeasure-rests-in-a-polyphonic-part" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Merging multi-measure rests in a polyphonic part</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-tuplet-bracket-length" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Modifying tuplet bracket length</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Permitting-line-breaks-within-beamed-tuplets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Permitting line breaks within beamed tuplets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Reverting-default-beam-endings" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Reverting default beam endings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Specifying-context-with-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Specifying context with beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stemlets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Stemlets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Sub_002ddividing-beams" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Sub-dividing beams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-beatLength-and-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using beatLength and beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-ties-with-arpeggios" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using ties with arpeggios</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Expressive-marks-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Expressive marks</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-parentheses-around-an-expressive-mark-or-chordal-note" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding parentheses around an expressive mark or chordal note</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adjusting the shape of falls and doits</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Breathing-signs" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Breathing signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Broken-crescendo-hairpin" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Broken crescendo hairpin</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-breath-mark-symbol" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the breath mark symbol</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Contemporary-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Contemporary glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-arpeggios-across-notes-in-different-voices" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating arpeggios across notes in different voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-a-piano-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in a piano staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-other-contexts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in other contexts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Hiding-the-extender-line-for-text-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Hiding the extender line for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Line-arrows" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Line arrows</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-default-values-for-articulation-shorthand-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Modifying default values for articulation shorthand notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-hairpins-using-al-niente-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing hairpins using al niente notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting hairpin behavior at bar lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting the minimum length of hairpins</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-double-slurs-for-legato-chords" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Using double slurs for legato chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-dynamics-across-multiple-notes" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Vertically aligning dynamics across multiple notes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Repeats-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Repeats</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-volta-brackets-to-additional-staves" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Adding volta brackets to additional staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Isolated-percent-repeats" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Isolated percent repeats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-counter" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-segno-and-coda-_0028with-line-break_0029" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Positioning segno and coda (with line break)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Shortening-volta-brackets" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Shortening volta brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-2" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-text-markup-using-repeatCommands" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta text markup using <code>repeatCommands</code></a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Simultaneous-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Simultaneous notes</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Additional-voices-to-avoid-collisions" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Additional voices to avoid collisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-2" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-partcombine-texts" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing partcombine texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Staff-notation-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Staff notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-number-of-lines-in-a-staff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the number of lines in a staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-tempo-without-a-metronome-mark" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the tempo without a metronome mark</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-metronome-marks-in-markup-mode" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating metronome marks in markup mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Incipit" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-score-fragments-above-a-staff_002c-as-markups" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Inserting score fragments above a staff, as markups</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tick-bar-lines" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tick bar lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Editorial-annotations-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Editorial annotations</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Default direction of stems on the center line of the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-changing-their-appearance" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: changing their appearance</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-emphasizing-rhythms-and-notes-synchronization" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: emphasizing rhythms and notes synchronization</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Text-1" href="Text.html#Text">Text</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-2" href="Text.html#Text">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-1" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-marks-with-various-notation-objects" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning marks with various notation objects</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command-1" href="Text.html#Text">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family-1" href="Text.html#Text">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts-1" href="Text.html#Text">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-2" href="Text.html#Text">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-1" href="Text.html#Text">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block-1" href="Text.html#Text">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables-1" href="Text.html#Text">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics" href="Text.html#Text">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment-1" href="Text.html#Text">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Markup-lines" href="Text.html#Text">Markup lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text" href="Text.html#Text">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Outputting-the-version-number" href="Text.html#Text">Outputting the version number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-at-the-end-of-a-line-or-a-score" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks at the end of a line or a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-on-every-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks on every staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stand_002dalone-two_002dcolumn-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Stand-alone two-column markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box-1" href="Text.html#Text">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-UTF_002d8" href="Text.html#Text">UTF-8</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-1" href="Text.html#Text">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-music-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-stanza-fonts" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Changing stanza fonts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-3" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-centered-common-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically centered common lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-2" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chords</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-bar-lines-to-ChordNames-context" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding bar lines to ChordNames context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-3" href="Chords.html#Chords">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-chord-separator" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing chord separator</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-chord-names-to-German-or-semi_002dGerman-notation" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the chord names to German or semi-German notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-positions-of-figured-bass-alterations" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the positions of figured bass alterations</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chord-name-exceptions" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chord name exceptions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-chord-name-major7" href="Chords.html#Chords">chord name major7</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings" href="Chords.html#Chords">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-break-figured-bass-extenders-for-only-some-numbers" href="Chords.html#Chords">Manually break figured bass extenders for only some numbers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Showing-chords-at-changes" href="Chords.html#Chords">Showing chords at changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Simple-lead-sheet" href="Chords.html#Chords">Simple lead sheet</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Volta under chords</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Keyboards-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Keyboards</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Accordion_002ddiscant-symbols" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Accordion-discant symbols</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Indicating-cross_002dstaff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Indicating cross-staff chords with arpeggio bracket</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-3" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-beaters" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion beaters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Fretted-strings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Defining predefined fretboards for other instruments</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Faking-a-hammer-in-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Faking a hammer in tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fingerings_002c-string-indications_002c-and-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fingerings, string indications, and right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flamenco-notation" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Flamenco notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-2" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Placement-of-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Placement of right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Polyphony-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Polyphony in tablature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Stem and beam behavior in tablature</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Unfretted-strings-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Unfretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Winds-1" href="Winds.html#Winds">Winds</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Flute-slap-notation" href="Winds.html#Winds">Flute slap notation</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Ancient-fonts" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient fonts</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Ancient-time-signatures" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient time signatures</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Custodes" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Custodes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-2" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Rest-styles" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-World-music-1" href="World-music.html#World-music">World music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Arabic-improvisation" href="World-music.html#World-music">Arabic improvisation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example" href="World-music.html#World-music">Makam example</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Contexts-and-engravers-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Contexts and engravers</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engravers-one_002dby_002done" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Engravers one-by-one</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-3" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaks-and-overrides-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaks and overrides</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-properties-for-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing properties for individual grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Custodes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Custodes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Drawing-boxes-around-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing boxes around grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Drawing-circles-around-various-objects" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing circles around various objects</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-the-_005ctweak-command-to-tweak-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using the <code>\tweak</code> command to tweak individual grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Paper-and-layout-1" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Paper and layout</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-2" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Book-parts" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Book parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clip-systems" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Clip systems</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Table-of-contents" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Table of contents</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Titles-1" href="Titles.html#Titles">Titles</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-the-current-date-to-a-score" href="Titles.html#Titles">Adding the current date to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names" href="Titles.html#Titles">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-2" href="Titles.html#Titles">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Spacing</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Page-label" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Page label</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-2" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-MIDI-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">MIDI</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demo-MidiInstruments" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Demo MidiInstruments</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Templates-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Templates</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Score-for-diatonic-accordion" href="Templates.html#Templates">Score for diatonic accordion</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-2" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-only-notes" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with only notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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