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<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
<h1 class="unnumbered">Tweaks and overrides</h1>
<p>These snippets illustrate the Notation Reference,
section <a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond/Changing-defaults.html#Changing-defaults">Changing defaults</a>.
</p>
<p>See also Learning Manual, section
<a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond-learning/Tweaking-output.html#Tweaking-output">Tweaking output</a>.
</p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Analysis brackets above the staff</h2>
<p>Simple horizontal analysis brackets are added below the staff by
default. The following example shows a way to place them above the
staff instead.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout {
\context {
\Voice
\consists "Horizontal_bracket_engraver"
}
}
\relative c'' {
\once \override HorizontalBracket #'direction = #UP
c2\startGroup
d2\stopGroup
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</h2>
<p>Fingerings and string numbers applied to individual notes will
automatically avoid beams and stems, but this is not true by default
for fingerings and string numbers applied to the individual notes of
chords. The following example shows how this default behavior can be
overridden.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\set fingeringOrientations = #'(up)
\set stringNumberOrientations = #'(up)
\set strokeFingerOrientations = #'(up)
% Default behavior
r8
<f c'-5>8
<f c'\5>8
<f c'-\rightHandFinger #2 >8
% Corrected to avoid collisions
r8
\override Fingering #'add-stem-support = ##t
<f c'-5>8
\override StringNumber #'add-stem-support = ##t
<f c'\5>8
\override StrokeFinger #'add-stem-support = ##t
<f c'-\rightHandFinger #2 >8
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</h2>
<p>A caesura is sometimes denoted by a double "railtracks" breath mark
with a fermata sign positioned above. This snippet should present an
optically pleasing combination of railtracks and fermata.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
c2.
% construct the symbol
\override BreathingSign #'text = \markup {
\line {
\musicglyph #"scripts.caesura.curved"
\translate #'(-1.75 . 1.6)
\musicglyph #"scripts.ufermata"
}
}
\breathe c4
% set the breathe mark back to normal
\revert BreathingSign #'text
c2. \breathe c4
\bar "|."
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</h2>
<p>Individual note heads in a chord can be modified with the
<code>\tweak</code> command inside a chord, by altering the <code>font-size</code>
property.
</p>
<p>Inside the chord (within the brackets <code>< ></code>), before the note to
be altered, place the <code>\tweak</code> command, followed by
<code>#'font-size</code> and define the proper size like <code>#-2</code> (a tiny
notehead).
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
\relative {
<\tweak #'font-size #+2 c e g c \tweak #'font-size #-2 e>1^\markup { A tiny e }_\markup { A big c }
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing form of multi-measure rests</h2>
<p>If there are ten or fewer measures of rests, a series of longa
and breve rests (called in German "Kirchenpausen" - church rests)
is printed within the staff; otherwise a simple line is shown.
This default number of ten may be changed by overriding the
<code>expand-limit</code> property:
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\compressFullBarRests
R1*2 | R1*5 | R1*9
\override MultiMeasureRest #'expand-limit = #3
R1*2 | R1*5 | R1*9
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing properties for individual grobs</h2>
<p>The <code>\applyOutput</code> command allows the tuning of any layout
object, in any context. It requires a Scheme function with three
arguments.
</p><pre class="verbatim">#(define (mc-squared grob grob-origin context)
(let*
(
(ifs (ly:grob-interfaces grob))
(sp (ly:grob-property grob 'staff-position))
)
(if (memq 'note-head-interface ifs)
(begin
(ly:grob-set-property! grob 'stencil
(grob-interpret-markup grob
(make-lower-markup 0.5
(case sp
((-5) "m")
((-3) "c ")
((-2) (make-smaller-markup (make-bold-markup "2")))
(else "bla")
))))
))))
\relative c' {
<d f g b>2
\applyOutput #'Voice #mc-squared
<d f g b>2
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</h2>
<p>The text used for crescendos and decrescendos can be changed by
modifying the context properties <code>crescendoText</code> and
<code>decrescendoText</code>. The style of the spanner line can be
changed by modifying the <code>'style</code> property of
<code>DynamicTextSpanner</code>. The default value is <code>'hairpin</code>,
and other possible values include <code>'line</code>, <code>'dashed-line</code>
and <code>'dotted-line</code>:
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\set crescendoText = \markup { \italic { cresc. poco } }
\set crescendoSpanner = #'text
\override DynamicTextSpanner #'style = #'dotted-line
a2\< a
a2 a
a2 a
a2 a\mf
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing the default text font family</h2>
<p>The default font families for text can be overridden with
<code>make-pango-font-tree</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\paper {
% change for other default global staff size.
myStaffSize = #20
%{
run
lilypond -dshow-available-fonts blabla
to show all fonts available in the process log.
%}
#(define fonts
(make-pango-font-tree "Times New Roman"
"Nimbus Sans"
"Luxi Mono"
;; "Helvetica"
;; "Courier"
(/ myStaffSize 20)))
}
\relative c'' {
c4^\markup {
roman: foo \bold bla \italic bar \italic \bold baz
}
c'4_\markup {
\override #'(font-family . sans)
{
sans: foo \bold bla \italic bar \italic \bold baz
}
}
c'2^\markup {
\override #'(font-family . typewriter)
{
mono: foo \bold bla \italic bar \italic \bold baz
}
}
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Changing the staff size</h2>
<p>Though the simplest way to resize staves is to use
<code>#(set-global-staff-size xx)</code>, an individual staff’s size can be
changed by scaling the properties <code>'staff-space</code> and
<code>fontSize</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim"><<
\new Staff {
\relative c'' {
\dynamicDown
c8\ff c c c c c c c
}
}
\new Staff \with {
fontSize = #-3
\override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -3)
} {
\clef bass
c8 c c c c\f c c c
}
>>
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</h2>
<p>The vertical ordering of scripts is controlled with the
<code>'script-priority</code> property. The lower this number, the closer it
will be put to the note. In this example, the <code>TextScript</code> (the
sharp symbol) first has the lowest priority, so it is put lowest in the
first example. In the second, the prall trill (the <code>Script</code>) has
the lowest, so it is on the inside. When two objects have the same
priority, the order in which they are entered determines which one
comes first.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c''' {
\once \override TextScript #'script-priority = #-100
a2^\prall^\markup { \sharp }
\once \override Script #'script-priority = #-100
a2^\prall^\markup { \sharp }
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
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src="../67/lily-0cd9d249.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<a name="controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</h2>
<p>The default behavior of tuplet-bracket visibility is to print a bracket
unless there is a beam of the same length as the tuplet. To control the
visibility of tuplet brackets, set the property
<code>'bracket-visibility</code> to either <code>#t</code> (always print a
bracket), <code>#f</code> (never print a bracket) or <code>#'if-no-beam</code>
(only print a bracket if there is no beam).
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">music = \relative c'' {
\times 2/3 { c16[ d e } f8]
\times 2/3 { c8 d e }
\times 2/3 { c4 d e }
}
\new Voice {
\relative c' {
<< \music s4^"default" >>
\override TupletBracket #'bracket-visibility = #'if-no-beam
<< \music s4^"'if-no-beam" >>
\override TupletBracket #'bracket-visibility = ##t
<< \music s4^"#t" >>
\override TupletBracket #'bracket-visibility = ##f
<< \music s4^"#f" >>
}
}
</pre><p>
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<a name="creating-a-delayed-turn.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Creating a delayed turn</h2>
<p>Creating a delayed turn, where the lower note of the
turn uses the accidental, requires several overrides. The
<code>outside-staff-priority</code> property must be set to <code>#f</code>,
as otherwise this would take precedence over the
<code>avoid-slur property</code>. The value of <code>halign</code> is used
to position the turn horizontally.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\once \override TextScript #'avoid-slur = #'inside
\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-priority = ##f
c2(^\markup \tiny \override #'(baseline-skip . 1) {
\halign #-4
\center-column {
\sharp
\musicglyph #"scripts.turn"
}
}
d4.) c8
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
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src="../a7/lily-e9714976.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<a name="creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</h2>
<p>Unlike text scripts, rehearsal marks cannot be stacked at a particular point
in a score: only one <code>RehearsalMark</code> object is created. Using an
invisible measure and bar line, an extra rehearsal mark can be added, giving
the appearance of two marks in the same column.
</p>
<p>This method may also prove useful for placing rehearsal marks at both the
end of one system and the start of the following system.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">{
\key a \major
\set Score.markFormatter = #format-mark-box-letters
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'outside-staff-priority = #5000
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'self-alignment-X = #LEFT
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'break-align-symbols = #'(key-signature)
\mark \markup { \bold { Senza denti } }
% the hidden measure and bar line
\once \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\time 1/16
s16 \bar ""
\time 4/4
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'self-alignment-X = #LEFT
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'break-align-symbols = #'(bar-line)
\mark \markup { \box \bold Intro }
d'1
\mark \default
d'1
}
</pre><p>
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<a name="creating-text-spanners.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Creating text spanners</h2>
<p>The <code>\startTextSpan</code> and <code>\stopTextSpan</code>
commands allow the creation of text spanners as easily as pedal
indications or octavations. Override some properties of the
<code>TextSpanner</code> object to modify its output.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\paper { ragged-right = ##f }
\relative c'' {
\override TextSpanner #'(bound-details left text) = #"bla"
\override TextSpanner #'(bound-details right text) = #"blu"
a4 \startTextSpan
b4 c
a4 \stopTextSpan
\override TextSpanner #'style = #'line
\once \override TextSpanner
#'(bound-details left stencil-align-dir-y) = #CENTER
a4 \startTextSpan
b4 c
a4 \stopTextSpan
\override TextSpanner #'style = #'dashed-line
\override TextSpanner #'(bound-details left text) =
\markup { \draw-line #'(0 . 1) }
\override TextSpanner #'(bound-details right text) =
\markup { \draw-line #'(0 . -2) }
\once \override TextSpanner #'(bound-details right padding) = #-2
a4 \startTextSpan
b4 c
a4 \stopTextSpan
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #-13
\override TextSpanner #'dash-period = #10
\override TextSpanner #'dash-fraction = #0.5
\override TextSpanner #'thickness = #10
a4 \startTextSpan
b4 c
a4 \stopTextSpan
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../bd/lily-cd565e81.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="custodes.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Custodes</h2>
<p>Custodes may be engraved in various styles.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
\new Staff \with { \consists "Custos_engraver" } \relative c' {
\override Staff.Custos #'neutral-position = #4
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'hufnagel
c1^"hufnagel" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'medicaea
c1^"medicaea" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'vaticana
c1^"vaticana" \break
<d a' f'>1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'mensural
c1^"mensural" \break
<d a' f'>1
}
</pre><p>
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<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../c0/lily-236d0581.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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</p>
<a name="customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</h2>
<p>Fret diagram properties can be set through
<code>'fret-diagram-details</code>. For FretBoard fret diagrams,
overrides are applied to the <code>FretBoards.FretBoard</code> object.
Like <code>Voice</code>, <code>FretBoards</code> is a bottom level context,
therefore can be omitted in property overrides.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
\storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode { c' }
#guitar-tuning
#"x;1-1-(;3-2;3-3;3-4;1-1-);"
<<
\new ChordNames {
\chordmode { c1 c c d }
}
\new FretBoards {
% Set global properties of fret diagram
\override FretBoards.FretBoard #'size = #'1.2
\override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'in-dot
\override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-color) = #'white
\chordmode {
c
\once \override FretBoard #'size = #'1.0
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details barre-type) = #'straight
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-color) = #'black
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
c'
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details barre-type) = #'none
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details number-type) = #'arabic
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details orientation) = #'landscape
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details mute-string) = #"M"
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details label-dir) = #LEFT
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-color) = #'black
c'
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-radius) = #0.35
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-position) = #0.5
\once \override FretBoard
#'(fret-diagram-details fret-count) = #3
d
}
}
\new Voice {
c'1 c' c' d'
}
>>
</pre><p>
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</p>
<a name="customizing-markup-fret-diagrams.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Customizing markup fret diagrams</h2>
<p>Fret diagram properties can be set through
<code>'fret-diagram-details</code>. For markup fret diagrams, overrides
can be applied to the <code>Voice.TextScript</code> object or directly
to the markup.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim"><<
\chords { c1 c c d }
\new Voice = "mel" {
\textLengthOn
% Set global properties of fret diagram
\override TextScript #'size = #'1.2
\override TextScript
#'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'in-dot
\override TextScript
#'(fret-diagram-details dot-color) = #'white
%% C major for guitar, no barre, using defaults
% terse style
c'1^\markup { \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-3;2-2;o;1-1;o;" }
%% C major for guitar, barred on third fret
% verbose style
% size 1.0
% roman fret label, finger labels below string, straight barre
c'1^\markup {
% standard size
\override #'(size . 1.0) {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(number-type . roman-lower)
(finger-code . in-dot)
(barre-type . straight))) {
\fret-diagram-verbose #'((mute 6)
(place-fret 5 3 1)
(place-fret 4 5 2)
(place-fret 3 5 3)
(place-fret 2 5 4)
(place-fret 1 3 1)
(barre 5 1 3))
}
}
}
%% C major for guitar, barred on third fret
% verbose style
% landscape orientation, arabic numbers, M for mute string
% no barre, fret label down or left, small mute label font
c'1^\markup {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(finger-code . below-string)
(number-type . arabic)
(label-dir . -1)
(mute-string . "M")
(orientation . landscape)
(barre-type . none)
(xo-font-magnification . 0.4)
(xo-padding . 0.3))) {
\fret-diagram-verbose #'((mute 6)
(place-fret 5 3 1)
(place-fret 4 5 2)
(place-fret 3 5 3)
(place-fret 2 5 4)
(place-fret 1 3 1)
(barre 5 1 3))
}
}
%% simple D chord
% terse style
% larger dots, centered dots, fewer frets
% label below string
d'1^\markup {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(finger-code . below-string)
(dot-radius . 0.35)
(dot-position . 0.5)
(fret-count . 3))) {
\fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-1;3-2;2-3;"
}
}
}
>>
</pre><p>
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border="0"
src="../82/lily-0890fd29.png"
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<a name="display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</h2>
<p>If there is only one staff in one of the staff types
<code>ChoirStaff</code> or <code>StaffGroup</code>, the bracket and the starting
bar line will not be displayed as standard behavior. This can be changed
by overriding the relevant properties.
</p>
<p>Note that in contexts such as <code>PianoStaff</code> and <code>GrandStaff</code>
where the systems begin with a brace instead of a bracket, another
property has to be set, as shown on the second system in the example.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\markup \left-column {
\score {
\new StaffGroup <<
% Must be lower than the actual number of staff lines
\override StaffGroup.SystemStartBracket #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\override PianoStaff.SystemStartBrace #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
}
</pre><p>
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border="0"
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Dotted harmonics</h2>
<p>Artificial harmonics using <code>\harmonic</code> do not show
dots. To override this behavior, set the context property
<code>harmonicDots</code>.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\relative c''' {
\time 3/4
\key f \major
\set harmonicDots = ##t
<bes f'\harmonic>2. ~
<bes f'\harmonic>4. <a e'\harmonic>8( <gis dis'\harmonic> <g d'\harmonic>)
<fis cis'\harmonic>2.
<bes f'\harmonic>2.
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Drawing boxes around grobs</h2>
<p>The <code>print-function</code> can be overridden to draw a box around an
arbitrary grob.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\override TextScript #'stencil =
#(make-stencil-boxer 0.1 0.3 ly:text-interface::print)
c'4^"foo"
\override Stem #'stencil =
#(make-stencil-boxer 0.05 0.25 ly:stem::print)
\override Score.RehearsalMark #'stencil =
#(make-stencil-boxer 0.15 0.3 ly:text-interface::print)
b8
\revert Stem #'stencil
c4. c4
\mark "F"
c1
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Drawing circles around various objects</h2>
<p>The <code>\circle</code> markup command draws circles around various objects,
for example fingering indications. For other objects, specific tweaks
may be required: this example demonstrates two strategies for rehearsal
marks and measure numbers.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
c1
\set Score.markFormatter =
#(lambda (mark context)
(make-circle-markup (format-mark-numbers mark context)))
\mark \default
c2 d^\markup {
\override #'(thickness . 3) {
\circle \finger 2
}
}
\override Score.BarNumber #'break-visibility = #all-visible
\override Score.BarNumber #'stencil =
#(make-stencil-circler 0.1 0.25 ly:text-interface::print)
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</h2>
<p>The appearance of pedal brackets may be altered in
different ways.
</p><pre class="verbatim">\paper { ragged-right = ##f }
\relative c'' {
c2\sostenutoOn c
c2\sostenutoOff c
\once \override Staff.PianoPedalBracket #'shorten-pair = #'(-7 . -2)
c2\sostenutoOn c
c2\sostenutoOff c
\once \override Staff.PianoPedalBracket #'edge-height = #'(0 . 3)
c2\sostenutoOn c
c2\sostenutoOff c
}
</pre><p>
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<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</h2>
<p>When the typesetting engine cannot cope, the following syntax can be
used to override typesetting decisions. The units of measure used here
are staff spaces.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' <<
{
<d g>2 <d g>
}
\\
{
<b f'>2
\once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #1.7
<b f'>2
}
>>
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Fret diagrams explained and developed</h2>
<p>This snippet shows many possibilities for obtaining
and tweaking fret diagrams.
</p><pre class="verbatim"><<
\chords {
a2 a
c2 c
d1
}
\new Voice = "mel" {
\textLengthOn
% Set global properties of fret diagram
\override TextScript #'size = #1.2
\override TextScript #'fret-diagram-details #'finger-code = #'below-string
\override TextScript #'fret-diagram-details #'dot-color = #'black
%% A chord for ukelele
a'2^\markup {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(string-count . 4)
(dot-color . white)
(finger-code . in-dot))) {
\fret-diagram #"4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
}
}
%% A chord for ukelele, with formatting defined in definition string
% 1.2 * size, 4 strings, 4 frets, fingerings below string
% dot radius .35 of fret spacing, dot position 0.55 of fret spacing
a'2^\markup {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(dot-color . white)
(open-string . "o"))) {
\fret-diagram #"s:1.2;w:4;h:3;f:2;d:0.35;p:0.55;4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
}
}
%% C major for guitar, barred on third fret
% verbose style
% roman fret label, finger labels below string, straight barre
c'2^\markup {
% 110% of default size
\override #'(size . 1.1) {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(number-type . roman-lower)
(finger-code . below-string)
(barre-type . straight))) {
\fret-diagram-verbose #'((mute 6)
(place-fret 5 3 1)
(place-fret 4 5 2)
(place-fret 3 5 3)
(place-fret 2 5 4)
(place-fret 1 3 1)
(barre 5 1 3))
}
}
}
%% C major for guitar, barred on third fret
% verbose style
c'2^\markup {
% 110% of default size
\override #'(size . 1.1) {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(number-type . arabic)
(dot-label-font-mag . 0.9)
(finger-code . in-dot)
(fret-label-font-mag . 0.6)
(fret-label-vertical-offset . 0)
(label-dir . -1)
(mute-string . "M")
(orientation . landscape)
(xo-font-magnification . 0.4)
(xo-padding . 0.3))) {
\fret-diagram-verbose #'((mute 6)
(place-fret 5 3 1)
(place-fret 4 5 2)
(place-fret 3 5 3)
(place-fret 2 5 4)
(place-fret 1 3 1)
(barre 5 1 3))
}
}
}
%% simple D chord
d'1^\markup {
\override #'(fret-diagram-details . (
(finger-code . below-string)
(dot-radius . 0.35)
(dot-position . 0.5)
(fret-count . 3))) {
\fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-1;3-2;2-3;"
}
}
}
>>
</pre><p>
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<a name="horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-e.g.-sempre-pp,-piu-f,-subito-p.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</h2>
<p>Some dynamic expressions involve additional text, like "sempre pp".
Since lilypond aligns all dynamics centered on the note, the \pp would
be displayed way after the note it applies to.
</p>
<p>To correctly align the "sempre \pp" horizontally, so that it is
aligned as if it were only the \pp, there are several approaches:
</p>
<p>* Simply use <code>\once\override DynamicText #'X-offset = #-9.2</code>
before the note with the dynamics to manually shift it to the correct
position. Drawback: This has to be done manually each time you use that
dynamic markup... * Add some padding (<code>#:hspace 7.1</code>) into the
definition of your custom dynamic mark, so that after lilypond
center-aligns it, it is already correctly aligned. Drawback: The
padding really takes up that space and does not allow any other markup
or dynamics to be shown in that position.
</p>
<p>* Shift the dynamic script <code>\once\override ... #'X-offset = ..</code>.
Drawback: <code>\once\override</code> is needed for every invocation!
</p>
<p>* Set the dimensions of the additional text to 0 (using
<code>#:with-dimensions '(0 . 0) '(0 . 0)</code>). Drawback: To lilypond
"sempre" has no extent, so it might put other stuff there and create
collisions (which are not detected by the collision dection!). Also,
there seems to be some spacing, so it’s not exactly the same alignment
as without the additional text
</p>
<p>* Add an explicit shifting directly inside the scheme function for the
dynamic-script.
</p>
<p>* Set an explicit alignment inside the dynamic-script. By default, this
won’t have any effect, only if one sets X-offset! Drawback: One needs
to set <code>DynamicText #'X-offset</code>, which will apply to all dynamic
texts! Also, it is aligned at the right edge of the additional text,
not at the center of pp.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\header { title = "Horizontally aligning custom dynamics" }
\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
% Solution 1: Using a simple markup with a particular halign value
% Drawback: It's a markup, not a dynamic command, so \dynamicDown etc. will have no effect
semppMarkup = \markup { \halign #1.4 \italic "sempre" \dynamic "pp" }
% Solution 2: Using a dynamic script and shifting with \once\override ... #'X-offset = ..
% Drawback: \once\override needed for every invocation
semppK = #(make-dynamic-script (markup #:line( #:normal-text #:italic "sempre" #:dynamic "pp")))
% Solution 3: Padding the dynamic script so the center-alignment puts it to the correct position
% Drawback: the padding really reserves the space, nothing else can be there
semppT = #(
make-dynamic-script (
markup #:line (
#:normal-text #:italic "sempre" #:dynamic "pp" #:hspace 7.1
)
)
)
% Solution 4: Dynamic, setting the dimensions of the additional text to 0
% Drawback: To lilypond "sempre" has no extent, so it might put other stuff there => collisions
% Drawback: Also, there seems to be some spacing, so it's not exactly the
% same alignment as without the additional text
semppM = #(make-dynamic-script (markup #:line( #:with-dimensions '(0 . 0) '(0 . 0) #:right-align #:normal-text #:italic "sempre" #:dynamic "pp")))
% Solution 5: Dynamic with explicit shifting inside the scheme function
semppG = #(make-dynamic-script
(markup
#:hspace 0 #:translate (cons -18.85 0 )
#:line( #:normal-text #:italic "sempre" #:dynamic "pp"))
)
% Solution 6: Dynamic with explicit alignment. This has only effect, if one sets X-offset!
% Drawback: One needs to set DynamicText #'X-offset!
% Drawback: Aligned at the right edge of the additional text, not at the center of pp
semppMII = #(make-dynamic-script (markup #:line(#:right-align #:normal-text #:italic "sempre" #:dynamic "pp")))
\context StaffGroup <<
\context Staff="s" << \set Staff.instrumentName = "Normal"
\relative c'' { \key es \major c4\pp c\p c c | c\ff c c\pp c }
>>
\context Staff="sMarkup" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Normal" "Markup"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major c4-\semppMarkup c\p c c | c\ff c c-\semppMarkup c}
>>
\context Staff="sK" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Explicit" "shifting"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major
\once \override DynamicText #'X-offset = #-9.2 c4\semppK c\p c c |
c\ff c \once \override DynamicText #'X-offset = #-9.2 c\semppK c }
>>
\context Staff="sT" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Right" "padding"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major c4\semppT c\p c c | c\ff c c\semppT c }
>>
\context Staff="sM" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Setting" "dimension" "to zero"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major c4\semppM c\p c c | c\ff c c\semppM c }
>>
\context Staff="sG" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Shifting" "inside" "dynamics"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major c4\semppG c\p c c | c\ff c c\semppG c}
>>
\context Staff="sMII" << \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup\column{"Alignment" "inside" "dynamics"}
\relative c'' { \key es \major
\override DynamicText #'X-offset = #0 % Setting to ##f (false) gives the same resul
c4\semppMII c\p c c | c\ff c c\semppMII c }
>>
>>
</pre><p>
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src="../70/lily-0b293e76.png"
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<a name="how-to-change-fret-diagram-position.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">How to change fret diagram position</h2>
<p>If you want to move the position of a fret diagram, for example, to
avoid collision, or to place it between two notes, you have various
possibilities:
</p>
<p>1) modify #’padding or #’extra-offset values (as shown in the first
snippet)
</p>
<p>2) you can add an invisible voice and attach the fret diagrams to the
invisible notes in that voice (as shown in the second example).
</p>
<p> If you need to move the fret according with a rythmic position inside
the bar (in the example, the third beat of the measure) the second
example is better, because the fret is aligned with the third beat
itself.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">harmonies = \chordmode
{
a8:13
% THE FOLLOWING IS THE COMMAND TO MOVE THE CHORD NAME
\once \override ChordNames.ChordName #'extra-offset = #'(10 . 0)
b8:13 s2.
% THIS LINE IS THE SECOND METHOD
s4 s4 b4:13
}
\score
{
<<
\context ChordNames \harmonies
\context Staff
{a8^\markup { \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-0;4-2;3-0;2-0;1-2;" }
% THE FOLLOWING IS THE COMMAND TO MOVE THE FRET DIAGRAM
\once \override TextScript #'extra-offset = #'(10 . 0)
b4.~^\markup { \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-2;4-4;3-2;2-2;1-4;" } b4. a8\break
% HERE IS THE SECOND METHOD
<<
{ a8 b4.~ b4. a8}
{ s4 s4 s4^\markup { \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-2;4-4;3-2;2-2;1-4;" }
}
>>
}
>>
}
</pre><p>
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border="0"
src="../51/lily-570a9e45.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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<a name="inserting-a-caesura.ly"></a>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Inserting a caesura</h2>
<p>Caesura marks can be created by overriding the <code>'text</code>
property of the <code>BreathingSign</code> object. A curved caesura
mark is also available.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\override BreathingSign #'text = \markup {
\musicglyph #"scripts.caesura.straight"
}
c8 e4. \breathe g8. e16 c4
\override BreathingSign #'text = \markup {
\musicglyph #"scripts.caesura.curved"
}
g8 e'4. \breathe g8. e16 c4
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</h2>
<p>Setting the <code>'transparent</code> property will cause an object to be
printed in "invisible ink": the object is not printed, but all its
other behavior is retained. The object still takes up space, it takes
part in collisions, and slurs, ties and beams can be attached to it.
</p>
<p>This snippet demonstrates how to connect different voices using ties.
Normally, ties only connect two notes in the same voice. By
introducing a tie in a different voice, and blanking the first up-stem
in that voice, the tie appears to cross voices. To prevent the blanked stem’s
flag from interfering with tie positioning, the stem is extended.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\time 2/4
<<
{
\once \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
\once \override Stem #'length = #8
b8 ~ b\noBeam
\once \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
\once \override Stem #'length = #8
g8 ~ g\noBeam
}
\\
{
b8 g g e
}
>>
}
</pre><p>
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src="../a7/lily-e897d41a.png"
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Manually controlling beam positions</h2>
<p>Beam positions may be controlled manually, by overriding the
<code>positions</code> setting of the <code>Beam</code> grob.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\time 2/4
% from upper staff-line (position 2) to center (position 0)
\override Beam #'positions = #'(2 . 0)
c8 c
% from center to one above center (position 1)
\override Beam #'positions = #'(0 . 1)
c8 c
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</h2>
<p>The mensurstriche-layout where the bar lines do not show on the staves
but between staves can be achieved with a <code>StaffGroup</code> instead of
a <code>ChoirStaff</code>. The bar line on staves is blanked out by setting
the <code>transparent</code> property.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
s1 s
% the final bar line is not interrupted
\revert Staff.BarLine #'transparent
\bar "|."
}
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
<<
\new Staff { << \global { c1 c } >> }
\new Staff { << \global { c c } >> }
>>
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Nesting staves</h2>
<p>The property <code>systemStartDelimiterHierarchy</code> can be used to make
more complex nested staff groups. The command <code>\set
StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiterHierarchy</code> takes an alphabetical list of
the number of staves produced. Before each staff a system start
delimiter can be given. It has to be enclosed in brackets and takes as
much staves as the brackets enclose. Elements in the list can be
omitted, but the first bracket takes always the complete number of
staves. The possibilities are <code>SystemStartBar</code>,
<code>SystemStartBracket</code>, <code>SystemStartBrace</code>, and
<code>SystemStartSquare</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\new StaffGroup
\relative c'' <<
\set StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiterHierarchy
= #'(SystemStartSquare (SystemStartBrace (SystemStartBracket a
(SystemStartSquare b) ) c ) d)
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
\new Staff { c1 }
>>
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Percent repeat count visibility</h2>
<p>Percent repeat counters can be shown at regular intervals by setting
the context property <code>repeatCountVisibility</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\set countPercentRepeats = ##t
\set repeatCountVisibility = #(every-nth-repeat-count-visible 5)
\repeat percent 10 { c1 } \break
\set repeatCountVisibility = #(every-nth-repeat-count-visible 2)
\repeat percent 6 { c1 d1 }
}
</pre><p>
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<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Positioning multi-measure rests</h2>
<p>Unlike ordinary rests, there is no predefined command
to change the staff position of a multi-measure
rest symbol of either form by attaching it to a note. However,
in polyphonic music multi-measure rests in odd-numbered and
even-numbered voices are vertically separated. The positioning
of multi-measure rests can be controlled as follows:
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
% Multi-measure rests by default are set under the second line
R1
% They can be moved with an override
\override MultiMeasureRest #'staff-position = #-2
R1
% A value of 0 is the default position;
% the following trick moves the rest to the center line
\override MultiMeasureRest #'staff-position = #-0.01
R1
% Multi-measure rests in odd-numbered voices are under the top line
<< { R1 } \\ { a1 } >>
% Multi-measure rests in even-numbered voices are under the bottom line
<< { c1 } \\ { R1 } >>
% They remain separated even in empty measures
<< { R1 } \\ { R1 } >>
% This brings them together even though there are two voices
\compressFullBarRests
<<
\revert MultiMeasureRest #'staff-position
{ R1*3 }
\\
\revert MultiMeasureRest #'staff-position
{ R1*3 }
>>
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Positioning text markups inside slurs</h2>
<p>Text markups need to have the <code>outside-staff-priority</code> property
set to false in order to be printed inside slurs.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\override TextScript #'avoid-slur = #'inside
\override TextScript #'outside-staff-priority = ##f
c2(^\markup { \halign #-10 \natural } d4.) c8
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</h2>
<p>A <code>|:</code> bar line can be printed at the beginning of a piece, by
overriding the relevant property:
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\once \override Score.BreakAlignment #'break-align-orders =
#(make-vector 3 '(instrument-name
left-edge
ambitus
span-bar
breathing-sign
clef
key-signature
time-signature
staff-bar
custos
span-bar))
\bar "|:"
c1
d1
d4 e f g
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</h2>
<p>By default, metronome and rehearsal marks are printed above the staff.
To place them below the staff simply set the <code>direction</code> property
of <code>MetronomeMark</code> or <code>RehearsalMark</code> appropriately.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##f }
{
% Metronome marks below the staff
\override Score.MetronomeMark #'direction = #DOWN
\tempo 8. = 120
c''1
% Rehearsal marks below the staff
\override Score.RehearsalMark #'direction = #DOWN
\mark \default
c''1
}
</pre><p>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Proportional strict notespacing</h2>
<p>If <code>strict-note-spacing</code> is set spacing of notes is not influenced
by bars or clefs within a system. Rather, they are placed just before
the note that occurs at the same time. This may cause collisions.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\paper {
ragged-right = ##t
}
\relative c'' <<
\override Score.SpacingSpanner #'strict-note-spacing = ##t
\set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
\new Staff {
c8[ c \clef alto c c \grace { d16 } c8 c] c4
c2 \grace { c16[ c16] } c2
}
\new Staff {
c2 \times 2/3 { c8 \clef bass cis,, c } c4
c1
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../48/lily-649aecce.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../48/lily-649aecce.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="removing-the-first-empty-line.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Removing the first empty line</h2>
<p>The first empty staff can also be removed from the score by setting the
<code>VerticalAxisGroup</code> property <code>remove-first</code>. This can be done
globally inside the <code>\layout</code> block, or locally inside the
specific staff that should be removed. In the latter case, you have to
specify the context (<code>Staff</code> applies only to the current staff) in
front of the property.
</p>
<p>The lower staff of the second staff group is not removed, because the
setting applies only to the specific staff inside of which it is
written.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout {
\context {
\RemoveEmptyStaffContext
% To use the setting globally, uncomment the following line:
% \override VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
}
}
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \relative c' {
e4 f g a \break
c1
}
\new Staff {
% To use the setting globally, comment this line,
% uncomment the line in the \layout block above
\override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
R1 \break
R
}
>>
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff \relative c' {
e4 f g a \break
c1
}
\new Staff {
R1 \break
R
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../67/lily-7bcab1c1.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../67/lily-7bcab1c1.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="rest-styles.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Rest styles</h2>
<p>Rests may be used in various styles.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout {
indent = 0.0
\context {
\Staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
}
}
\new Staff \relative c {
\cadenzaOn
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'mensural
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { mensural }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 s32 s64 s128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'neomensural
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { neomensural }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 s32 s64 s128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'classical
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { classical }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r128 s128
\bar ""
\override Staff.Rest #'style = #'default
r\maxima^\markup \typewriter { default }
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r128 s128
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../96/lily-5dba928c.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../96/lily-5dba928c.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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</p>
<a name="rhythmic-slashes.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Rhythmic slashes</h2>
<p>In "simple" lead-sheets, sometimes no actual notes are written,
instead only "rhythmic patterns" and chords above the measures are
notated giving the structure of a song. Such a feature is for example
useful while creating/transcribing the structure of a song and also
when sharing lead sheets with guitarists or jazz musicians. The
standard support for this using <code>\repeat percent</code> is unsuitable
here since the first beat has to be an ordinary note or rest. This
example shows two solutions to this problem, by redefining ordinary
rests to be printed as slashes. (If the duration of each beat is not a
quarter note, replace the <code>r4</code> in the definitions with a rest of
the appropriate duration).
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">% Macro to print single slash
rs = {
\once \override Rest #'stencil = #ly:percent-repeat-item-interface::beat-slash
\once \override Rest #'thickness = #0.48
\once \override Rest #'slope = #1.7
r4
}
% Function to print a specified number of slashes
comp = #(define-music-function (parser location count) ( integer?)
#{
\override Rest #'stencil = #ly:percent-repeat-item-interface::beat-slash
\override Rest #'thickness = #0.48
\override Rest #'slope = #1.7
\repeat unfold $count { r4 }
\revert Rest #'stencil
#}
)
\score {
\relative c' {
c4 d e f |
\rs \rs \rs \rs |
\comp #4 |
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../e1/lily-1948d14f.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../e1/lily-1948d14f.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</h2>
<p>If notes from two voices with stems in the same direction are
placed at the same position, and both voices have no shift or the
same shift specified, the error message "warning: ignoring too
many clashing note columns" will appear when compiling the
LilyPond file. This message can be suppressed by setting the
<code>'ignore-collision</code> property of the <code>NoteColumn</code> object
to <code>#t</code>.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">ignore = \override NoteColumn #'ignore-collision = ##t
\relative c' {
<<
\ignore
{ \stemDown f2 g }
\\
{ c2 c, }
>>
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../bd/lily-84c18397.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../bd/lily-84c18397.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="time-signature-in-parentheses.ly"></a>
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Time signature in parentheses</h2>
<p>The time signature can be enclosed within parentheses.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c'' {
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = #(lambda (grob)
(bracketify-stencil (ly:time-signature::print grob) Y 0.1 0.2 0.1))
\time 2/4
a4 b8 c
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../81/lily-84b092b8.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../81/lily-84b092b8.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="transcription-of-ancient-music-with-incipit.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</h2>
<p>As a workaround to get real incipits which are independent from the
main score these are included as a markup into the field normally used
for the instrument name. As for now lyrics can only be added as a
direct markup. It doesn’t unfortunately conform with the spacing of the
main lyrics.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
%make the staff lines invisible on staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
\skip 1*8 % the actual music
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\clef "treble"
r2 g2. e4 fis g | % two bars
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' | % two bars
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
"..." |
-us.
}
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us.
}
incipitDiscantus = \markup{
\score{
{
\set Staff.instrumentName="Discantus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c1"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
c''1._"IV-" s2 %two bars
\skip 1*8 % eight bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitAltus = \markup{
\score{
{
\set Staff.instrumentName="Altus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c3"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r1 % one bar
f'1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
\skip 1*7 % seven bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitTenor = \markup{
\score{ {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Tenor "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "neomensural-c4"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
r\longa % four bars
r\breve % two bars
r1 % one bar
c'1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
\skip 1 % one bar
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
incipitBassus = \markup{
\score{ {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Bassus "
\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\cadenzaOn
\clef "bass"
\key f \major
\time 2/2
% incipit
r\maxima % eight bars
f1._"IV-" s2 % two bars
}
\layout {
\context {\Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
line-width=4.5\cm
}
}
}
%StaffGroup is used instead of ChoirStaff to get bar lines between systems
\score {
<<
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice =
"discantusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitDiscantus
\discantusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"altusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitAltus
\altusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"tenorNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitTenor
\tenorNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice =
"bassusNotes" << \global
\set Staff.instrumentName=\incipitBassus
\bassusNotes >>
>>
\new Lyrics =
"bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
%Keep the bass lyrics outside of the staff group to avoid bar lines
%between the lyrics.
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
% no bars in staves
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
}
% the next three instructions keep the lyrics between the barlines
\context { \Lyrics
\consists "Bar_engraver"
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t }
\context { \StaffGroup \consists "Separating_line_group_engraver" }
\context {
\Voice
% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
% breaking also at those barlines where a note overlaps
% into the next bar. The command is commented out in this
% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
indent=5\cm
}
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../b0/lily-ab4ffa5b.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../b0/lily-ab4ffa5b.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="tweaking-clef-properties.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
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<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Tweaking clef properties</h2>
<p>The command <code>\clef "treble_8"</code> is equivalent to setting
<code>clefGlyph</code>, <code>clefPosition</code> (which controls the vertical
position of the clef), <code>middleCPosition</code> and
<code>clefOctavation</code>. A clef is printed when any of the properties
except <code>middleCPosition</code> are changed.
</p>
<p>Note that changing the glyph, the position of the clef, or the
octavation does not in itself change the position of subsequent notes
on the staff: the position of middle C must also be specified to do
this. The positional parameters are relative to the staff center line,
positive numbers displacing upwards, counting one for each line and
space. The <code>clefOctavation</code> value would normally be set to 7, -7,
15 or -15, but other values are valid.
</p>
<p>When a clef change takes place at a line break the new clef symbol is
printed at both the end of the previous line and the beginning of the
new line by default. If the warning clef at the end of the previous
line is not required it can be suppressed by setting the <code>Staff</code>
property <code>explicitClefVisibility</code> to the value
<code>end-of-line-invisible</code>. The default behavior can be recovered
with <code>\unset Staff.explicitClefVisibility</code>.
</p>
<p>The following examples show the possibilities when setting these
properties manually. On the first line, the manual changes preserve the
standard relative positioning of clefs and notes, whereas on the second
line, they do not.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
{
% The default treble clef
c'1
% The standard bass clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #2
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #6
c'1
% The baritone clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #4
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #4
c'1
% The standard choral tenor clef
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #-2
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #-7
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #1
c'1
% A non-standard clef
\set Staff.clefPosition = #0
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #0
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #-4
c'1 \break
% The following clef changes do not preserve
% the normal relationship between notes and clefs:
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
\set Staff.clefPosition = #2
c'1
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
c'1
\set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
c'1
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #7
c'1
\set Staff.clefOctavation = #0
\set Staff.clefPosition = #0
c'1
% Return to the normal clef:
\set Staff.middleCPosition = #0
c'1
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../91/lily-38ee9433.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../91/lily-38ee9433.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="using-postscript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</h2>
<p>When a note head with a special shape cannot easily be generated with
graphic markup, PostScript code can be used to generate the shape.
This example shows how a parallelogram-shaped note head is generated.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">parallelogram =
#(ly:make-stencil (list 'embedded-ps
"gsave
currentpoint translate
newpath
0 0.25 moveto
1.3125 0.75 lineto
1.3125 -0.25 lineto
0 -0.75 lineto
closepath
fill
grestore" )
(cons 0 1.3125)
(cons 0 0))
myNoteHeads = \override NoteHead #'stencil = \parallelogram
normalNoteHeads = \revert NoteHead #'stencil
\relative c'' {
\myNoteHeads
g4 d'
\normalNoteHeads
<f, \tweak #'stencil \parallelogram b e>4 d
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../22/lily-e8d3d68d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../22/lily-e8d3d68d.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="using-the--tweak-command-to-tweak-individual-grobs.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Using the <code>\tweak</code> command to tweak individual grobs</h2>
<p>With the <code>\tweak</code> command, every grob can be tuned directly. Here
are some examples of available tweaks.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\relative c' {
\time 2/4
\set fingeringOrientations = #'(right)
<
\tweak #'font-size #3 c
\tweak #'color #red d-\tweak #'font-size #8 -4
\tweak #'style #'cross g
\tweak #'duration-log #2 a
>2
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../ec/lily-f338dcb4.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../ec/lily-f338dcb4.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</h2>
<p>By setting the <code>'Y-extent</code> property to a suitable value, all
<code>DynamicLineSpanner</code> objects (hairpins and dynamic texts) can be
aligned to a common reference point, regardless of their actual extent.
This way, every element will be vertically aligned, thus producing a
more pleasing output.
</p>
<p>The same idea is used to align the text scripts along their baseline.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">music = \relative c'' {
c2\p^\markup { gorgeous } c\f^\markup { fantastic }
c4\p c\f\> c c\!\p
}
{
\music \break
\override DynamicLineSpanner #'staff-padding = #2.0
\override DynamicLineSpanner #'Y-extent = #'(-1.5 . 1.5)
\override TextScript #'Y-extent = #'(-1.5 . 1.5)
\music
}
</pre><p>
<a href="../1f/lily-9ab3a546.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../1f/lily-9ab3a546.png"
alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<a name="vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics.ly"></a>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Tweaks-and-overrides"></a>
<table class="nav_table">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][Index][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next chapter"> Paper and layout >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="#Tweaks-and-overrides" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Tweaks and overrides </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> Paper and layout > </a>]</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="unnumberedsec">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</h2>
<p>This snippet demonstrates the use of the context properties
<code>alignBelowContext</code> and <code>alignAboveContext</code> to control the
positioning of lyrics and ossias.
</p>
<pre class="verbatim">\paper {
ragged-right = ##t
}
\relative c' <<
\new Staff = "1" { c4 c s2 }
\new Staff = "2" { c4 c s2 }
\new Staff = "3" { c4 c s2 }
{ \skip 2
<<
\lyrics {
\set alignBelowContext = #"1"
lyrics4 below
}
\new Staff \with {
alignAboveContext = #"3"
fontSize = #-2
\override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -2)
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
} {
\times 4/6 {
\override TextScript #'padding = #3
c8[^"ossia above" d e d e f]
}
}
>>
}
>>
</pre><p>
<a href="../c8/lily-d2b7801d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0"
src="../c8/lily-d2b7801d.png"
alt="[image of music]">
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title="Documentation Index"><< Back to Documentation Index</a></p>
<h4 class="toc_header"> <a href="index.html#Top" title="Start of the manual">Snippets List</a></h4>
<div class="contents">
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Pitches-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Pitches</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-sequence-of-notes-on-various-pitches" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Creating a sequence of notes on various pitches</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dodecaphonic_002dstyle-accidentals-for-each-note-including-naturals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Dodecaphonic-style accidentals for each note including naturals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Generating-random-notes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Generating random notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Makam example</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-extra-naturals-from-being-automatically-added" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing extra naturals from being automatically added</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Preventing-natural-signs-from-being-printed-when-the-key-signature-changes" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Preventing natural signs from being printed when the key signature changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transposing-music-with-minimum-accidentals" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Transposing music with minimum accidentals</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-1" href="Pitches.html#Pitches">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythms-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythms</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beam-subdivisions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beam subdivisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Automatic-beams-two-per-two-in-4_002f4-or-2_002f2-time-signature" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Automatic beams two per two in 4/4 or 2/2 time signature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-endings-in-Score-context" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam endings in Score context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beam-grouping-in-7_002f8-time" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beam grouping in 7/8 time</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Beams-across-line-breaks" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Beams across line breaks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-beam-knee-gap" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing beam knee gap</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-time-signature-without-affecting-the-beaming" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the time signature without affecting the beaming</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-tuplet-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing the tuplet number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Compound-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Compound time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Conducting-signs_002c-measure-grouping-signs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Conducting signs, measure grouping signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engraving-ties-manually" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Engraving ties manually</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Entering-several-tuplets-using-only-one-_005ctimes-command" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Entering several tuplets using only one \times command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flat-flags-and-beam-nibs" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Flat flags and beam nibs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-rehearsal-marks-to-start-from-a-given-letter-or-number" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Forcing rehearsal marks to start from a given letter or number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grouping-beats" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Grouping beats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Merging-multi_002dmeasure-rests-in-a-polyphonic-part" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Merging multi-measure rests in a polyphonic part</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-tuplet-bracket-length" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Modifying tuplet bracket length</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup-1" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Permitting-line-breaks-within-beamed-tuplets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Permitting line breaks within beamed tuplets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles-2" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Reverting-default-beam-endings" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Reverting default beam endings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Specifying-context-with-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Specifying context with beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stemlets" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Stemlets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Sub_002ddividing-beams" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Sub-dividing beams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-beatLength-and-beatGrouping" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using beatLength and beatGrouping</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-ties-with-arpeggios" href="Rhythms.html#Rhythms">Using ties with arpeggios</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Expressive-marks-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Expressive marks</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-beams_002c-slurs_002c-ties-etc_002e-when-using-tuplet-and-non_002dtuplet-rythms_002e" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding beams, slurs, ties etc. when using tuplet and non-tuplet rythms.</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-parentheses-around-an-expressive-mark-or-chordal-note" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adding parentheses around an expressive mark or chordal note</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Adjusting the shape of falls and doits</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Breathing-signs" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Breathing signs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Broken-crescendo-hairpin" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Broken crescendo hairpin</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-breath-mark-symbol" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Changing the breath mark symbol</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Contemporary-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Contemporary glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-arpeggios-across-notes-in-different-voices" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating arpeggios across notes in different voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-a-piano-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in a piano staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-cross_002dstaff-arpeggios-in-other-contexts" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating cross-staff arpeggios in other contexts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-2" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Hiding-the-extender-line-for-text-dynamics" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Hiding the extender line for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Line-arrows" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Line arrows</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modifying-default-values-for-articulation-shorthand-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Modifying default values for articulation shorthand notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-1" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-hairpins-using-al-niente-notation" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing hairpins using al niente notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting hairpin behavior at bar lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Setting the minimum length of hairpins</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-double-slurs-for-legato-chords" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Using double slurs for legato chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-dynamics-across-multiple-notes" href="Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Vertically aligning dynamics across multiple notes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Repeats-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Repeats</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-volta-brackets-to-additional-staves" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Adding volta brackets to additional staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Isolated-percent-repeats" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Isolated percent repeats</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-counter" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Percent repeat counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-segno-and-coda-_0028with-line-break_0029" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Positioning segno and coda (with line break)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Shortening-volta-brackets" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Shortening volta brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-2" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff-1" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-text-markup-using-repeatCommands" href="Repeats.html#Repeats">Volta text markup using <code>repeatCommands</code></a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Simultaneous-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Simultaneous notes</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Additional-voices-to-avoid-collisions" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Additional voices to avoid collisions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-2" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-partcombine-texts" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Changing partcombine texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Double-glissando-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Double glissando</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes-1" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns" href="Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Staff-notation-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Staff notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-number-of-lines-in-a-staff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the number of lines in a staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-tempo-without-a-metronome-mark" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Changing the tempo without a metronome mark</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-metronome-marks-in-markup-mode" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Creating metronome marks in markup mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Incipit" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Inserting-score-fragments-above-a-staff_002c-as-markups" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Inserting score fragments above a staff, as markups</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Non_002dtraditional-key-signatures-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Non-traditional key signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice-with-transposition-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice with transposition</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Quoting-another-voice" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Quoting another voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tick-bar-lines" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tick bar lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties-2" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords-1" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta under chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-multi_002dstaff" href="Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Volta multi-staff</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Editorial-annotations-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Editorial annotations</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Applying-note-head-styles-depending-on-the-step-of-the-scale-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Applying note head styles depending on the step of the scale</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-appearance-of-a-slur-from-solid-to-dotted-or-dashed" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Changing the appearance of a slur from solid to dotted or dashed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Coloring-notes-depending-on-their-pitch" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Coloring notes depending on their pitch</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-3" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Default direction of stems on the center line of the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-changing-their-appearance" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: changing their appearance</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Grid-lines_003a-emphasizing-rhythms-and-notes-synchronization" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Grid lines: emphasizing rhythms and notes synchronization</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Making-some-staff-lines-thicker-than-the-others" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Making some staff lines thicker than the others</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Measure-counter-2" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Measure counter</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes-1" href="Editorial-annotations.html#Editorial-annotations">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Text-1" href="Text.html#Text">Text</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-2" href="Text.html#Text">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-1" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-marks-with-various-notation-objects" href="Text.html#Text">Aligning marks with various notation objects</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Blanking-staff-lines-using-the-_005cwhiteout-command-1" href="Text.html#Text">Blanking staff lines using the \whiteout command</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Center-text-below-hairpin-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Center text below hairpin dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family-1" href="Text.html#Text">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-dynamics-with-markup-texts-1" href="Text.html#Text">Combining dynamics with markup texts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Combining two parts on the same staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-_0022real_0022-parenthesized-dynamics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating "real" parenthesized dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-1" href="Text.html#Text">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners-2" href="Text.html#Text">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-1" href="Text.html#Text">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Embedding-native-PostScript-in-a-_005cmarkup-block-1" href="Text.html#Text">Embedding native PostScript in a \markup block</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables-1" href="Text.html#Text">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics" href="Text.html#Text">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment-1" href="Text.html#Text">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Markup-lines" href="Text.html#Text">Markup lines</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Multi_002dmeasure-rest-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Multi-measure rest markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ottava-text" href="Text.html#Text">Ottava text</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Outputting-the-version-number" href="Text.html#Text">Outputting the version number</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-1" href="Text.html#Text">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-at-the-end-of-a-line-or-a-score" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks at the end of a line or a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-marks-on-every-staff" href="Text.html#Text">Printing marks on every staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stand_002dalone-two_002dcolumn-markup" href="Text.html#Text">Stand-alone two-column markup</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Three_002dsided-box-1" href="Text.html#Text">Three-sided box</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-UTF_002d8" href="Text.html#Text">UTF-8</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-1" href="Text.html#Text">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-music-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-ambitus-per-voice" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adding ambitus per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus-with-multiple-voices" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus with multiple voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ambitus" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Ambitus</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-stanza-fonts" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Changing stanza fonts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-3" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Formatting-lyrics-syllables" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Formatting lyrics syllables</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-put-ties-between-syllables-in-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">How to put ties between syllables in lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Lyrics-alignment" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Lyrics alignment</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Marking-notes-of-spoken-parts-with-a-cross-on-the-stem" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Marking notes of spoken parts with a cross on the stem</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-_00282_0029-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode (2)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Skips-in-lyric-mode-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Skips in lyric mode</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-centered-common-lyrics" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vertically centered common lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-2" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-1" href="Vocal-music.html#Vocal-music">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chords</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-bar-lines-to-ChordNames-context" href="Chords.html#Chords">Adding bar lines to ChordNames context</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings-3" href="Chords.html#Chords">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-chord-separator" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing chord separator</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-chord-names-to-German-or-semi_002dGerman-notation" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the chord names to German or semi-German notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-positions-of-figured-bass-alterations" href="Chords.html#Chords">Changing the positions of figured bass alterations</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chord-name-exceptions" href="Chords.html#Chords">Chord name exceptions</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-chord-name-major7" href="Chords.html#Chords">chord name major7</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings" href="Chords.html#Chords">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Displaying-complex-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Displaying complex chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Manually-break-figured-bass-extenders-for-only-some-numbers" href="Chords.html#Chords">Manually break figured bass extenders for only some numbers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Showing-chords-at-changes" href="Chords.html#Chords">Showing chords at changes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Simple-lead-sheet" href="Chords.html#Chords">Simple lead sheet</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-2" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords-1" href="Chords.html#Chords">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Volta-under-chords" href="Chords.html#Chords">Volta under chords</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Keyboards-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Keyboards</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Accordion_002ddiscant-symbols" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Accordion-discant symbols</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clusters-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Clusters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets-1" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Indicating-cross_002dstaff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Indicating cross-staff chords with arpeggio bracket</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-3" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction-2" href="Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-drum-parts" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Adding drum parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Heavily-customized-polymetric-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Heavily customized polymetric time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Percussion-beaters" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Percussion beaters</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Printing-music-with-different-time-signatures-1" href="Percussion.html#Percussion">Printing music with different time signatures</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Fretted-strings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-a-score" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-fingerings-to-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Adding fingerings to tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Controlling the placement of chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Defining predefined fretboards for other instruments</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Faking-a-hammer-in-tablatures" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Faking a hammer in tablatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fingerings_002c-string-indications_002c-and-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fingerings, string indications, and right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Flamenco-notation" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Flamenco notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Guitar-strum-rhythms-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Guitar strum rhythms</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position-1" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template-2" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Laissez-vibrer-ties" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Laissez vibrer ties</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Letter-tablature-formatting" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Letter tablature formatting</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Modern-TAB-text-clef" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Modern TAB text clef</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Placement-of-right_002dhand-fingerings" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Placement of right-hand fingerings</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Polyphony-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Polyphony in tablature</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature" href="Fretted-strings.html#Fretted-strings">Stem and beam behavior in tablature</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Unfretted-strings-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Unfretted strings</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-_005cflageolet-mark-size" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Changing \flageolet mark size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-slurs-across-voices-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Creating slurs across voices</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Snap_002dpizzicato-markup-_0028_0022Bartok-pizzicato_0022_0029-1" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">Snap-pizzicato markup ("Bartok pizzicato")</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts" href="Unfretted-strings.html#Unfretted-strings">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Winds-1" href="Winds.html#Winds">Winds</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Flute-slap-notation" href="Winds.html#Winds">Flute slap notation</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-fonts" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient fonts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-time-signatures" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Ancient time signatures</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Custodes" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Custodes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Incipit</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-2" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Rest-styles" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit-1" href="Ancient-notation.html#Ancient-notation">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-World-music-1" href="World-music.html#World-music">World music</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Arabic-improvisation" href="World-music.html#World-music">Arabic improvisation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Makam-example" href="World-music.html#World-music">Makam example</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Contexts-and-engravers-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Contexts and engravers</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-a-figured-bass-above-or-below-the-notes" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding a figured bass above or below the notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff-at-a-line-break-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff at a line break</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Adding-an-extra-staff" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Adding an extra staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-time-signatures-inside-a-polymetric-section-using-_005cscaleDurations-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Changing time signatures inside a polymetric section using <code>\scaleDurations</code></a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Chant-or-psalms-notation" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Chant or psalms notation</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Engravers-one_002dby_002done" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Engravers one-by-one</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Nesting-staves" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Use-square-bracket-at-the-start-of-a-staff-group-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves-3" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Tweaks-and-overrides-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaks and overrides</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Analysis-brackets-above-the-staff" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Analysis brackets above the staff</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Avoiding collisions with chord fingerings</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Caesura-_0028_0022railtracks_0022_0029-with-fermata" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Caesura ("railtracks") with fermata</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-a-single-note_0027s-size-in-a-chord" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing a single note’s size in a chord</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-form-of-multi_002dmeasure-rests" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing form of multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-properties-for-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing properties for individual grobs</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing text and spanner styles for text dynamics</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-the-default-text-font-family" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the default text font family</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Controlling tuplet bracket visibility</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Creating-a-delayed-turn" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating a delayed turn</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Creating-simultaneous-rehearsal-marks-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating simultaneous rehearsal marks</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Creating-text-spanners" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Creating text spanners</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Custodes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Custodes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing fretboard fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Customizing-markup-fret-diagrams" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Customizing markup fret diagrams</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Display-bracket-with-only-one-staff-in-a-system" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Display bracket with only one staff in a system</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Dotted-harmonics" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Dotted harmonics</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Drawing-boxes-around-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing boxes around grobs</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Drawing-circles-around-various-objects" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Drawing circles around various objects</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Fine_002dtuning-pedal-brackets" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fine-tuning pedal brackets</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Fret-diagrams-explained-and-developed-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Fret diagrams explained and developed</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Horizontally-aligning-custom-dynamics-_0028e_002eg_002e-_0022sempre-pp_0022_002c-_0022piu-f_0022_002c-_0022subito-p_0022_0029-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Horizontally aligning custom dynamics (e.g. "sempre pp", "piu f", "subito p")</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-How-to-change-fret-diagram-position" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">How to change fret diagram position</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Inserting-a-caesura-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Inserting a caesura</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Making-an-object-invisible-with-the-transparent-property" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Making an object invisible with the transparent property</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Manually-controlling-beam-positions-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Manually controlling beam positions</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Mensurstriche-layout-_0028bar-lines-between-the-staves_0029-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Nesting-staves-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Nesting staves</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Percent-repeat-count-visibility" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Percent repeat count visibility</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Positioning-multi_002dmeasure-rests-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning multi-measure rests</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs-2" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Positioning text markups inside slurs</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing a repeat sign at the beginning of a piece</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff-3" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Printing metronome and rehearsal marks below the staff</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Removing-the-first-empty-line" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Removing the first empty line</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Rest-styles-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rest styles</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Rhythmic-slashes-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Rhythmic slashes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Time-signature-in-parentheses-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Time signature in parentheses</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Transcription-of-Ancient-music-with-incipit" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Transcription of Ancient music with incipit</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Tweaking-clef-properties" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Tweaking clef properties</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Using-PostScript-to-generate-special-note-head-shapes" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using PostScript to generate special note head shapes</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Using-the-_005ctweak-command-to-tweak-individual-grobs" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Using the <code>\tweak</code> command to tweak individual grobs</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-1" href="Tweaks-and-overrides.html#Tweaks-and-overrides">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Paper-and-layout-1" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Paper and layout</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names-2" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Book-parts" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Book parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Changing-the-staff-size" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Changing the staff size</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Clip-systems" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Clip systems</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Creating-blank-staves" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Creating blank staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Table-of-contents" href="Paper-and-layout.html#Paper-and-layout">Table of contents</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Titles-1" href="Titles.html#Titles">Titles</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adding-the-current-date-to-a-score" href="Titles.html#Titles">Adding the current date to a score</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Aligning-and-centering-instrument-names" href="Titles.html#Titles">Aligning and centering instrument names</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demonstrating-all-headers-2" href="Titles.html#Titles">Demonstrating all headers</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Spacing</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing-1" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Page-label" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Page label</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Proportional-strict-notespacing" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Proportional strict notespacing</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics-2" href="Spacing.html#Spacing">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-MIDI-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">MIDI</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Changing-MIDI-output-to-one-channel-per-voice-1" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Changing MIDI output to one channel per voice</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Demo-MidiInstruments" href="MIDI.html#MIDI">Demo MidiInstruments</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a name="toc-Templates-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Templates</a>
<ul class="toc">
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-template-_002d_002d-modern-transcription-of-mensural-music-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Jazz combo template</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-dynamics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered dynamics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-centered-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with centered lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics" href="Templates.html#Templates">Piano template with melody and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Score-for-diatonic-accordion" href="Templates.html#Templates">Score for diatonic accordion</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-and-chords-2" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes_002c-lyrics_002c-chords-and-frets-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and chords</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Single-staff-template-with-only-notes" href="Templates.html#Templates">Single staff template with only notes</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-_0028simple_0029-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template (simple)</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-String-quartet-template-with-separate-parts-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">String quartet template with separate parts</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</a> </li>
<li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensemble-template" href="Templates.html#Templates">Vocal ensemble template</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
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Mandriva
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2010.0
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i586
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media
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contrib-release
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by-pkgid
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ffe16b32b9f5eec0add70c0a6bc8cec8
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files
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