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<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<h1 class="unnumbered">Staff notation</h1>
<p>These snippets illustrate the Notation Reference,
section <a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond/Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Staff notation</a>.
</p>
<a name="adding-ambitus-per-voice.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Adding ambitus per voice</h2>
<p>Ambitus can be added per voice. In this case, the ambitus must be moved
manually to prevent collisions.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\new Staff <<
\new Voice \with {
\consists "Ambitus_engraver"
} \relative c'' {
\override Ambitus #'X-offset = #2.0
\voiceOne
c4 a d e
f1
}
\new Voice \with {
\consists "Ambitus_engraver"
} \relative c' {
\voiceTwo
es4 f g as
b1
}
>>
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Adding an extra staff at a line break</h2>
<p>When adding a new staff at a line break, some extra space is
unfortunately added at the end of the line before the break (to fit in
a key signature change, which will never be printed anyway). The
workaround is to add a setting of
<code>Staff.explicitKeySignatureVisibility</code> as is shown in the example.
In versions 2.10 and earlier, a similar setting for the time signatures
is also required (see the example).
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\score {
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
\new Staff
\key f \major
c1 c^"Unwanted extra space" \break
<< { c1 c }
\new Staff {
\key f \major
\once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
c1 c
}
>>
c1 c^"Fixed here" \break
<< { c1 c }
\new Staff {
\once \set Staff.explicitKeySignatureVisibility = #end-of-line-invisible
% The next line is not needed in 2.11.x or later:
\once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'break-visibility = #end-of-line-invisible
\key f \major
\once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
c1 c
}
>>
}
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Adding an extra staff</h2>
<p>An extra staff can be added (possibly temporarily) after the start of a
piece.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\score {
<<
\new Staff \relative c'' { c1 c c c c }
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
\new Staff {
c1 c
<< c1 \new Staff { \once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f c1 } >>
c
}
}
>>
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing the number of lines in a staff</h2>
<p>The number of lines in a staff may changed by overriding the
<code>StaffSymbol</code> property <code>line-count</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">upper = \relative c'' {
c4 d e f
}
lower = \relative c {
\clef bass
c4 b a g
}
\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\new Staff {
\upper
}
\new Staff {
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\lower
}
>>
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing the staff size</h2>
<p>Though the simplest way to resize staves is to use
<code>#(set-global-staff-size xx)</code>, an individual staff’s size can be
changed by scaling the properties <code>'staff-space</code> and
<code>fontSize</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim"><<
\new Staff {
\relative c'' {
\dynamicDown
c8\ff c c c c c c c
}
}
\new Staff \with {
fontSize = #-3
\override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -3)
} {
\clef bass
c8 c c c c\f c c c
}
>>
</pre><p>
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<a name="changing-the-tempo-without-a-metronome-mark.ly"></a>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing the tempo without a metronome mark</h2>
<p>To change the tempo in MIDI output without printing
anything, make the metronome mark invisible:
</p><pre class="verbatim">\score {
\new Staff \relative c' {
\tempo 4 = 160
c4 e g b
c4 b d c
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t
\tempo 4 = 96
d,4 fis a cis
d4 cis e d
}
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre><p>
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<a name="creating-blank-staves.ly"></a>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Creating blank staves</h2>
<p>To create blank staves, generate empty measures then remove the
<code>Bar_number_engraver</code> from the <code>Score</code> context, and the
<code>Time_signature_engraver</code>, <code>Clef_engraver</code> and
<code>Bar_engraver</code> from the <code>Staff</code> context.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">#(set-global-staff-size 20)
\score {
{
\repeat unfold 12 { s1 \break }
}
\layout {
indent = 0\in
\context {
\Staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
\remove "Clef_engraver"
\remove "Bar_engraver"
}
\context {
\Score
\remove "Bar_number_engraver"
}
}
}
\paper {
#(set-paper-size "letter")
ragged-last-bottom = ##f
line-width = 7.5\in
left-margin = 0.5\in
bottom-margin = 0.25\in
top-margin = 0.25\in
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Creating metronome marks in markup mode</h2>
<p>New metronome marks can be created in markup mode,
but they will not change the tempo in MIDI output.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\tempo \markup {
\concat {
(
\smaller \general-align #Y #DOWN \note #"16." #1
" = "
\smaller \general-align #Y #DOWN \note #"8" #1
)
}
}
c1
c4 c' c,2
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</h2>
<p>If there is only one staff in one of the staff types
<code>ChoirStaff</code> or <code>StaffGroup</code>, the bracket and the starting
bar line will not be displayed as standard behavior. This can be changed
by overriding the relevant properties.
</p>
<p>Note that in contexts such as <code>PianoStaff</code> and <code>GrandStaff</code>
where the systems begin with a brace instead of a bracket, another
property has to be set, as shown on the second system in the example.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\markup \left-column {
\score {
\new StaffGroup <<
% Must be lower than the actual number of staff lines
\override StaffGroup.SystemStartBracket #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\override PianoStaff.SystemStartBrace #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
}
</pre><p>
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<a name="incipit.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Incipit</h2>
<p>Incipits can be added using the instrument name grob, but
keeping separate the instrument name definition and the incipit definition.
</p><pre class="verbatim">incipit =
#(define-music-function (parser location incipit-music) (ly:music?)
#{
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'self-alignment-X = #RIGHT
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'self-alignment-Y = #UP
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'Y-offset = #4
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'padding = #0.3
\once \override Staff.InstrumentName #'stencil =
#(lambda (grob)
(let* ((instrument-name (ly:grob-property grob 'long-text))
(layout (ly:output-def-clone (ly:grob-layout grob)))
(music (make-music 'SequentialMusic
'elements (list (make-music 'ContextSpeccedMusic
'context-type 'MensuralStaff
'element (make-music 'PropertySet
'symbol 'instrumentName
'value instrument-name))
$incipit-music)))
(score (ly:make-score music))
(mm (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'mm))
(indent (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'indent))
(width (ly:output-def-lookup layout 'incipit-width))
(incipit-width (if (number? width)
(* width mm)
(* indent 0.5))))
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'indent (- indent incipit-width))
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'line-width indent)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'ragged-right #f)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'ragged-last #f)
(ly:output-def-set-variable! layout 'system-count 1)
(ly:score-add-output-def! score layout)
(ly:grob-set-property! grob 'long-text
(markup #:score score))
(ly:system-start-text::print grob)))
#})
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
% the actual music
\skip 1*8
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "discantusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c1"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
c''1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto discantusIncipit { IV- }
>>
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "altusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c3"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r1 f'1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto altusIncipit { IV- }
>>
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
% two measures
r2 g2. e4 fis g |
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% two measures
Ju -- bi -- la -- te |
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "tenorIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "neomensural-c4"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r\longa
r\breve
r1 c'1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto tenorIncipit { IV- }
>>
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\once \override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-6 . 3)
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
% two measures
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
% two measures
Ju -- bi -- la -- te |
"..." |
-us.
}
bassusIncipit = <<
\new MensuralVoice = "bassusIncipit" <<
\repeat unfold 9 { s1 \noBreak }
{
\clef "bass"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
%% incipit
r\maxima
f1.
}
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto bassusIncipit { IV- }
>>
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us.
}
\score {
<<
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice = "discantusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Discantus"
\incipit \discantusIncipit
\discantusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice = "altusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Altus"
\incipit \altusIncipit
\altusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice = "tenorNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Tenor"
\incipit \tenorIncipit
\tenorNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice = "bassusNotes" <<
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bassus"
\incipit \bassusIncipit
\bassusNotes
>>
\new Lyrics = "bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
>>
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
%% no bar lines in staves or lyrics
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
}
%% the next two instructions keep the lyrics between the bar lines
\context {
\Lyrics
\consists "Bar_engraver"
\consists "Separating_line_group_engraver"
}
\context {
\Voice
%% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
%% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
%% breaking also at those bar lines where a note overlaps
%% into the next measure. The command is commented out in this
%% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
%% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
%% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
indent = 6\cm
incipit-width = 4\cm
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../fc/lily-d16d1551.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../fc/lily-d16d1551.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="inserting-score-fragments-above-a-staff,-as-markups.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Inserting score fragments above a staff, as markups</h2>
<p>The <code>\markup</code> command is quite versatile. In this snippet, it
contains a <code>\score</code> block instead of texts or marks.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">tuning = \markup {
\score {
\new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }
{
\clef bass <c, g, d g>1
}
\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
}
}
\header {
title = "Solo Cello Suites"
subtitle = "Suite IV"
subsubtitle = \markup { Originalstimmung: \general-align #Y #CENTER \tuning }
}
\layout { ragged-right = ##f }
\relative c'' {
\time 4/8
\times 2/3 { c8 d e } \times 2/3 { c d e }
\times 2/3 { c8 d e } \times 2/3 { c d e }
g8 a g a
g8 a g a
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../fe/lily-76847611.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../fe/lily-76847611.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="letter-tablature-formatting.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Letter tablature formatting</h2>
<p>Tablature can be formatted using letters instead of
numbers.
</p><pre class="verbatim">#(define (letter-tablature-format str context event)
(let*
((tuning (ly:context-property context 'stringTunings))
(pitch (ly:event-property event 'pitch)))
(make-whiteout-markup
(make-vcenter-markup
(string (integer->char
(+ (char->integer #\a)
(- (ly:pitch-semitones pitch)
(list-ref tuning (- str 1))))))))))
music = \relative c {
c4 d e f
g4 a b c
d4 e f g
}
<<
\new Staff {
\clef "G_8"
\music
}
\new TabStaff \with {
tablatureFormat = #letter-tablature-format
}
{
\music
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../0a/lily-89845759.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../0a/lily-89845759.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</h2>
<p>For pedagogical purposes, a staff line can be thickened (e.g., the
middle line, or to emphasize the line of the G clef). This can be
achieved by adding extra lines very close to the line that should be
emphasized, using the <code>line-positions</code> property of the
<code>StaffSymbol</code> object.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">{
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-positions = #'(-4 -2 -0.2 0 0.2 2 4)
d'4 e' f' g'
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../77/lily-42e3c516.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../77/lily-42e3c516.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="measure-counter.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Measure counter</h2>
<p>This snippet provides a workaround for emitting measure counters using
transparent percent repeats.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim"><<
\context Voice = "foo" {
\clef bass
c4 r g r
c4 r g r
c4 r g r
c4 r g r
}
\context Voice = "foo" {
\set countPercentRepeats = ##t
\override PercentRepeat #'transparent = ##t
\override PercentRepeatCounter #'staff-padding = #1
\repeat percent 4 { s1 }
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../c2/lily-f8d3859e.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../c2/lily-f8d3859e.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="mensurstriche-layout-bar-lines-between-the-staves.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</h2>
<p>The mensurstriche-layout where the bar lines do not show on the staves
but between staves can be achieved with a <code>StaffGroup</code> instead of
a <code>ChoirStaff</code>. The bar line on staves is blanked out by setting
the <code>transparent</code> property.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
s1 s
% the final bar line is not interrupted
\revert Staff.BarLine #'transparent
\bar "|."
}
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
<<
\new Staff { << \global { c1 c } >> }
\new Staff { << \global { c c } >> }
>>
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../ff/lily-72945b85.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../ff/lily-72945b85.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="modern-tab-text-clef.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Modern TAB text clef</h2>
<p>Use a markup text to replace the (TAB) clef glyph with a modern font.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">TAB = \markup {
\raise #1.5
\sans
\bold
\huge
\override #'(baseline-skip . 2.5)
\center-column {
T
A
B
}
}
\new TabStaff {
\override Staff.Clef #'stencil = #(lambda (grob)
ly:clef::print (grob-interpret-markup grob TAB))
a
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../19/lily-0cc09dd5.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../19/lily-0cc09dd5.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="nesting-staves.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Nesting staves</h2>
<p>The property <code>systemStartDelimiterHierarchy</code> can be used to make
more complex nested staff groups. The command <code>\set
StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiterHierarchy</code> takes an alphabetical list of
the number of staves produced. Before each staff a system start
delimiter can be given. It has to be enclosed in brackets and takes as
much staves as the brackets enclose. Elements in the list can be
omitted, but the first bracket takes always the complete number of
staves. The possibilities are <code>SystemStartBar</code>,
<code>SystemStartBracket</code>, <code>SystemStartBrace</code>, and
<code>SystemStartSquare</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\new StaffGroup
\relative c'' <<
\set StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiterHierarchy
= #'(SystemStartSquare (SystemStartBrace (SystemStartBracket a
(SystemStartSquare b) ) c ) d)
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
>>
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../98/lily-3120b3dd.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="non-traditional-key-signatures.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Non-traditional key signatures</h2>
<p>The commonly used <code>\key</code> command sets the <code>keySignature</code>
property, in the <code>Staff</code> context.
</p>
<p>To create non-standard key signatures, set this property directly. The
format of this command is a list:
</p>
<p><code> \set Staff.keySignature = #`(((octave . step) . alter) ((octave
. step) . alter) ...) </code> where, for each element in the list,
<code>octave</code> specifies the octave (0 being the octave from middle C to
the B above), <code>step</code> specifies the note within the octave (0 means
C and 6 means B), and <code>alter</code> is <code>,SHARP ,FLAT ,DOUBLE-SHARP</code>
etc. (Note the leading comma.) The accidentals in the key signature
will appear in the reverse order to that in which they are specified.
</p>
<p>Alternatively, for each item in the list, using the more concise format
<code>(step . alter)</code> specifies that the same alteration should hold in
all octaves.
</p>
<p>For microtonal scales where a "sharp" is not 100 cents, <code>alter</code>
refers to the alteration as a proportion of a 200-cent whole tone.
</p>
<p>Here is an example of a possible key signature for generating a
whole-tone scale:
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\set Staff.keySignature = #`(((0 . 3) . ,SHARP)
((0 . 5) . ,FLAT)
((0 . 6) . ,FLAT))
c4 d e fis
aes4 bes c2
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
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src="../16/lily-01f358a1.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</h2>
<p>By default, metronome and rehearsal marks are printed above the staff.
To place them below the staff simply set the <code>direction</code> property
of <code>MetronomeMark</code> or <code>RehearsalMark</code> appropriately.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##f }
{
% Metronome marks below the staff
\override Score.MetronomeMark #'direction = #DOWN
\tempo 8. = 120
c''1
% Rehearsal marks below the staff
\override Score.RehearsalMark #'direction = #DOWN
\mark \default
c''1
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../b3/lily-cf262fe9.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../b3/lily-cf262fe9.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="quoting-another-voice-with-transposition.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Quoting another voice with transposition</h2>
<p>Quotations take into account the transposition of both
source and target. In this example, all instruments play sounding
middle C; the target is an instrument in F. The target part may be
transposed using <code>\transpose</code>. In this case, all the pitches
(including the quoted ones) are transposed.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\addQuote clarinet {
\transposition bes
\repeat unfold 8 { d'16 d' d'8 }
}
\addQuote sax {
\transposition es'
\repeat unfold 16 { a8 }
}
quoteTest = {
% french horn
\transposition f
g'4
<< \quoteDuring #"clarinet" { \skip 4 } s4^"clar." >>
<< \quoteDuring #"sax" { \skip 4 } s4^"sax." >>
g'4
}
{
\set Staff.instrumentName =
\markup {
\center-column { Horn \line { in F } }
}
\quoteTest
\transpose c' d' << \quoteTest s4_"up a tone" >>
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../da/lily-4b41bfbe.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../da/lily-4b41bfbe.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="quoting-another-voice.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Quoting another voice</h2>
<p>The <code>quotedEventTypes</code> property determines the
music event types that are quoted. The default value is
<code>(note-event rest-event)</code>, which means that only notes and
rests of the quoted voice appear in the <code>\quoteDuring</code>
expression. In the following example, a 16th rest is not quoted
since <code>rest-event</code> is not in <code>quotedEventTypes</code>.
</p><pre class="verbatim">quoteMe = \relative c' {
fis4 r16 a8.-> b4\ff c
}
\addQuote quoteMe \quoteMe
original = \relative c'' {
c8 d s2
\once \override NoteColumn #'ignore-collision = ##t
es8 gis8
}
<<
\new Staff {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"quoteMe"
\quoteMe
}
\new Staff {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"orig"
\original
}
\new Staff \relative c'' <<
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"orig+quote"
\set Staff.quotedEventTypes =
#'(note-event articulation-event)
\original
\new Voice {
s4
\set fontSize = #-4
\override Stem #'length-fraction = #(magstep -4)
\quoteDuring #"quoteMe" { \skip 2. }
}
>>
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../af/lily-d03a2ed3.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../af/lily-d03a2ed3.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="removing-the-first-empty-line.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Removing the first empty line</h2>
<p>The first empty staff can also be removed from the score by setting the
<code>VerticalAxisGroup</code> property <code>remove-first</code>. This can be done
globally inside the <code>\layout</code> block, or locally inside the
specific staff that should be removed. In the latter case, you have to
specify the context (<code>Staff</code> applies only to the current staff) in
front of the property.
</p>
<p>The lower staff of the second staff group is not removed, because the
setting applies only to the specific staff inside of which it is
written.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout {
\context {
\RemoveEmptyStaffContext
% To use the setting globally, uncomment the following line:
% \override VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
}
}
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \relative c' {
e4 f g a \break
c1
}
\new Staff {
% To use the setting globally, comment this line,
% uncomment the line in the \layout block above
\override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
R1 \break
R
}
>>
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \relative c' {
e4 f g a \break
c1
}
\new Staff {
R1 \break
R
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../67/lily-7bcab1c1.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../67/lily-7bcab1c1.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="tick-bar-lines.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Tick bar lines</h2>
<p>’Tick’ bar lines are often used in music where the bar line is used
only for coordination and is not meant to imply any rhythmic stress.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\set Score.defaultBarType = #"'"
c4 d e f
g4 f e d
c4 d e f
g4 f e d
\bar "|."
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../23/lily-b26d9c71.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../23/lily-b26d9c71.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="time-signature-in-parentheses.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Time signature in parentheses</h2>
<p>The time signature can be enclosed within parentheses.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = #(lambda (grob)
(bracketify-stencil (ly:time-signature::print grob) Y 0.1 0.2 0.1))
\time 2/4
a4 b8 c
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../81/lily-84b092b8.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../81/lily-84b092b8.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="tweaking-clef-properties.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Tweaking clef properties</h2>
<p>The command <code>\clef "treble_8"</code> is equivalent to setting
<code>clefGlyph</code>, <code>clefPosition</code> (which controls the vertical
position of the clef), <code>middleCPosition</code> and
<code>clefOctavation</code>. A clef is printed when any of the properties
except <code>middleCPosition</code> are changed.
</p>
<p>Note that changing the glyph, the position of the clef, or the
octavation does not in itself change the position of subsequent notes
on the staff: the position of middle C must also be specified to do
this. The positional parameters are relative to the staff center line,
positive numbers displacing upwards, counting one for each line and
space. The <code>clefOctavation</code> value would normally be set to 7, -7,
15 or -15, but other values are valid.
</p>
<p>When a clef change takes place at a line break the new clef symbol is
printed at both the end of the previous line and the beginning of the
new line by default. If the warning clef at the end of the previous
line is not required it can be suppressed by setting the <code>Staff</code>
property <code>explicitClefVisibility</code> to the value
<code>end-of-line-invisible</code>. The default behavior can be recovered
with <code>\unset Staff.explicitClefVisibility</code>.
</p>
<p>The following examples show the possibilities when setting these
properties manually. On the first line, the manual changes preserve the
standard relative positioning of clefs and notes, whereas on the second
line, they do not.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
{
% The default treble clef
c'1
% The standard bass clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #2
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #6
c'1
% The baritone clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #4
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #4
c'1
% The standard choral tenor clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #-2
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #-7
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #1
c'1
% A non-standard clef
\set Staff.clefPosition = #0
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #0
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #-4
c'1 \break
% The following clef changes do not preserve
% the normal relationship between notes and clefs:
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #2
c'1
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
c'1
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
c'1
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #7
c'1
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #0
\set Staff.clefPosition = #0
c'1
% Return to the normal clef:
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #0
c'1
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../91/lily-38ee9433.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../91/lily-38ee9433.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</h2>
<p>The system start delimiter <code>SystemStartSquare</code> can be used by
setting it explicitly in a <code>StaffGroup</code> or <code>ChoirStaffGroup</code>
context.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\score {
\new StaffGroup { <<
\set StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiter = #'SystemStartSquare
\new Staff { c'4 d' e' f' }
\new Staff { c'4 d' e' f' }
>> }
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../0a/lily-f4462222.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../0a/lily-f4462222.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="volta-below-chords.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Volta under chords</h2>
<p>By adding the <code>Volta_engraver</code> to the relevant
staff, volte can be put under chords.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\score {
<<
\chords {
c1
c1
}
\new Staff \with {
\consists "Volta_engraver"
}
{
\repeat volta 2 { c'1 }
\alternative { c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
\remove "Volta_engraver"
}
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../d3/lily-b4f2f2b5.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../d3/lily-b4f2f2b5.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="volta-multi-staff.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Staff-notation"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> Editorial annotations > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Volta multi-staff</h2>
<p>By adding the <code>Volta_engraver</code> to the relevant
staff, volte can be put over staves other than the topmost
one in a score.
</p><pre class="verbatim">voltaMusic = \relative c'' {
\repeat volta 2 {
c1
}
\alternative {
d1
e
}
}
<<
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \voltaMusic
\new Staff \voltaMusic
>>
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \with { \consists "Volta_engraver" }
\voltaMusic
\new Staff \voltaMusic
>>
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../b1/lily-dd747387.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../b1/lily-dd747387.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<hr size="6">
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next chapter"> Editorial annotations >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Staff-notation" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Staff notation </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> Editorial annotations > </a>]</td></tr></table>
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title="Documentation Index"><< Back to Documentation Index</a></p>
<h4 class="toc_header"> <a href="index.html#Top" title="Start of the manual">Snippets List</a></h4>
<div class="contents">
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Pitches-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Pitches</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-sequence-of-notes-on-various-pitches" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Creating a sequence of notes on various pitches</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dodecaphonic_002dstyle-accidentals-for-each-note-including-naturals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Dodecaphonic-style accidentals for each note including naturals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Generating-random-notes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Generating random notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Makam example</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-extra-naturals-from-being-automatically-added" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing extra naturals from being automatically added</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-natural-signs-from-being-printed-when-the-key-signature-changes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing natural signs from being printed when the key signature changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transposing-music-with-minimum-accidentals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Transposing music with minimum accidentals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythms-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythms</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beam-subdivisions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beam subdivisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beams-two-per-two-in-4_002f4-or-2_002f2-time-signature" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beams two per two in 4/4 or 2/2 time signature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-endings-in-Score-context" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam endings in Score context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-grouping-in-7_002f8-time" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam grouping in 7/8 time</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beams-across-line-breaks" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beams across line breaks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-beam-knee-gap" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing beam knee gap</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-time-signature-without-affecting-the-beaming" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the time signature without affecting the beaming</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-tuplet-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the tuplet number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Compound-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Compound time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Conducting-signs_002c-measure-grouping-signs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Conducting signs, measure grouping signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engraving-ties-manually" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Engraving ties manually</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Entering-several-tuplets-using-only-one-_005ctimes-command" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Entering several tuplets using only one \times command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flat-flags-and-beam-nibs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Flat flags and beam nibs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-rehearsal-marks-to-start-from-a-given-letter-or-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Forcing rehearsal marks to start from a given letter or number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grouping-beats" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Grouping beats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Merging-multi_002dmeasure-rests-in-a-polyphonic-part" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Merging multi-measure rests in a polyphonic part</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-tuplet-bracket-length" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Modifying tuplet bracket length</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Permitting-line-breaks-within-beamed-tuplets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Permitting line breaks within beamed tuplets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Reverting-default-beam-endings" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Reverting default beam endings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Specifying-context-with-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Specifying context with beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stemlets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Stemlets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Sub_002ddividing-beams" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Sub-dividing beams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-beatLength-and-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using beatLength and beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-ties-with-arpeggios" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using ties with arpeggios</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Expressive-marks-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Expressive marks</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-parentheses-around-an-expressive-mark-or-chordal-note" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding parentheses around an expressive mark or chordal note</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adjusting the shape of falls and doits</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Breathing-signs" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Breathing signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Broken-crescendo-hairpin" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Broken crescendo hairpin</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-breath-mark-symbol" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the breath mark symbol</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Contemporary-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Contemporary glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-arpeggios-across-notes-in-different-voices" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating arpeggios across notes in different voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-a-piano-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in a piano staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-other-contexts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in other contexts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Hiding-the-extender-line-for-text-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Hiding the extender line for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Line-arrows" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Line arrows</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-default-values-for-articulation-shorthand-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Modifying default values for articulation shorthand notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-hairpins-using-al-niente-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing hairpins using al niente notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting hairpin behavior at bar lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting the minimum length of hairpins</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-double-slurs-for-legato-chords" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Using double slurs for legato chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-dynamics-across-multiple-notes" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Vertically aligning dynamics across multiple notes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Repeats-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Repeats</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-volta-brackets-to-additional-staves" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Adding volta brackets to additional staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Isolated-percent-repeats" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Isolated percent repeats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-counter" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-segno-and-coda-_0028with-line-break_0029" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Positioning segno and coda (with line break)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Shortening-volta-brackets" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Shortening volta brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-2" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-text-markup-using-repeatCommands" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta text markup using <code>repeatCommands</code></a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Simultaneous-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Simultaneous notes</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Additional-voices-to-avoid-collisions" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Additional voices to avoid collisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-2" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-partcombine-texts" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing partcombine texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Staff-notation-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Staff notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-the-number-of-lines-in-a-staff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the number of lines in a staff</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-the-tempo-without-a-metronome-mark" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the tempo without a metronome mark</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Creating-metronome-marks-in-markup-mode" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating metronome marks in markup mode</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Incipit" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Inserting-score-fragments-above-a-staff_002c-as-markups" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Inserting score fragments above a staff, as markups</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Measure-counter" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Tick-bar-lines" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tick bar lines</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Editorial-annotations-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Editorial annotations</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Default direction of stems on the center line of the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-changing-their-appearance" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: changing their appearance</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-emphasizing-rhythms-and-notes-synchronization" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: emphasizing rhythms and notes synchronization</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Text-1" href="Text.html#Text">Text</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-2" href="Text.html#Text">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-1" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-marks-with-various-notation-objects" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning marks with various notation objects</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command-1" href="Text.html#Text">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family-1" href="Text.html#Text">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts-1" href="Text.html#Text">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-2" href="Text.html#Text">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-1" href="Text.html#Text">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block-1" href="Text.html#Text">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables-1" href="Text.html#Text">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics" href="Text.html#Text">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment-1" href="Text.html#Text">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Markup-lines" href="Text.html#Text">Markup lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text" href="Text.html#Text">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Outputting-the-version-number" href="Text.html#Text">Outputting the version number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-at-the-end-of-a-line-or-a-score" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks at the end of a line or a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-on-every-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks on every staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stand_002dalone-two_002dcolumn-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Stand-alone two-column markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box-1" href="Text.html#Text">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-UTF_002d8" href="Text.html#Text">UTF-8</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-1" href="Text.html#Text">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-music-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-stanza-fonts" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Changing stanza fonts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-3" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-centered-common-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically centered common lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-2" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chords</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-bar-lines-to-ChordNames-context" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding bar lines to ChordNames context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-3" href="Chords.html#Chords">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-chord-separator" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing chord separator</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-chord-names-to-German-or-semi_002dGerman-notation" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the chord names to German or semi-German notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-positions-of-figured-bass-alterations" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the positions of figured bass alterations</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chord-name-exceptions" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chord name exceptions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-chord-name-major7" href="Chords.html#Chords">chord name major7</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings" href="Chords.html#Chords">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-break-figured-bass-extenders-for-only-some-numbers" href="Chords.html#Chords">Manually break figured bass extenders for only some numbers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Showing-chords-at-changes" href="Chords.html#Chords">Showing chords at changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Simple-lead-sheet" href="Chords.html#Chords">Simple lead sheet</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Volta under chords</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Keyboards-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Keyboards</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Accordion_002ddiscant-symbols" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Accordion-discant symbols</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Indicating-cross_002dstaff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Indicating cross-staff chords with arpeggio bracket</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-3" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-beaters" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion beaters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Fretted-strings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Defining predefined fretboards for other instruments</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Faking-a-hammer-in-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Faking a hammer in tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fingerings_002c-string-indications_002c-and-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fingerings, string indications, and right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flamenco-notation" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Flamenco notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-2" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Placement-of-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Placement of right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Polyphony-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Polyphony in tablature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Stem and beam behavior in tablature</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Unfretted-strings-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Unfretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Winds-1" href="Winds.html#Winds">Winds</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Flute-slap-notation" href="Winds.html#Winds">Flute slap notation</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-fonts" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient fonts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-time-signatures" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Custodes" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Custodes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-2" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-World-music-1" href="World-music.html#World-music">World music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Arabic-improvisation" href="World-music.html#World-music">Arabic improvisation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example" href="World-music.html#World-music">Makam example</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Contexts-and-engravers-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Contexts and engravers</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engravers-one_002dby_002done" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Engravers one-by-one</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-3" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaks-and-overrides-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaks and overrides</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-properties-for-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing properties for individual grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Custodes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Custodes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Drawing-boxes-around-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing boxes around grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Drawing-circles-around-various-objects" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing circles around various objects</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-the-_005ctweak-command-to-tweak-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using the <code>\tweak</code> command to tweak individual grobs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Paper-and-layout-1" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Paper and layout</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-2" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Book-parts" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Book parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clip-systems" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Clip systems</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Table-of-contents" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Table of contents</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Titles-1" href="Titles.html#Titles">Titles</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-the-current-date-to-a-score" href="Titles.html#Titles">Adding the current date to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names" href="Titles.html#Titles">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-2" href="Titles.html#Titles">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Spacing</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Page-label" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Page label</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-2" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-MIDI-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">MIDI</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demo-MidiInstruments" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Demo MidiInstruments</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Templates-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Templates</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Score-for-diatonic-accordion" href="Templates.html#Templates">Score for diatonic accordion</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-2" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-only-notes" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with only notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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